Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Educating Anesthesia Providers On The Physiological Effects And Anesthesia Implications Of Cannabis, Carmel Loud

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

In the U.S., currently 37 states have legalized cannabis for medicinal use prescribed by qualified medical professionals (National Conference of State Legislatures [NCSL], 2022). In 2012, the legalization of recreational cannabis began; as of 2022, 19 states have legalized the recreational use of marijuana (NCSL, 2022). This project aimed to optimize care for patients using cannabis by increasing anesthesia provider knowledge about cannabis. The project's aim was accomplished through a thorough review of the current medical literature and implementation of education to anesthesia providers about the physiological effects and anesthesia implications of cannabis. Thirteen CRNAs took a pre- and post-quiz …

Stress Hormone And Heart Rate Responses To Various Exercise Training Methods, Tomas Gomez Jr., Rebekah Schlatter, Megan Zamora, Marco Arriago, Sue Anne Chew, Murat Karabulut

Research Symposium

Background: Blood Flow Resistance (BFR) training has garnered attention for its ability to induce positive physiological adaptations with low-load resistance exercise. The present study aimed to examine the responses of catabolic hormones and heart rates (HR) to various BFR training protocols. This investigation seeks to provide insights into the stress levels induced by different protocols and identification behind the most effective protocol for optimal positive exercise-related adaptations.

Methods: Study population involved 10 healthy adult males (height: 175.0±5.0 cm, weight: 96.67±26.6 kg, age: 21.3±2.67 yr.) in a five-session investigation. Informed consent paperwork, pre-testing and anthropometric measurements served as session 1; sessions …

Establishing The Validity And Reliability Of The Astroskin® Biometric Shirt, Alex Macquarrie, Jasmin Sidhu, Chloe Deetlefs, Steve Whitfield, Matt Stainer

Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology

Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology Volume 5: Issue 1, Article 4, 2024. Biometric garments such as the Astroskin® biometric shirt (Carre Technologies, Montreal, PQ) may be useful for non-invasively monitoring human physiology in a number of applied settings. The Astroskin® biometric shirt measures and records continuous heart rate (HR), blood oxygenation (SPO2), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and respiratory rate (RR). The aim of this study was to establish the reliability and validity of the Astroskin® biometric shirt. This was achieved through comparing the Astroskin® with a commercially available hospital-grade cardiac monitor, the corpuls3® (Stemple GmbH, Kaufering, Germany) for the …

Anatomy And Physiology Of Intraosseous Infusion, Andrew Mizerowski, James Paxton

Medical Student Research Symposium

The introduction of fluids and medications via intraosseous (IO) infusion is highly dependent upon many unique aspects of bone anatomy and physiology. Key considerations include differences in the medullary cross-sectional area between insertion sites, age- and location-dependent variation in the distribution of red and yellow bone marrow, volume and pressure capacity within the venous system, and the influence of hormones and other chemical messengers on vasomotor tone. In addition to an exploration of these concepts, this chapter will also discuss the physiologic basis for pharmacokinetic relationships reported in the prevailing literature and propose methods to optimize the use of IO …

Inter-Individual Variations In Circadian Misalignment-Induced Nafld Pathophysiology In Mice, Nobuya Koike, Yasuhiro Umemura, Hitoshi Inokawa, Isao Tokuda, Yoshiki Tsuchiya, Yuh Sasawaki, Atsushi Umemura, Naoko Masuzawa, Kazuya Yabumoto, Takashi Seya, Akira Sugimoto, Seung-Hee Yoo, Zheng Chen, Kazuhiro Yagita

Journal Articles

Pathological consequences of circadian misalignment, such as shift work, show considerable individual differences, but the lack of mechanistic understanding hinders precision prevention to prevent and mitigate disease symptoms. Here, we employed an integrative approach involving physiological, transcriptional, and histological phenotypes to examine inter-individual differences in pre-symptomatic pathological progression, preceding irreversible disease onset, in wild-type mice exposed to chronic jet-lag (CJL). We observed that CJL markedly increased the prevalence of hepatic steatosis with pronounced inter-individual differences. Stratification of individual mice based on CJL-induced hepatic transcriptomic signature, validated by histopathological analysis, pinpoints dysregulation of lipid metabolism. Moreover, the period and power of …

Sex Differences In The Effects Of Cortisol On Muscle Characteristics: A Meta-Analysis, Natalie Bitetti

CMC Senior Theses

Background: Cortisol plays a central role in both muscle breakdown and growth. These effects are highly dependent on dose and interactions with other hormones. It is known that men and women show considerable differences in their muscle structure and physiology, which are largely driven by hormonal differences. Cortisol release patterns may also vary between the sexes, with current research showing considerable disagreement. The interplay between cortisol and muscle, two highly variable and sexually dimorphic factors, may prove to have different effects in males versus females.

