Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Managing Complications Of Radiation Therapy In Head And Neck Cancer Patients: Part Ii. Management Of Radiation-Induced Caries, W. L. Chai, W.C. Ngeow, R. Ramli, R. A. Rahman

Wei Cheong Ngeow

Head and neck cancer is becoming a more recognizable pathology to the general population and dentists. The modes of treatment include surgery and/or radiation therapy. Where possible, pretreatment dental assessment shall be provided for these patients before they undergo radiation therapy. There are occasions, however, whereby head and neck cancer patients are not prepared optimally for radiation therapy. Because of this, they succumb to complicated oral complications after radiation therapy. The management of xerostomia has been reviewed in Part I of this series. In this article, the management of dental caries, a sequalae of xerostomia following radiation therapy is reviewed. …

Managing Complications Of Radiation Therapy In Head And Neck Cancer Patients: Part I. Management Of Xerostomia, W.C. Ngeow, W. L. Chai, R. A. Rahman, R. Ramli

Wei Cheong Ngeow

Head and neck cancer is becoming a more recognizable pathology to the general population and dentists. The modes of treatment include surgery and/or radiation therapy. Where possible, pretreatment dental assessment shall be provided for these patients before they receive radiation therapy. There are occasions, however, whereby head and neck cancer patients are not prepared optimally for radiation therapy. Because of this, they succumb to complicated oral adverse effects after radiation therapy. Part I of this series reviews the management of xerostomia. The management of the effect of xerostomia to the dentition/oral cavity is discussed in Part II. © 2006 Elsevier. …

Managing Complications Of Radiation Therapy In Head And Neck Cancer Patients: Part V. Management Of Mucositis, W.C. Ngeow, W. L. Chai, R. A. Rahman, R. Ramli

Wei Cheong Ngeow

Head and neck cancer is becoming a more recognizable pathology to the general population and dentists. The modes of treatment include surgery and/or radiation therapy. Where possible, pretreatment dental assessment shall be provided for these patients before they undergo radiation therapy. There are occasions, however, whereby head and neck cancer patients are not prepared optimally for radiation therapy. Because of this, they succumb to complicated oral adverse effects after radiation therapy. The second last part of this series reviews and discusses the management of complication that commonly occur to the oral mucosa, i.e. mucositis. © 2006 Elsevier. All rights reserved.

Managing Complications Of Radiation Therapy In Head And Neck Cancer Patients: Part Vi. Management Of Opportunistic Infections, W.C. Ngeow, W. L. Chai, R. Ramli, R. A. Rahman

Wei Cheong Ngeow

Head and neck cancer is becoming a more recognizable pathology to the general population and dentists. The modes of treatment include surgery and/or radiation therapy. Where possible, pretreatment dental assessment shall be provided for these patients before they undergo radiation therapy. There are occasions, however, whereby head and neck cancer patients are not prepared optimally for radiation therapy. Because of this, they succumb to complicated oral adverse effects after radiation therapy. The last part of this series reviews the opportunistic infections that can occur to the perioral structure. Their management is briefly discussed. © 2006 Elsevier. All rights reserved.

Managing Complications Of Radiation Therapy In Head And Neck Cancer Patients: Part Iv. Management Of Osteoradionecrosis, R. Ramli, W.C. Ngeow, R. A. Rahman, W. L. Chai

Wei Cheong Ngeow

Head and neck cancer is becoming a more recognizable pathology to the general population and dentists. The modes of treatment include surgery and/or radiation therapy. Pretreatment dental assessment should be provided for these patients before they undergo radiation therapy. There are occasions, however, whereby head and neck cancer patients are not prepared optimally and, as a result, they succumb to complicated oral adverse effects after radiation therapy. Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) is a severe debilitating condition that impairs healing due to reduction in vascularity and osteocyte population in the affected bone. This article reviews methods of treatment used to treat ORN such …

Transient Loss Of Power Of Accommodation In 1 Eye Following Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block: Report Of 2 Cases, W.C. Ngeow, C. K. Shim, W. L. Chai

Wei Cheong Ngeow

Unintended intravascular injection from inferior alveolar nerve blocks can result in frustrating distant complications affecting such structures as the middle ear and eyes. Possible complications affecting the eyes include blurring of vision, diplopia, mydriasis, palpebral ptosis and amaurosis ( temporary or permanent). In this article, we present a complication that has been reported only rarely. Two patients developed transient loss of power of accommodation of the eye resulting in blurred vision after routine inferior alveolar nerve blocks on the ipsilateral side. Clear vision returned within 10 - 15 minutes after completion of the blocks. The possible explanation for this phenomenon …

Managing Complications Of Radiation Therapy In Head And Neck Cancer Patients: Part Iii. Provision Of Dentures, R. A. Rahman, W.C. Ngeow, W. L. Chai, R. Ramli

