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Articles 1 - 30 of 95
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Exploring The Process, Models, And Outcomes Of Hospital-Public Health Partnerships, Danielle M. Varda, Jessica H. Retrum, Carrie Chapman
Exploring The Process, Models, And Outcomes Of Hospital-Public Health Partnerships, Danielle M. Varda, Jessica H. Retrum, Carrie Chapman
Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research
Health care reform has resulted in changes throughout the health system, including the Affordable Care Act (ACA) requirement that hospitals conduct community health needs assessments, taking into greater consideration the public health of their respective communities. This has led to growing strategies to develop partnerships between hospitals and public health (PH) as a way to meet these needs1. Meantime, there is a need for data on Hospital-PH partnerships, due to the growing emphasis that these types of partnerships get implemented in practice. In this paper we analyze a secondary data set to explore how hospitals and public health …
The Public Health Exposome: A Population-Based, Exposure Science Approach To Health Disparities Research, Paul D. Juarez, Patricia Matthews-Juarez, Darryl B. Hood, Wansoo Im, Robert S. Levine, Barbara J. Kilbourne, Michael A. Langston, Mohammad Z. Al-Hamdan, William L. Crosson, Maurice G. Estes, Sue M. Estes, Vincent K. Agboto, Paul Robinson, Sacoby Wilson, Maureen Y. Lichtveld
The Public Health Exposome: A Population-Based, Exposure Science Approach To Health Disparities Research, Paul D. Juarez, Patricia Matthews-Juarez, Darryl B. Hood, Wansoo Im, Robert S. Levine, Barbara J. Kilbourne, Michael A. Langston, Mohammad Z. Al-Hamdan, William L. Crosson, Maurice G. Estes, Sue M. Estes, Vincent K. Agboto, Paul Robinson, Sacoby Wilson, Maureen Y. Lichtveld
Sociology Faculty Research
The lack of progress in reducing health disparities suggests that new approaches are needed if we are to achieve meaningful, equitable, and lasting reductions. Current scientific paradigms do not adequately capture the complexity of the relationships between environment, personal health and population level disparities. The public health exposome is presented as a universal exposure tracking framework for integrating complex relationships between exogenous and endogenous exposures across the lifespan from conception to death. It uses a social-ecological framework that builds on the exposome paradigm for conceptualizing how exogenous exposures “get under the skin”. The public health exposome approach has led our …
The Potentials And Challenges Of Big Data In Public Health, Rena N. Vithiatharan
The Potentials And Challenges Of Big Data In Public Health, Rena N. Vithiatharan
Australian eHealth Informatics and Security Conference
The potential to use big data sources for public health increases with the broadening availability of data and improved methods of analysis. Whilst there are some well-known examples of the opportunistic use of big data, such as GoogleFlu, public health has not yet realised the full potential of such data sources. A literature review was undertaken to identify the potential of such data collections to impact public health, and to identify what challenges are currently limiting this potential. The potential include improved real-time analysis, research and development and genome studies. However, challenges listed are poor universal standardisation and classification, privacy …
Listening To The Ranks: Perceptions Of The U.S. Air Force Occupational Health And Safety Training, Melissa Jo Breunig
Listening To The Ranks: Perceptions Of The U.S. Air Force Occupational Health And Safety Training, Melissa Jo Breunig
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Occupational health and safety hazards are abundant in military environments. Due to the hazardous occupational settings, injuries remain a public health concern in the United States military. Public health plays a critical role in injury reduction by addressing the need for comprehensive safety education training, and more specifically, exposure related injuries. A secondary data analysis was completed using Communication Theory as the overarching framework to analyze 13 qualitative interviews conducted with Airmen to gain their perceptions of the occupational health and safety training at Nellis and Creech Air Force Base (AFB). Pedagogy and training content were the two main themes …
A State And Territorial Survey Regarding Utilization Of Environmental Health Shelter Assessments During Disasters, And A Secondary Analysis Of Available Shelter Assessment Data, Miguel A. Cruz
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Disasters are complex events characterized by damage to key infrastructure and population displacements into disaster shelters. Assessing the living environment in shelters during disasters is a crucial health security concern. Until now, jurisdictional knowledge and preparedness on those assessment methods, or deficiencies found in shelters is limited. A cross-sectional survey (STUSA survey) ascertained knowledge and preparedness for those assessments in all 50 states, DC, and 5 US territories. Descriptive analysis of overall knowledge and preparedness was performed. Fisher’s exact statistics analyzed differences between two groups: jurisdiction type and population size. Two logistic regression models analyzed earthquakes and hurricane risks as …
Medicaid Expansions & Public Health Spending: Cross-Subsidies, Complementarities, And Crowd-Out, Glen P. Mays
Medicaid Expansions & Public Health Spending: Cross-Subsidies, Complementarities, And Crowd-Out, Glen P. Mays
Health Management and Policy Presentations
In this paper we estimate the causal impact of state Medicaid enrollment expansions and expenditures on state and local resources allocated to other public health programs and services. Using a quasi-experimental design with instrumental variables estimation, we find evidence that increased Medicaid spending leads to reduced governmental spending on other public health services, consistent with a crowd-out effect. Over 10 years, such crowd-out has the potential to diminish the health status improvements generated through health insurance coverage expansions.
