Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

An Analysis Of Moral Distress Experienced Among Nursing Students, Katherine Merchent Johnson

Honors Theses

The purpose of this senior honors thesis was to obtain descriptive data about the moral distress experienced by nursing students during clinical rotations in nursing school. This senior honors thesis is significant to nursing because, although moral distress is a well-researched topic, little to no information has been gathered regarding moral distress among the nursing student sub-culture. Nursing students are likely one of the most important groups in which moral distress needs to be explored, because experiencing it could lead to fewer people wanting to become a part of the nursing profession. The research design used quantitative methodology. The approach …

Should Family Presence Be Allowed During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation?, Karen J. Brasel, John W. Entwistle Iii, Md, Phd, Robert M. Sade

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Medicine Outside The Clinic: The Growing Need For Physicians In Sexual Education Policy, Zachary Sanford

Marshall Journal of Medicine

Sex and sexuality are both topics of immense social and personal importance, owing their openness or constraint in large part to the society in which they are discussed. In homogenous groups it may be possible to reach firm consensus on what is, or is not, appropriate to consider a sexual norm and use an overarching set of religious or spiritual morals to reaffirm this decision. However, in western society and specifically in the United States, a theme of integration and amalgamation of wildly different cultures has presented an interesting case study in searching for common ground on basic social issues. …

Moral Distress: Cowardly Lion To Courageous Action, Frances Johnson 2362973

Faculty Works

Moral distress is a key issue in the healthcare work environment. This course will explore situations in which health care providers may find themselves that result in moral distress; situations can arise from patients, their families, co-workers, or the organization. Providing quality, evidence based practice is many times limited to doing what is allowed per protocols or payors, and not always what is best for that given situation. Included in this presentation are ways to affirm what is felt, assess sources of distress, contemplate risks and benefits of action, and prepare for action.

Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter, Fall 2016

Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Wild Justice Redux: What We Know About Social Justice In Animals And Why It Matters, Jessica Pierce, Marc Bekoff

Marc Bekoff, PhD

Social justice in animals is beginning to attract interest in a broad range of academic disciplines. Justice is an important area of study because it may help explain social dynamics among individuals living in tightly- knit groups, as well as social interactions among individuals who only occasionally meet. In this paper, we provide an overview of what is currently known about social justice in animals and offer an agenda for further research. We provide working definitions of key terms, outline some central research questions, and explore some of the challenges of studying social justice in animals, as well as the …

Aquatic Animals, Cognitive Ethology, And Ethics: Questions About Sentience And Other Troubling Issues That Lurk In Turbid Water, Marc Bekoff

Marc Bekoff, PhD

In this general, strongly pro-animal, and somewhat utopian and personal essay, I argue that we owe aquatic animals respect and moral consideration just as we owe respect and moral consideration to all other animal beings, regardless of the taxonomic group to which they belong. In many ways it is more difficult to convince some people of our ethical obligations to numerous aquatic animals because we do not identify or empathize with them as we do with animals with whom we are more familiar or to whom we are more closely related, including those species (usually terrestrial) to whom we refer …

Animal Minds, Cognitive Ethology, And Ethics, Colin Allen, Marc Bekoff

Marc Bekoff, PhD

Our goal in this paper is to provide enough of an account of the origins of cognitive ethology and the controversy surrounding it to help ethicists to gauge for themselves how to balance skepticism and credulity about animal minds when communicating with scientists. We believe that ethicists’ arguments would benefit from better understanding of the historical roots of ongoing controversies. It is not appropriate to treat some widely reported results in animal cognition as if their interpretations are a matter of scientific consensus. It is especially important to understand why loose references to ‘‘cognitive ethology’’ by philosophers can signal ignorance …

Institutional Animal Care And Use Committees: A Flawed Paradigm Or Work In Progress?, John P. Gluck, F. Barbara Orlans

John P. Gluck, PhD

In his challenging article, Steneck (1997) criticized the creation of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) system established by the 1985 amendments to the Animal Welfare Act. He saw the IACUC review and approval of biomedical and behavioral research with animals as an unnecessary "reassignment" of duties from existing animal care programs to IACUC committees. He argued that the committees are unable to do the work expected of them for basically three reasons: (a) the membership lacks the expertise in matters relevant to animal research and care, (b) there exists an inherent and disabling conflict of interest, and …

