Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Treatment Outcomes From The Tdc: A Look At Smoking Cessation Among Patients With Co-Occurring Disorders, Chizimuzo T.C. Okoli

Chizimuzo T.C. Okoli

Summary of Key Findings •Smoking abstinence at end of program:

–Intent to treat analysis: 32.2%(83/258) –Among program completers: 41.3%(83/201)

•Significant predictors of abstinence : –Having an alcohol, heroin (or other opioid) or marijuana use history was a significant predictor of being less likely to quit smoking when compared to having no history of substance use disorder. –Having a lower CO level at program enrolment was a significant predictor of being more likely to quit –Attending the TDC program for a longer duration was a significant predictor of being more likely to quit.

Creating A Tobacco-Free Residential Substance Abuse Treatment Facility: A Toolkit For Designing An Effective Intervention, Carrie F. Whitney

Public Health Theses

Individuals with a substance addiction and/or mental illness use tobacco at rates much higher than the general population. Approximately 21% of the U.S. population smokes, yet 40%-80% of substance abuse and mental health patients smoke and consume more than 44% of all the cigarettes sold in the United States each year. As a result, these individuals experience increased tobacco related morbidity and mortality. Tobacco use is common and accepted within this population, and has become a norm even within treatment programs. Only 30%-40% of treatment facilities offer smoking cessation resources, and many organizations are hesitant to address cessation or to …

Gender-Specific Profiles Of Tobacco Use Among Non-Institutionalized People With Serious Mental Illness, Joy L. Johnson, Pamela A. Ratner, Leslie A. Malchy, Chizimuzo T.C. Okoli, Ric M. Procyshyn, Joan L. Bottorff, Marlee Groening, Annette Schultz, Marg Osborne

Chizimuzo T.C. Okoli

Background: In many countries, smoking remains the leading preventable cause of death. In North America, reductions in population smoking levels are stabilising and, in recent years, those involved in tobacco control programming have turned their attention to particular segments of society that are at greatest risk for tobacco use. One such group is people with mental illness. A picture of tobacco use patterns among those with mental illness is beginning to emerge; however, there are several unanswered questions. In particular, most studies have been limited to particular in-patient groups. In addition, while it is recognised that men and women differ …

Smoking Cessation Outcomes Among Individuals With Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder History And Mental Illness, Chizimuzo T.C. Okoli

Chizimuzo T.C. Okoli

BACKGROUND: A history of substance use disorder and/or mental illness is associated with tobacco use. However, there is limited information available on tobacco dependence treatment outcomes in such populations. OBJECTIVES: To examine the effects of a history of substance use disorder and/or mental illness on smoking cessation outcomes. METHODS: Data from 202 participants enrolled in a tobacco treatment program were analyzed. Information on sociodemographics, tobacco use and quit attempt history, social supports for quitting, Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence scores, importance and confidence in quitting smoking, expired carbon monoxide level, substance use history, mental health history, and previous pharmacotherapy use …

Partnership Development Among Mental Health Organizations, Alicia C. Bunger

Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Mental health organizations can play a key role in enhancing youths' access to care by working together to bridge gaps in service delivery systems. This dissertation study examines partnerships among a network of children's behavioral health organizations. The specific aims are to (1) describe and understand the network of partnerships among members of the Children's Services Coalition, (2) assess the capacity of the system to provide coordinated service delivery, and (3) test how patterns of organizational characteristics influence conditions that facilitate and inhibit partnerships among the Children's Service Coalition organizations.

This dissertation is a predominantly quantitative cross-sectional network study of …

Mental Health And Women’S Receipt Of Recommended Preventive Care, Melanie M. Race

Muskie School Capstones and Dissertations

Recent studies have suggested that individuals with mental health conditions experience higher morbidity and mortality than individuals without mental disorders (Colton and Manderscheid, 2006; Osborn et al., 2007). Improving health outcomes for individuals with mental health conditions may require that providers, policymakers, and insurers pay particular attention to the primary care provided to these individuals. High-quality primary care means having a usual source of care and receiving appropriate preventive care, including routine physical examinations and recommended screenings. Some studies suggest that women with mental health conditions receive preventive care at lower rates than women without mental health conditions.