Wei Cheong Ngeow

Head and neck cancer is becoming a more recognizable pathology to the general population and dentists. The modes of treatment include surgery and/or radiation therapy. Pretreatment dental assessment should be provided for these patients before they undergo radiation therapy. There are occasions, however, whereby head and neck cancer patients are not prepared optimally and, as a result, they succumb to complicated oral adverse effects after radiation therapy. The management of radiation-induced caries, a sequelae of xerostomia has been reviewed in Part II of this series. In this article, the management of difficulty with dentures, another sequelae of xerostomia following radiation …

Exposure To Environmentally Relevant Doses Of The Xenoestrogen Bisphenol-A Alters Development Of The Fetal Mouse Mammary Gland, Laura Vandenberg, Maricel V. Maffini, Perinaaz R. Wadia, Carlos Sonnenschein, Beverly S. Rubin, Ana M. Soto

Laura Vandenberg

Humans are routinely exposed to bisphenol-A (BPA), an estrogenic compound that leaches from dental materials, food and beverage containers, and other plastic consumer products. Effects of perinatal BPA exposure on the mouse mammary gland have been observed in puberty and adulthood, long after the period of exposure has ended. The aim of this study was to examine fetal mammary gland development at embryonic day (E)18 and assess changes in the tissue organization and histoarchitecture after exposure to an environmentally relevant dose of BPA. In unexposed fetuses, the relative position of the fetus with respect to its female and male siblings …

Evidence Of Altered Brain Sexual Differentiation In Mice Exposed Perinatally To Low, Environmentally Relevant Levels Of Bisphenol A, Beverly S. Rubin, Jenny R. Lenkowski, Cheryl M. Schaeberle, Laura Vandenberg, Paul M. Ronsheim, Ana M. Soto

Laura Vandenberg

Humans are routinely exposed to bisphenol A (BPA), an estrogenic chemical present in food and beverage containers, dental composites, and many products in the home and workplace. BPA binds both classical nuclear estrogen receptors and facilitates membrane-initiated estrogenic effects. Here we explore the ability of environmentally relevant exposure to BPA to affect anatomical and functional measures of brain development and sexual differentiation. Anatomical evidence of alterations in brain sexual differentiation were examined in male and female offspring born to mouse dams exposed to 0, 25, or 250 ng BPA/kg body weight per day from the evening of d 8 of …

The Insecure Airway: A Comparison Of Knots And Commercial Devices For Securing Endotracheal Tubes, Paris B. Lovett

Paris B Lovett

Abstract Background: Endotracheal Tubes (ETTs) are commonly secured using adhesive tape, cloth tape, or commercial devices. The objectives of the study were (1) To compare degrees of movement of ETTs secured with 6 different commercial devices and (2) To compare movement of ETTs secured with cloth tape tied with 3 different knots (hitches). Methods: A 17 cm diameter PVC tube with 14 mm "mouth" hole in the side served as a mannequin. ETTs were subjected to repeated jerks, using a cable and pulley system. Measurements: (1) Total movement of ETTs relative to "mouth" (measure used for devices) (2) Slippage of …

Maine State Government's Worksite Wellness Program, William C. Mcpeck

William C. McPeck

This is an unpublished report I wrote for Maine Governor John Baldacci to share with the National Governor's Association. The report reflects the history and current initiatives of Maine State Government's employee wellness program.

Hall’S Essay On An Authentic Meaning Of Medicalization: An Extended Discourse, Mona Shattell, W. Richard Cowling, Marty Todd

Mona Shattell

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Mouthrinses On Surface Microhardness Of Selected Dental Composites, Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim Abu Kasim N.H.

Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim Abu Kasim N.H.

Objective: To compare the surface microhardness of composites(Spectrum®TPH, Filtek™Z350, Ceram•X mono and Ceram•X duo-enamel shade) before and after immersion in alcohol containing mouthrinses (Listerine), alcohol-free mouthrinses (Oral-B) and experimental herbal mouthrinses based on plant extract (mouthrinses X, Y and Z). Methods: 60 disc-shaped specimens of approximately 10mm x 2mm were perpared from various composites using perspex split mould and was cured for 40 seconds. The irradiated surface was polished using Sof-Lex pop-on polishing discs. The specimens were randomly divided to 6 groups. Microhardness was recorded before immersion (control group) using a load of 200g for 15 seconds using Vickers microhardness …

Shear Bond Strength Of Orthodontic Adhesives On Different Tooth Types: An In Vitro Study, Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim Abu Kasim N.H.

Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim Abu Kasim N.H.