Ethical Issues In The Use Of Animals In Biomedical And Psychopharmocological Research, John P. Gluck, Jordan Bell

John P. Gluck, PhD

Rationale: The ethical debate concerning the use of animals in biomedical and pharmacological research continues to be replete with misunderstandings about whether animals have moral standing. Objectives: This article briefly reviews the central ethical positions and their relationship to the basic parameters of research regulation from an international perspective. The issues associated with the validation of animal models will then be discussed. Finally, suggestions for empirical ethics research will be presented. Methods: Recent literature reviews were accessed and analyzed. Results: This review summarizes the pertinent ethical and research literature. Conclusions: In summary, regardless of the ethical perspective one favors, there …

Harry F. Harlow And Animal Research: Reflection On The Ethical Paradox, John P. Gluck

John P. Gluck, PhD

With respect to the ethical debate about the treatment of animals in biomedical and behavioral research, Harry F. Harlow represents a paradox. On the one hand, his work on monkey cognition and social development fostered a view of the animals as having rich subjective lives filled with intention and emotion. On the other, he has been criticized for the conduct of research that seemed to ignore the ethical implications of his own discoveries. The basis of this contradiction is discussed and propositions for current research practice are presented.

Discourse And Wolves: Science, Society, And Ethics, William S. Lynn

William S. Lynn, PhD

Wolves have a special resonance in many human cultures. To appreciate fully the wide variety of views on wolves, we must attend to the scientific, social, and ethical discourses that frame our understanding of wolves themselves, as well as their relationships with people and the natural world. These discourses are a configuration of ideas, language, actions, and institutions that enable or constrain our individual and collective agency with respect to wolves.

Scientific discourse is frequently privileged when it comes to wolves, on the assumption that the primary knowledge requirements are matters of ecology, cognitive ethology, and allied disciplines. Social discourse …

Canis Lupus Cosmopolis: Wolves In A Cosmopolitan Worldview, William S. Lynn

William S. Lynn, PhD

The subject of wolf recovery in North America sparks heated controversy, both for and against. This paper explores how this subject is informed by cosmopolitan worldviews. These worldviews pull nature and culture into a common orbit of ethical meaning, with implications for the normative relationships that ought to pertain in landscapes shared by people and wolves. This theoretical outlook is illustrated using the controversy over wolves in the northeastern region of the United States. I conclude with a set of reflections on theorizing the cosmopolis, the interpretation of cosmopolitan landscapes, and living with cosmopolitan wolves.

The Ethics Of Wildlife Control In Humanized Landscapes, John Hadidian, Camilla H. Fox, William S. Lynn

William S. Lynn, PhD

The 21st century is witness to an unprecedented and rapid growth of human settlements, from urban centers to wilderness vacation resorts. Concurrent with this has been the growing tolerance and acceptance of many wild animals and humans for one another. This has created an expanding ‘zone’ of human-animal contacts, some number of which invariably result in conflicts. While the vast majority of our interactions with wild animals are undoubtedly benign, it is the conflict between wildlife and people that draws particularly close attention from the public. Animals viewed as vertebrate “pests” range from the small to the large, the timid …

Georgia’S Rural Hospital Closures: The Common-Good Approach To Ethical Decision-Making, Randi G. Bastain, Marcus Garner, John S. Barron, Emmanuel A. Akowuah, William A. Mase

Health Policy and Management Faculty Publications

Background: Critical access hospitals provide several essential services to local communities. Along with the functions associated with providing necessary medical care, they also offer employment opportunities and other economic benefits to the communities they serve. Since 2010, the number of rural hospitals closures has steadily increased. The common-good approach to ethical decision-making provides a framework that aids in evaluation of the effects that hospital closures have on rural residents and communities.

Methods: This analysis includes results of a systematic overview of peer-reviewed literature to address the following research questions: 1) How have state policies and the adoption of Medicaid expansion …

Child Sacrifice In The Western World, David Miedema

CedarEthics: A Journal of Critical Thinking in Bioethics

In my recent studies of history and anthropology I have found reference in many cultures to child sacrifice. These cultures include many far-flung groups that are distinct in geography, worldview, and mythology. A few examples include the Mayans, Incas, and Aztecs of South America. On the other side of the world, examples are found in several cultures of the Middle East, such as the Canaanites, the Edomites, and occasionally the Hebrews. These cultures performed child sacrifice to placate or pacify a deity in exchange for continued services, such as keeping the sun in the sky or bringing rain for the …

Homo Sapiens - The Human Animal, Paul Round

CedarEthics: A Journal of Critical Thinking in Bioethics

No abstract provided.