Smoking Cessation In Patients With Substance Use Disorders: The Vancouver Coastal Health Tobacco Dependence Clinic, Milan Khara, Chizimuzo T.C. Okoli

Chizimuzo T.C. Okoli

Summary of Key Findings •Smoking abstinence at end of program:

–Intent to treat analysis: 32.2%(83/258) –Among program completers: 41.3%(83/201)

•Significant predictors of abstinence : –Having an alcohol, heroin (or other opioid) or marijuana use history was a significant predictor of being less likely to quit smoking when compared to having no history of substance use disorder. –Having a lower CO level at program enrolment was a significant predictor of being more likely to quit –Attending the TDC program for a longer duration was a significant predictor of being more likely to quit.

The Relationship Between Treatment-Seeking And Characteristics Of Depression Among African Americans, Tamara Scott

Theses and Dissertations

Objective: Depression is a common psychiatric condition, and despite the availability of effective treatments, this condition is largely under-recognized and undertreated, particularly among African Americans. One reason for this discrepancy may be that depressive symptoms often co-occur with physical health conditions, which can influence both the reporting of depressive symptomology, willingness to seek care, and the type of healthcare provider sought. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between treatment-seeking characteristics and diagnostic attributions of depression among community-dwelling African American adults. Methods: Data come from the National Survey of American Life, a nationally representative sample of African …

Institutional Policy Changes Aimed At Addressing Obesity Among Mental Health Clients, Linda L. Knol, Kelly Pritchett, Jeri Dunkin

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

Background
People with mental illness often experience unique barriers to healthy eating and physical activity. For these clients, interventions should focus on changes in the immediate environment to change behaviors. The purpose of this project was to implement and evaluate policy changes that would limit calorie intake and increase calorie expenditure of clients receiving mental health services.

Context
This intervention was implemented in a rural mental health system in the southeastern United States. Clients live in small group homes, where they are served breakfast, dinner, and a snack, and attend outpatient day treatment programs, where they are served lunch and …

Enhanced Psychosocial Well-Being Following Participation In A Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program Is Associated With Increased Natural Killer Cell Activity., Carolyn Y Fang, Diane K Reibel, Margaret L Longacre, Steven Rosenzweig, Donald E Campbell, Steven D Douglas

Marcus Institute of Integrative Health Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) programs have consistently been shown to enhance the psychosocial well-being of participants. Given the well-established association between psychosocial factors and immunologic functioning, it has been hypothesized that enhanced psychosocial well-being among MBSR participants would be associated with corresponding changes in markers of immune activity.

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to examine changes in psychosocial and immunologic measures in a heterogeneous patient sample following participation in a MBSR program.

DESIGN: A single-group, pretest/post-test design was utilized.

SETTING: The intervention was conducted at an academic health center.

SUBJECTS: This pilot study involved 24 participants (aged …

Review: Community-Based Participatory Research Approach To Address Mental Health In Minority Populations, Mona Shattell, Jeanne Stacciarini, Maria Coady-Madden, Brenda Wiens

Mona Shattell

In this review, a synthesis of studies employing community-based participatory research (CBPR) to address mental health problems of minorities, strengths and challenges of the CBPR approach with minority populations are highlighted. Despite the fact that minority community members voiced a need for innovative approaches to address culturally unique issues, findings revealed that most researchers continued to use the traditional methods in which they were trained. Moreover, researchers continued to view mental health treatment from a health service perspective.

Mental Health And Coping Styles Among Adolescent Offsprings Of Patients With Depressive Disorders, J Prownebon, U. Trangkasombat