Introduction: Owing to the variety of materials and methods employed, comparison of the results and findings from bonding studies is difficult. Until recently, several types of teeth have been used in published research papers as a substrate in orthodontic bonding research including bovine incisors, fresh and rebonded human premolars. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the shear bond strength of an adhesive bonded to different tooth surfaces (human premolar, bovine incisor and rebonded human premolar). Methods: Two groups of thirty premolar teeth and one group of bovine incisors had brackets attached in a standardized manner using Transbond …

Multiple Intelligences And Academic Performance Among Malaysian Undergraduate Dental Students, Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim Abu Kasim N.H.

Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim Abu Kasim N.H.

Objectives: To identify the nature of multiple intelligences among dental students and investigate the relationship between these intelligences and performance in the various skill areas of dentistry. Methods: Sixty-one final year dental students at the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya in Malaysia were administered a Multiple Intelligence Inventory [(MII), David Larear, 1991)] after their final written examinations. MII comprised 80 4-point likert items assessing eight types of multiple intelligences: Verbal/Linguistic, Visual Spatial, Logical Mathematical, Musical Rhythmic, Intra Personal, Body Kinesthetic, Inter Personal and Naturalist. These intelligences were correlated with six academic performance scores: Amalgam Class II, Composite, Crown & …

Investigating Examiner Consistency In Criterion-Based Assessment Using Rasch Measurement, Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim Abu Kasim N.H.

Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim Abu Kasim N.H.

In the implementation of criterion-based assessment some disparities in the interpretation of the assessment criteria have been observed.Therefore it is essential that a standardization exercise be carried out to ensure equitable and fair assessment. Objectives: The purpose of the study was to evaluate inter-examiner variability and examiners' internal consistency in applying a criterion-based assessment. Method: The subjects consisted of 9 full-time staff of the Department of Conservative Dentistry, University of Malaya, 4 part-time staff and 2 postgraduate students. One buccally-approached and one palatally-approached Class III cavity preparation were assessed according to a set of criteria developed by the department. Both …

Talking It Over With The Gals: An Analysis Of Editorials By Phyllis Stern, Sandra Thomas

Sandra Thomas

Editorials written by a journal editor proved a glimpse of that individual's philosophy and opinions about topical events. The purpose of the present project was to analyze the editorials of Phyllis Noerager Stern during the years that she served as editor-in-chief of Health Care for Women International (1983-2001). Using ethnographic content analysis, 65 editorials were examined to ascertain: (1) what event triggered the editorial; (2) what aim or objective could be identified; and (3) what rhetorical devices the editor employed. Personal narratives and editorials about the abuse/exploitation of women made up the largest categories. Stern's grounded theory orientation, fascination with …

Nlm Database Central: The First Place To Look For Your Phsr Research Data, F. Douglas Scutchfield Md

F. Douglas Scutchfield MD

No abstract provided.

Non-Extraction Orthodontic Treatment In Management Of Moderately Crowded Class Ii Division 2 Malocclusion: A Case Report, Othman S. A.

Siti Adibah Othman

A case report of a 13-year old male presented in his mixed dentition stage with a Class II division 2 incisor relationship on a mild Class II skeletal base, complicated by an increased overbite, retroclined upper and lower incisors (bimaxillary retroclination) and moderate crowding in the upper and lower labial segments. Treatment was undertaken without extraction employing an upper removable appliance with a flat anterior bite plane to correct the overbite, and an anterior screw to proclined the upper incisors while waiting for the eruption of the permanent teeth. Pre-adjusted edgewise fixed appliances were placed in the lower arch, then …

An Ethnographic Study Of The Social Context Of Migrant Health In The United States, Seth M. Holmes Phd, Md

Seth M. Holmes PhD, MD

Background

Migrant workers in the United States have extremely poor health. This paper aims to identify ways in which the social context of migrant farm workers affects their health and health care.

Methods and Findings

This qualitative study employs participant observation and interviews on farms and in clinics throughout 15 months of migration with a group of indigenous Triqui Mexicans in the western US and Mexico. Study participants include more than 130 farm workers and 30 clinicians. Data are analyzed utilizing grounded theory, accompanied by theories of structural violence, symbolic violence, and the clinical gaze. The study reveals that farm …

Auditory Inhibitory Gating In Medial Prefrontal Cortex: Single Unit And Local Field Potential Analysis, Howard C. Cromwell

Howard Casey Cromwell

Medial prefrontal cortex is a crucial region involved in inhibitory processes. Damage to the medial prefrontal cortex can lead to loss of normal inhibitory control over motor, sensory, emotional and cognitive functions. The goal of the present study was to examine the basic properties of inhibitory gating in this brain region in rats. Inhibitory gating has recently been proposed as a neurophysiological assay for sensory filters in higher brain regions that potentially enable or disable information throughput. This perspective has important clinical relevance due to the findings that gating is dramatically impaired in individuals with emotional and cognitive impairments (i.e. …