Objective: This meta-analysis integrates existing research on sex differences in cortisol-muscle physiology with existing research …

Innate And Adaptive Immune System Consequences Of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Tatlock H. Lauten, Tamara Natour, Adam J. Case

Journal Articles: Cellular & Integrative Physiology

In the field of psychiatry, biological markers are rarely, if ever, used in the diagnosis of mental health disorders. Clinicians rely primarily on patient histories and behavioral symptoms to identify specific psychopathologies, which makes diagnosis highly subjective. Moreover, therapies for mental health disorders are aimed specifically at attenuating behavioral manifestations, which overlooks the pathophysiological indices of the disease. This is highly evident in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) where inflammation and immune system perturbations are becoming increasingly described. Further, patients with PTSD possess significantly elevated risks of developing comorbid inflammatory diseases such as autoimmune and cardiovascular diseases, which are likely linked …

The Positive Functional And Structural Cardiovascular Impact Of Homoarginine In Aged Rats Via Modulation Of Cardiac Inos/Fibrosis Pathway And Ampk, Heba Fathy El-Domiaty, Walaa Abdellah Esa, Nesrin Abd Allah Salman

Menoufia Medical Journal

Objectives To investigate the cardiovascular protective effect of HA in aged rats and to clarify the underlying mechanisms. Background: Aging is a natural process, which has a gradual biological impact on the normal functions of different organs. Methods Thirty male Wistar rats were divided in to 3 groups: adult (4-6 months), aged (23-24 months) and aged HA supplemented groups. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), electrocardiogram (ECG) and aortic blood flow parameters were recorded for all rats. Then, rats were sacrificed and cardiac tissue was dissected to measure the cardiac levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). …

Ketogenic Diet, Caloric Restriction And Intermittent Fasting Increase The Mitochondrial Activity In Aged Rats, Mohamed H.A. Hassan, Hesham A.D. Abdel-Razek, Yahya M. Naguib, Eman A. Badr, Sara E. Abdou, Ahmed M. Gaafar

Menoufia Medical Journal

Objective: Studying the effect of multiple dietary strategies on mitochondrial activity of aged rats. Background: Healthy aging may be achieved by intermittent fasting, caloric restriction or ketogenic diet regimens. Material and methods: Thirty-two male Wistar rats, 20-22-week-old, were randomized into four equal groups: control, ketogenic diet (KD), caloric restriction (CR) and intermittent fasting (IF) groups. After 8 weeks, rats were weighed, and subjected for measurement of systolic blood pressure (SBP) using a rat-tail sphygmomanometer, and neurobehavioral assessment via open field examination. Then, fasting retro-orbital blood samples were collected to measure free fatty acids (FFA), liver and kidney function tests and …

Effect Of Type 2 Diabetes Milletus On Glycemic State, Cognitive Brain Functions And Hippocampus Dna In Adult Male Rats, Sohair A. Saleh, Gergess S. Hanna, Sobhy E. El-Naby, Suzy F. Ewieda, Rasha Sa. Elseadawy, Basma S. Ghoneim, Shaimaa M. Motawea

Menoufia Medical Journal

Objective: To investigate the impact of type 2 diabetes milletus on glycemic state, cognitive brain function, and hippocampus DNA in adult male rats as well as potential underlying mechanisms.

Background: It has been predicted that the number of diabetics will more than likely double by the year 2030 as a result of urbanization, obesity, and ageing. Diabetes mellitus is linked to the onset of dementia and Alzheimer's disease.

Methods: Thirty-six male albino rats of local strain, at 6 weeks of age weighing 150 - 200 gm each, were divided into 2 equal groups: non-Diabetic and Diabetic non-treated groups. After 4 …