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

วัตถุประสงค์ : เพื่อศึกษาภาวะสุขภาพจิต วิธีจัดการกับปัญหา และปัจจัยที่เกี่ยวข้องในบุตรวัยรุ่นของผู้ป่วยโรคซึมเศร้ากลุ่มตัวอย่าง : บุตรวัยรุ่นของผู้ป่วยโรคซึมเศร้าที่มารับการรักษาที่แผนกผู้ป่วยนอก โรงพยาบาลจุฬาลงกรณ์และโรงพยาบาลศรีธัญญา จำนวน 61 คนระเบียบวิธีการวิจัย : โดยใช้แบบสอบถามข้อมูลทั่วไป แบบสอบถามดัชนีชี้วัดสุขภาพจิต คนไทยฉบับสั้น (TMHI-15 ) และแบบสอบถามวิธีจัดการกับปัญหา วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลโดยใช้โปรแกรมทางสถิติ SPSS ที่ระดับนัยสำคัญ P<.05ผลการศึกษา : 1) ผลการศึกษาพบว่ากลุ่มตัวอย่างส่วนใหญ่มีภาวะสุขภาพจิตอยู่ในระดับดีเท่ากับค่าเฉลี่ยของคนทั่วไป (ร้อยละ 39.3) 2) วิธีจัดการกับปัญหาที่กลุ่มตัวอย่างส่วนใหญ่เลือกใช้บ่อยมากที่สุด ได้แก่ การนอนหลับ (ร้อยละ 80.3)วิธีที่เลือกใช้บ่อยน้อยที่สุด ได้แก่ ไปหาผู้เชี่ยวชาญในการให้คำปรึกษาอื่น ๆเช่น จิตแพทย์ นักจิตวิทยา (ร้อยละ 93.4) 3) ส่วนวิธีจัดการกับปัญหาที่เกี่ยวข้องกับคะแนนสุขภาพจิตอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ เช่น การวาดฝันถึงสิ่งอยากจะให้มี อยากจะให้เป็น และการพยายามใช้เหตุผลและพูดคุยประนีประนอมกับบิดามารดา เป็นต้น 4) ปัจจัยอื่น ๆ ที่เกี่ยวข้องกับคะแนนสุขภาพจิตอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ เช่น คะแนนเฉลี่ยสะสม ระดับการศึกษาของบิดา บุคคลที่ปรึกษาเมื่อมีเรื่องที่ไม่สบายใจ ความสัมพันธ์กับบิดาความสัมพันธ์กับมารดา การทำกิจกรรมร่วมกันในครอบครัว จำนวนเพื่อนสนิทและความสัมพันธ์โดยรวมกับเพื่อน ๆผลสรุป : บุตรวัยรุ่นของผู้ป่วยโรคซึมเศร้าส่วนใหญ่มีมีภาวะสุขภาพจิตเท่ากับค่าเฉลี่ยของคนทั่วไป จึงควรมีการสนับสนุน ปัจจัยและวิธีจัดการกับปัญหาที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการมีสุขภาพจิตดีให้มีประสิทธิภาพมากขึ้น เพื่อช่วยส่งเสริมให้วัยรุ่นที่มีบิดามารดาป่วยเป็นโรคซึมเศร้าประสบความสำเร็จ.

Mental Health And Chronic Disease, Marlene B. Huff, Kimberly K. Mcclanahan, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

By 2015, worldwide, 1.2 billion children aged 5-14 years will have some kind of significant chronic disease. Although scientific evidence indicates that children with chronic illness have more mental health issues than their healthy peers, many controversies and gaps in the literature exist. It is imperative that an understanding of the effects of chronic illness upon the mental health status of children and adolescents be undertaken. This chapter uses a biopsychosocial perspective to investigate the connection between chronic illness and mental health. The intent of the chapter is to suggest ways that medical and mental health professionals can provide services …

Intensive Tobacco Dependence Treatment For Clients With Substance Use Disorder And/Or Mental Illness, Milan Khara, Chizimuzo T.C. Okoli

Chizimuzo T.C. Okoli

BACKGROUND •Drug treatment populations are disproportionately affected by morbidity and mortality due to tobacco use. However, with appropriately intensive intervention, individuals in drug treatment settings can succeed in their efforts towards smoking cessation. •The Tobacco Dependence Clinic (TDC) is a program that provides smoking cessation counseling and up to 26 weeks of free pharmacotherapy for clients through Vancouver Coastal Health Addiction Services , British Columbia, Canada. There are currently three clinic sites: Pacific Spirit, Three Bridges, and Downtown Community Health Centre (DCHC). •The purpose of this study is to provide 2-year pilot evaluation data (in terms of program completion and …

Youth In India: Situation And Needs 2006-2007—Executive Summary, International Institute For Population Sciences (Iips), Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This executive summary presents, in brief, findings from the Youth in India: Situation and Needs study, a subnational study undertaken by the International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai and the Population Council, New Delhi to collect information on key transitions experienced by youth in India, including those related to education, workforce participation, sexual activity, marriage, health, and civic participation. The magnitude and patterns of young people’s sexual and reproductive practices before, within, and outside of marriage, as well as related knowledge, decisionmaking, and attitudes, is also assessed. The project was implemented in six states of India, namely, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, …