Medical Ethics And The Nazi War Data, Kristen Zeppenfeld

CedarEthics: A Journal of Critical Thinking in Bioethics

No abstract provided.

Embryos: Children Or Commodities?, Stacey Henness

CedarEthics: A Journal of Critical Thinking in Bioethics

No abstract provided.

An Application Of Hierarchicalism To Anencephalic Newborns, David Lindholm

CedarEthics: A Journal of Critical Thinking in Bioethics

No abstract provided.

A Conversation About Assisted Suicide, Jessica Thomas

CedarEthics: A Journal of Critical Thinking in Bioethics

No abstract provided.

Designer Babies And The “Cabbage Patch” Mentality, Jennifer Magin

CedarEthics: A Journal of Critical Thinking in Bioethics

No abstract provided.

Mother Knows Best, Timothy Dekoninck

CedarEthics: A Journal of Critical Thinking in Bioethics

No abstract provided.

Is Aids God’S Judgment Against Homosexuality? An Argument From Natural Law, Rondi Noden

CedarEthics: A Journal of Critical Thinking in Bioethics

No abstract provided.

Abortion, Sick Babies, And Tough Choices, Paige Taylor

CedarEthics: A Journal of Critical Thinking in Bioethics

No abstract provided.

Abortion And Women's Health: A Closer Look At "Back-Alley" Abortions, Michele Vandenberg

CedarEthics: A Journal of Critical Thinking in Bioethics

Abortion continues to be one of the most hotly debated topics in the United States since its legalization in 1973. Abortion rights activists claim that millions of women may now terminate pregnancy in a safer manner than in the days of “back-alley” abortions. This paper will examine the truth behind this claim. For instance, does legalized abortion really protect the health and safety of women? Is it safer than natural birth? Does it eliminate discrimination against poor women? This paper will argue that “back-alley” abortions have been a largely fabricated reality. They cannot therefore be a compelling argument in favor …

Fish Intelligence, Sentience And Ethics, Culum Brown

Culum Brown, PhD

Fish are one of the most highly utilised vertebrate taxa by humans; they are harvested from wild stocks as part of global fishing industries, grown under intensive aquaculture conditions, are the most common pet and are widely used for scientific research. But fish are seldom afforded the same level of compassion or welfare as warm-blooded vertebrates. Part of the problem is the large gap between people’s perception of fish intelligence and the scientific reality. This is an important issue because public perception guides government policy. The perception of an animal’s intelligence often drives our decision whether or not to include …

Clearing The Smoke: The Ethics Of Multistate Legal Practice For Recreational Marijuana Dispensaries, Eric Mitchell Schumann

St. Mary's Journal on Legal Malpractice & Ethics

With many firms practicing in multiple states, a lawyer could represent a marijuana dispensary in a legalized state while practicing in a state, like Texas, which continues to criminalize the drug. This raises a question of whether Texas attorneys who make the bold attempt to assist a company that sells marijuana violate the rules of professional responsibility.

In Section II, this Comment examines the background of the criminalization of marijuana and looks into the movement to liberalize the laws surrounding it. Section III analyzes the rules of professional conduct in Texas and in Colorado to determine what a lawyer in …

Ethics With Regard To Compensation And Current Ncaa Policy, Tyler Mcbride

Masters Theses

The purpose of this research is to analyze former NCAA Division I football players’ ethical perceptions of current NCAA policy, specifically concerning regulations governing compensation of the student athlete. This quantitative research study collected data using a 20-question survey instrument composed of demographic and Likert type questions. Statistical analysis determined the data failed to establish a statistically significant behavioral trend arguing either for or against current policies. However, data revealed a statistical difference between the opinions expressed by Caucasian alumni as compared to those of other ethnicities. The purpose of this study was to expose illegitimate processes within the NCAA …

Advocating For Our Patients Using Clinical Research, Brandon Baker

Clinical Research in Practice: The Journal of Team Hippocrates

This reflection is about experiences trying to relate medical research evidence to actual patient care. This piece talks about shared decision-making about screening mammography.