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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Is The Australian Smoking Population Hardening?, Tanya Buchanan, Christopher A. Magee, Ezinne Oyidia Igwe, Peter James Kelly
Is The Australian Smoking Population Hardening?, Tanya Buchanan, Christopher A. Magee, Ezinne Oyidia Igwe, Peter James Kelly
Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute
Background The hardening hypothesis proposes that as smoking rates decline, the remaining smokers will become hardcore and resistant to quitting. This group of highly resistant quitters will potentially require more individualistic approaches to cessation and harm reduction. The harm reduction approach (specifically e-cigarettes) has been proposed as an option to address hardened Australian smokers. We tested the hardening hypothesis by analysing the rates of hardcore smoking in the Australian smoking population between 2010-2016. Methods Data were drawn from three waves of the National Drug Strategy Household Survey (NDSHS) in 2010, 2013 and 2016. Two different definitions were used to assess …
Australian And New Zealand Medical Students' Attitudes And Confidence Towards Providing Nutrition Care In Practice, Breanna Marie Lepre, Jennifer Crowley, Dineo Mpe, Harsh Bhoopatkar, Kylie J. Mansfield, Clare Wall, Eleanor J. Beck
Australian And New Zealand Medical Students' Attitudes And Confidence Towards Providing Nutrition Care In Practice, Breanna Marie Lepre, Jennifer Crowley, Dineo Mpe, Harsh Bhoopatkar, Kylie J. Mansfield, Clare Wall, Eleanor J. Beck
Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute
The prevalence of lifestyle-related chronic disease is increasing. Doctors in primary care are ideally placed to support patient nutrition care, but recent reviews show education is still lacking. This study aimed to identify medical students’ attitudes towards the role of nutrition in health, nutrition knowledge, and perceptions of nutrition education, in postgraduate (Australia) and undergraduate (New Zealand) programs in order to identify gaps in nutrition knowledge and skills to better inform future education. Second-year graduate and third-year undergraduate students participated in semi-structured focus groups and interviews. A general inductive approach was used to investigate students’ 1) attitudes toward the role …
Effectiveness Of Quality Incentive Payments In General Practice (Equip-Gp): A Study Protocol For A Cluster-Randomised Trial Of An Outcomes-Based Funding Model In Australian General Practice To Improve Patient Care, Gregory Peterson, Grant Russell, Jan Radford, Nicholas Arnold Zwar, Danielle Mazza, Simon Eckermann, Judy Mullan, Marijka Batterham, Athena Hammond, Andrew D. Bonney
Effectiveness Of Quality Incentive Payments In General Practice (Equip-Gp): A Study Protocol For A Cluster-Randomised Trial Of An Outcomes-Based Funding Model In Australian General Practice To Improve Patient Care, Gregory Peterson, Grant Russell, Jan Radford, Nicholas Arnold Zwar, Danielle Mazza, Simon Eckermann, Judy Mullan, Marijka Batterham, Athena Hammond, Andrew D. Bonney
Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute
Background There is international interest in whether improved primary care, in particular for patients with chronic or complex conditions, can lead to decreased use of health resources and whether financial incentives help achieve this goal. This trial (EQuIP-GP) will investigate whether a funding model based upon targeted, continuous quality incentive payments for Australian general practices increases relational continuity of care, and lessens health-service utilisation, for high-risk patients and children. Methods We will use a mixed methods approach incorporating a two-arm pragmatic cluster randomised control trial with nested qualitative case studies. We aim to recruit 36 general practices from Practice-Based Research …
Dietary Iodine Intake Of The Australian Population After Introduction Of A Mandatory Iodine Fortification Programme, Karen E. Charlton, Yasmine Probst, Gabriella Kiene
Dietary Iodine Intake Of The Australian Population After Introduction Of A Mandatory Iodine Fortification Programme, Karen E. Charlton, Yasmine Probst, Gabriella Kiene
Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute
To address mild iodine deficiency in Australia, a mandatory fortification program of iodised salt in bread was implemented in 2009. This study aimed to determine factors associated with achieving an adequate dietary iodine intake in the Australian population post-fortification, and to assess whether bread consumption patterns affect iodine intake in high-risk groups. Using nationally representative data of repeated 24-h dietary recalls from the 2011-2012 Australian National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey, dietary iodine intakes and food group contributions were compared by age, socioeconomic status (SES), and geographical remoteness (N = 7735). The association between fortified bread intake and adequacy …
Identification Of Dietary Patterns Associated With Blood Pressure In A Sample Of Overweight Australian Adults, Shirin Anil, Karen E. Charlton, Linda C. Tapsell, Yasmine Probst, Rhoda Ndanuko, Marijka Batterham
Identification Of Dietary Patterns Associated With Blood Pressure In A Sample Of Overweight Australian Adults, Shirin Anil, Karen E. Charlton, Linda C. Tapsell, Yasmine Probst, Rhoda Ndanuko, Marijka Batterham
Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute
The dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet provides strong evidence for an optimal dietary pattern for blood pressure (BP) control; however, investigation at the level of key foods in a dietary pattern is sparse. This study aimed to assess the relationship between dietary patterns driven by key foods with BP in a sample of obese Australian adults. Secondary analysis was conducted on baseline data of 118 participants (45.1±8.4 years, mean BP=124.1±15.8/72.6±9.2 mm Hg) recruited in a weight reduction randomized controlled trial (ACTRN12608000425392). Dietary assessment was by a validated diet history interview. The average of three office BP measurements was …
Analysis Of The Psychological Impact Of A Vascular Risk Factor Intervention: Results From A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial In Australian General Practice, Suzanne Helen Mckenzie, Upali W. Jayasinghe, Mahnaz Fanaian, Megan Passey, Mark Fort Harris
Analysis Of The Psychological Impact Of A Vascular Risk Factor Intervention: Results From A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial In Australian General Practice, Suzanne Helen Mckenzie, Upali W. Jayasinghe, Mahnaz Fanaian, Megan Passey, Mark Fort Harris
Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute
Background Screening for vascular disease, risk assessment and management are encouraged in general practice however there is limited evidence about the emotional impact on patients. The Health Improvement and Prevention Study evaluated the impact of a general practice-based vascular risk factor intervention on behavioural and physiological risk factors in 30 Australian practices. The primary aim of this analysis is to investigate the psychological impact of participating in the intervention arm of the trial. The secondary aim is to identify the mediating effects of changes in behavioural risk factors or BMI. Methods This study is an analysis of a secondary outcome …
Factors Associated With Chronic Kidney Disease Progression In Australian Nephrology Practices, Neil Boudville, Anna Kemp, Henry Moody, Robert G. Fassett, Eugenie Pedagogos, Craig Nelson, Helen Healy, George Mangos, Geoff Kirkland, Troy Kay, Paul Champion De Crespigny, David Hoffman, David Waugh
Factors Associated With Chronic Kidney Disease Progression In Australian Nephrology Practices, Neil Boudville, Anna Kemp, Henry Moody, Robert G. Fassett, Eugenie Pedagogos, Craig Nelson, Helen Healy, George Mangos, Geoff Kirkland, Troy Kay, Paul Champion De Crespigny, David Hoffman, David Waugh
Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute
Background/Aims: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health issue worldwide. The aim of this study was to explore factors associated with CKD progression in Australian nephrology practices. Methods: This was a retrospective study utilising an electronic medical record (EMR), Audit4 (Software for Specialists, Australia). The baseline visit was defined as the first entry into the EMR. The primary outcome was the rate of change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Results: 1,328 patients were included with a mean eGFR at baseline of 37.4 ± 0.7 ml/min/1.73 m2, a mean follow-up of 17.7 months and a mean annual rate of …