Geographic Variation In The Delivery Of High-Value Public Health Services: Exploring Causes & Consequences, Glen P. Mays
Geographic Variation In The Delivery Of High-Value Public Health Services: Exploring Causes & Consequences, Glen P. Mays
Health Management and Policy Presentations
OBJECTIVES: A growing body of evidence indicates that the delivery of public health activities varies widely across states and communities, creating missed opportunities for prevention as well as inequities in health protection. Measures of quality in public health are needed to guide public health improvement initiatives and to support research on the comparative effectiveness of alternative public health strategies. The Multi-network Practices and Outcomes Variation Examination Study (MPROVE), uses the infrastructure of six Public Health Practice-Based Research Networks (PBRNs) across the U.S. to develop and validate a “starter set” of measures and to analyze geographic variation delivery across diverse public …
Annual Report Of The National Coordinating Center For Public Health Services & Systems Research, Year Four, Glen P. Mays, F. Douglas Scutchfield, Anna Goodman Hoover
Annual Report Of The National Coordinating Center For Public Health Services & Systems Research, Year Four, Glen P. Mays, F. Douglas Scutchfield, Anna Goodman Hoover
UKCPHSSR Research Briefs and Reports
The National Coordinating Center for Public Health Services and Systems Research (PHSSR), together with the Public Health Practice-Based Research Networks (PBRN) Program, works to expand the production and application of evidence on how best to organize, finance and deliver public health strategies that improve population health. The Center designs and conducts research studies, provides technical assistance and direction for other researchers across the U.S., develops methodological advances in measurement and analysis, and accelerates the translation and dissemination of research findings for policy and practice stakeholders.
Black Infant Deaths Point To Flaw In U.S. Health Care System, Vanessa Lopez-Littleton
Black Infant Deaths Point To Flaw In U.S. Health Care System, Vanessa Lopez-Littleton
UCF Forum
In a recent interview on The Daily Show, TV host Jon Stewart asked Fox political commentator Bill O’Reilly: “Does white privilege exist?” O’Reilly denied the existence of white privilege but conceded that as a collective, blacks carry more of a burden than whites.
Design And Development Of A Linked Open Data-Based Health Information Representation And Visualization System: Potentials And Preliminary Evaluation, Binyam Tilahun, Tomi Kauppinen, Carsten Keßler, Fleur Fritz
Design And Development Of A Linked Open Data-Based Health Information Representation And Visualization System: Potentials And Preliminary Evaluation, Binyam Tilahun, Tomi Kauppinen, Carsten Keßler, Fleur Fritz
Publications and Research
Background: Healthcare organizations around the world are challenged by pressures to reduce cost, improve coordination and outcome, and provide more with less. This requires effective planning and evidence-based practice by generating important information from available data. Thus, flexible and user-friendly ways to represent, query, and visualize health data becomes increasingly important. International organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) regularly publish vital data on priority health topics that can be utilized for public health policy and health service development. However, the data in most portals is displayed in either Excel or PDF formats, which makes information discovery and reuse …
How Can Public Health Economics Help Health Systems Focus Upstream?, Glen P. Mays
How Can Public Health Economics Help Health Systems Focus Upstream?, Glen P. Mays
Health Management and Policy Presentations
Research on the health and economic impact of public health strategies can help newly evolving health care delivery systems focus on upstream health determinants and make evidence-informed decisions about resource allocation across the prevention-treatment spectrum. Examples from research underway in the U.S. have particular relevance for Canada's evolving regional health authorities and their integrated approaches to medical care and public health delivery.