Youth In India: Situation And Needs 2006–2007, International Institute For Population Sciences (Iips), Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This report is the result of a subnational study undertaken by the International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai and the Population Council, New Delhi as part of a project to collect information on key transitions experienced by youth in India. The project was implemented in six states of India, namely, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, and Tamil Nadu. The report offers a roadmap for programs and priorities that aim to address young people’s needs. More than 50,000 young people were interviewed in the study, providing a robust picture of youth in India and a wealth of evidence on almost …

Youth In India: Situation And Needs 2006-2007—Executive Summary, Andhra Pradesh, International Institute For Population Sciences (Iips), Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This study, implemented by the International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai and the Population Council, New Delhi is the first-ever subnationally representative study conducted to identify key transitions experienced by married and unmarried youth in India. In recognition of the importance of investing in young people, several national policies and programs formulated since 2000 have underscored a commitment to addressing the multiple needs of this group in India. Effective implementation of policies and programs, however, has been handicapped by lack of evidence on young people’s situation and needs. This study focused on married and unmarried young women and unmarried young …

Health Consequences Of Violence Within Marriage: Need For Strengthening The Health Sector Response, Shireen J. Jejeebhoy, K.G. Santhya, Rajib Acharya

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This policy brief provides a synthesis of available evidence of the magnitude of marital violence experienced by women, including married young women, in India, and the ways in which the experience of physical and sexual violence within marriage compromises health, with a focus on sexual, reproductive, and child health, as well as mental health. It argues for strengthening the health sector response to address the needs of women who have experienced marital violence. Findings underscore the urgent need to strengthen efforts to prevent the incidence of marital violence. Recommendations include: sscreening and referring women who experience marital violence, screening activities …

Improving Quality Of Health Care For Gender-Based Violence Victims At Health Facilities In Viet Nam, Mai Quoc Tung, Meiwita P. Budiharsana, Nguyen Thi Phuong Lan, Jane H. Patten

Reproductive Health

This report presents the results of the May 2009 baseline (pre-intervention) assessment among health care providers (HCPs), and the July 2010 pre- and post-Training of Trainers assessments among HCPs, in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) and Da Nang, regarding the issue of quality of care for victims of gender-based violence (GBV) at health facilities in Vietnam. The views of HCPs detailed in this report represent an important foundation for project development and implementation in the study locations. The pre- and post-Training of Trainers questionnaire aimed to assess the HCPs on the topics covered in the training course. The results showed …

Associations Between Mental Health And Diabetes: Findings From The South Carolina Medicaid Managed Care Program In 2006-2008, Ana Lopez-De Fede, James W. Hardin, Kathy L. Mayfield-Smith, Qiduan Liu

Publications

Objectives: To assess differences in services associated with mental health status and prescriptions among Medicaid patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Design: Secondary data analyses of South Carolina (SC) Medicaid enrollees. Participants: SC Medicaid enrollees with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (N5555) continuously enrolled in either managed care (MC) or fee for service (FFS) programs between 2006 and 2008. Main Outcome Measures: Health Plan Employer Data and Information Set (HEDIS)- based diabetes management service outcomes including: 1) whether the recipient received a nephrology exam; 2) the number of eye exams received; 3) the number of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol services received; and …

Health And Social Consequences Of Marital Violence: A Synthesis Of Evidence From India, Shireen J. Jejeebhoy, K.G. Santhya, Rajib Acharya

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This review paper was produced with support from UNFPA (United Nations Population Fund), and synthesizes what is known about the health and social consequences of marital violence for women in India. The review focuses on sexual, reproductive and child health consequences, including contraceptive use, experience of symptoms of infection, pregnancy-related care, unintended pregnancy and abortion, fetal, perinatal and early childhood mortality; maternal and child nutrition; and mental health outcomes. It also reviews evidence of a range of social outcomes including substance use, women's autonomy and self-efficacy; and inter-generational effects (witnessing parental violence when growing up).

Youth In India: Situation And Needs 2006-2007, Andhra Pradesh, International Institute For Population Sciences (Iips), Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This report is the result of a sub-national study undertaken by the International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai and the Population Council, New Delhi, as part of a project to collect information on key transitions experienced by youth in India, including those related to education, work force participation, sexual activity, marriage, health and civic participation; the magnitude and patterns of young people’s sexual and reproductive practices before, within and outside of marriage as well as related knowledge, decision-making and attitudes. The project was implemented in six states of India: Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, and Tamil Nadu.

Mental Disorders And The "System Of Judgmental Responsibility", Anita L. Allen

All Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.