Tougher Than Rocket Science, Or Just Messier? Using Research To Improve U.S. Public Health Delivery, Glen P. Mays
Tougher Than Rocket Science, Or Just Messier? Using Research To Improve U.S. Public Health Delivery, Glen P. Mays
Health Management and Policy Presentations
Advances in the field of public health services & systems research (PHSSR) are incorporating complexity in theory and methods to derive strong inferences about the health and economic effects attributable to public health strategies. Opportunities for comparative international research in Canada and the U.S. promise to strengthen these avenues of inquiry.
Public Health Services Research: Informing Public Health Practice & Policy, Glen P. Mays
Public Health Services Research: Informing Public Health Practice & Policy, Glen P. Mays
Health Management and Policy Presentations
Heterogeneity in the mechanisms used for organizing and financing public health strategies creates opportunities for comparative effectiveness research (CER) in public health that examine which organization and financing mechanisms work best, for whom, and under what circumstances. Findings from these types of studies have direct utility in shaping public health policy and practice decisions.
Governmental Public Health And The Economics Of Adaptation To Population Health, Glen P. Mays
Governmental Public Health And The Economics Of Adaptation To Population Health, Glen P. Mays
Health Management and Policy Presentations
Research on the organization and financing of public health strategies offers valuable insight for governmental public health agencies seeking to adapt to a population health improvement perspective under health system reform.
Laboratories And The Value Stream Of Next-Generation Public Health, Glen P. Mays
Laboratories And The Value Stream Of Next-Generation Public Health, Glen P. Mays
Health Management and Policy Presentations
Public health laboratories are the information engines for public health agencies and delivery systems. Measuring the value stream that flows from this information can support objective assessments of the health and economic benefits attributable to laboratory infrastructure and information.
A Meta-Analysis Of The Prediction Of Violence Among Adults With Mental Disorders, Hing Po Lam
A Meta-Analysis Of The Prediction Of Violence Among Adults With Mental Disorders, Hing Po Lam
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
The study of the risk for violence among persons with mental disorders has received substantial scientific attention over the past few decades; however, many uncertainties and controversies remain due to the wide disparities in the reported results. Using the state-of-the-art perspective of public health, a meta-analysis was conducted to clarify the ambiguities by synthesizing quantitative findings from 85 research reports (completed between January 1970 and May 2010) on violence risk assessment among mentally disordered adults. Results of this meta-analytic study revealed that the estimates of the prevalence of violence among the psychiatric population varied considerably from 1.1% to 78.4% with …
Pubh 3231 - Epidemiology And Biostatistics, John Sheahan
Pubh 3231 - Epidemiology And Biostatistics, John Sheahan
Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health Syllabi
This course introduces the student to the principles and practice of epidemiology and vital statistics. Students will be exposed to the historical development of epidemiology, concepts of causality, definitions of health and disease, and sources of community health data. Current principles and practices in the cause, prevention and control of diseases in various community settings will be emphasized.
Using The Minority Stress Model To Understand Depression In Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, And Transgender Individuals In Nebraska, Molly Mccarthy, Christopher M. Fisher, Jay A. Irwin, Jason D. Coleman, Aja D. Kneip Pelster
Using The Minority Stress Model To Understand Depression In Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, And Transgender Individuals In Nebraska, Molly Mccarthy, Christopher M. Fisher, Jay A. Irwin, Jason D. Coleman, Aja D. Kneip Pelster
Sociology and Anthropology Faculty Publications
Previous studies demonstrated the utility of the minority stress model in understanding health disparities for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) populations. Since most research has considered large metropolitan areas, predominantly in coastal regions of the United States, this research focuses on a midwestern state, Nebraska. This study sought to assess the relationships between depressive symptoms experienced by participants (N = 770) and minority stress variables, including experiences with violence, perceptions of discrimination, and respondents’ degree of self-acceptance of their LGBT identity. Regression analysis revealed that after controlling for demographic variables, self-acceptance, and perceived discrimination were correlated with depressive symptoms. …
Conversations With The Community: An Ethnography Of Two Case Studies Highlighting Community-Research Partnerships In Springfield, Ma, Vanessa Martinez
Conversations With The Community: An Ethnography Of Two Case Studies Highlighting Community-Research Partnerships In Springfield, Ma, Vanessa Martinez
Doctoral Dissertations
This dissertation is both qualitative and collaborative. It emphasizes the participant observation and ethnographic documentation of two community-researcher partnerships on community-level health interventions in Springfield, MA. Drawing upon critical theories and reflexive methods, I explore and analyze the process of building and sustaining researcher-community partnerships in an era of limited funding. Two Springfield, MA-based projects – one on healthy cooking/eating, and the other on contingency management – serve as case studies to provide a concrete picture of the complex relationships of researcher-community collaborations. I use ethnographic storytelling to provide a multi-dimensional look at two different community-research partnerships on health disparities …
Discovering Community Assets: Master Of Public Health Culminating Experience, Megan E. Sirna
Discovering Community Assets: Master Of Public Health Culminating Experience, Megan E. Sirna
Master's Projects and Capstones
The Sonoma County Department of Health Services, through Cradle to Career, promotes collective impact around educational attainment and workforce development, and has become a leader in developing a framework for community schools. The first step in developing a community schools model is to understand and inventory what is already going on in the community. This process, known more formally as asset mapping, is a participatory process focused on documenting the strengths and resources of a community. The collaborative nature of the process helps to promote community involvement and build community cohesion. In order to assist schools wanting to begin an …
Nutrition Education And Community Advocacy At Marin Health And Human Services, Anna C. Allison
Nutrition Education And Community Advocacy At Marin Health And Human Services, Anna C. Allison
Master's Projects and Capstones
It would be a mistake to assume that all Marin neighborhoods look the same. The life expectancy in Ross is over 88 years. Less than 10 miles away in Hamilton Novato, the life expectancy is 75 years. That is a 13 year difference in life expectancy, roughly equivalent to the difference between living in the United States and Guyana. Marin is a small county, but it holds a great deal of variation. An effective health intervention in one neighborhood will not work in another, more importantly, there may not be the same health issue from one neighborhood to the next. …
At Risk For Ptsd: The Public Health Implications Of Trauma, Madeline Peyton
At Risk For Ptsd: The Public Health Implications Of Trauma, Madeline Peyton
Master's Projects and Capstones
The fieldwork experience is the summation of six semesters of graduate level public health training. At commencement, students are to be proficient in basic data analysis and epidemiological principles, in how environmental risks impact health, and demonstrate strong program planning, evaluation and leadership skills. Throughout, students are encouraged to focus their academic work on an area of public health that interest them and on a problem that they hope to impact in their professional work. I continued in an area I began as an undergraduate student of medical anthropology and explored the systems that interact to influence mental health of …
Assessing Health Department Readiness For Public Health Accreditation Through Quality Improvement, Christian L. Williams
Assessing Health Department Readiness For Public Health Accreditation Through Quality Improvement, Christian L. Williams
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Engaging in quality improvement (QI) activities can help local and state health departments improve current processes, develop more effective new processes, increase leadership capacity, and prepare for public health accreditation. Public health organizations that have implemented QI processes have seen improvements in health outcome indicators, delivery of the 10 essential services, patient satisfaction, and performance management.
Quality improvement is the foundation of the Public Health Accreditation Board‟s (PHAB) program and further pushes health departments, at both the local and state level, to adopt QI activities within their organizations. There are numerous potential benefits associated with accreditation in public health, one …
Healthcare For Persons With Intellectual And Developmental Disability In The Community, David A. Ervin, Brian Hennen, Joav Merrick, Mohammed Morad
Healthcare For Persons With Intellectual And Developmental Disability In The Community, David A. Ervin, Brian Hennen, Joav Merrick, Mohammed Morad
Pediatrics Faculty Publications
INTRODUCTION: While there has been impressive progress in creating and improving community healthcare delivery systems that support people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD), there is much more that can and should be done.
METHODS: This paper offers a review of healthcare delivery concepts on which new models are being developed, while also establishing an historical context. We review the need for creating fully integrated models of healthcare, and at the same time offer practical considerations that range from specific healthcare delivery system components to the need to expand our approach to training healthcare providers. The models and delivery systems, …
Infectious Diseases, Bert Chapman
Infectious Diseases, Bert Chapman
Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research
Provides information about the role of infectious diseases in the early years of U.S. History, with particular emphasis on how they impacted injuries sustained in military conflict.
Primary Care: Mental And Behavioral Health And Persons With Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities, David A. Ervin, Ashley Williams, Joav Merrick
Primary Care: Mental And Behavioral Health And Persons With Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities, David A. Ervin, Ashley Williams, Joav Merrick
Pediatrics Faculty Publications
INTRODUCTION: There are multiple ways to address the mental and behavioral health needs of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD).
METHOD: In this paper, we do not argue for a particular approach or set of approaches, but instead review the benefits of integrating mental and behavioral health supports with primary healthcare based primarily on our experience in and understanding of healthcare systems in the United States. It is estimated that between 35 and 40% of people with IDD also live with psychiatric disorders. NADD, an association for persons with developmental disabilities and mental health needs in the US holds …
Social Actors Fight The Rising Tide Of Hiv In U.S. Southern Poor, Courtenay Sprague, Sara E. Simon
Social Actors Fight The Rising Tide Of Hiv In U.S. Southern Poor, Courtenay Sprague, Sara E. Simon
Center for Peace, Democracy and Development Publications
The greatest number of persons living with HIV in the United States are now living in the South, and they face poorer health outcomes and increased AIDS-related deaths as compared to the rest of the country. The southern United States has a disproportionate share of low-income individuals, with many lacking access to health care and health insurance. Health facilities are also comparatively fewer and more difficult to reach than in other areas of the United States. The impacts of this already poor health infrastructure on low-income people living with HIV in the South can be life-threatening.
This policy brief summarizes …
Primary Care: Mental And Behavioral Health And Persons With Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities, David A. Ervin, Ashley Williams, Joav Merrick
Primary Care: Mental And Behavioral Health And Persons With Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities, David A. Ervin, Ashley Williams, Joav Merrick
Public Health Faculty Publications
Introduction: There are multiple ways to address the mental and behavioral health needs of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD).
Method: In this paper, we do not argue for a particular approach or set of approaches, but instead review the benefits of integrating mental and behavioral health supports with primary healthcare based primarily on our experience in and understanding of healthcare systems in the United States. It is estimated that between 35 and 40% of people with IDD also live with psychiatric disorders. NADD, an association for persons with developmental disabilities and mental health needs in the US holds …
Healthcare For Persons With Intellectual And Developmental Disability In The Community, David A. Ervin, Brian Hennan, Joav Merrick, Mohammed Morad
Healthcare For Persons With Intellectual And Developmental Disability In The Community, David A. Ervin, Brian Hennan, Joav Merrick, Mohammed Morad
Public Health Faculty Publications
Introduction: While there has been impressive progress in creating and improving commu- nity healthcare delivery systems that support people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD), there is much more that can and should be done.
Methods: This paper offers a review of healthcare delivery concepts on which new models are being developed, while also establishing an historical context. We review the need for creating fully integrated models of healthcare, and at the same time offer practical consid- erations that range from specific healthcare delivery system components to the need to expand our approach to training healthcare providers. The models and …
Use Of System Dynamics Modeling To Explicate The Theory-Of-Change Of A Social Marketing Innovation, Brian J. Biroscak
Use Of System Dynamics Modeling To Explicate The Theory-Of-Change Of A Social Marketing Innovation, Brian J. Biroscak
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Community coalitions are an important part of the public health milieu and thus subject to many of the same external pressures as public health organizations--including changes in required strategic orientation. Many funding agencies have shifted their funding agenda from program development to policy change. Thus, the Florida Prevention Research Center created the Community-Based Prevention Marketing for Policy Development framework to teach community coalitions how to apply social marketing to policy change. The dissertation research reported here was designed to explicate the framework's theory-of-change. The research question was: "What are the linkages and connections between CBPM inputs, activities, immediate outcomes, intermediate …