Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Immune Response To Sars-Cov-2 Variants After Immunization With Different Vaccines In Mexico, Erika Garay, Sean P J Whelan, Rebecca M Dubois, Sara M O'Rourke, Angel Eduardo Salgado-Escobar, José Esteban Muñoz-Medina, Carlos F Arias, Susana López

2020-Current year OA Pubs

There is limited information on the antibody responses against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in subjects from developing countries with populations having a high incidence of co-morbidities. Here, we analysed the immunogenicity of homologous schemes using the ChAdOx1-S, Sputnik V, or BNT162b2 vaccines and the effect of a booster dose with ChAdOx1-S in middle-aged adults who were seropositive or seronegative to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein before vaccination. The study was conducted post-vaccination with a follow-up of 4 months for antibody titre using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and pseudovirus (PV) neutralization assays (PNAs). All three vaccines elicited a superior …

Leishmania Major- Derived Lipophosphoglycan Influences The Host's Early Immune Response By Inducing Platelet Activation And Dkk1 Production Via Tlr1/2, Olivia C Ihedioha, Anutr Sivakoses, Stephen M Beverley, Diane Mcmahon-Pratt, Alfred L M Bothwell

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Platelets are rapidly deployed to infection sites and respond to pathogenic molecules via pattern recognition receptors (TLR, NLRP). Dickkopf1 (DKK1) is a quintessential Wnt antagonist produced by a variety of cell types including platelets, endothelial cells, and is known to modulate pro-inflammatory responses in infectious diseases and cancer. Moreover, DKK1 is critical for forming leukocyte-platelet aggregates and induction of type 2 cell-mediated immune responses. Our previous publication showed activated platelets release DKK1 following

RESULTS: Here we probed the role of the key surface virulence glycoconjugate lipophosphoglycan (LPG), on DKK1 production using null mutants deficient in LPG synthesis (

CONCLUSION: …

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection Drives A Type I Ifn Signature In Lung Lymphocytes, Sadia Akter, Kuldeep S Chauhan, Micah D Dunlap, José Alberto Choreño-Parra, Lan Lu, Ekaterina Esaulova, Joaquin Zúñiga, Maxim N Artyomov, Deepak Kaushal, Shabaana A Khader

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infects 25% of the world's population and causes tuberculosis (TB), which is a leading cause of death globally. A clear understanding of the dynamics of immune response at the cellular level is crucial to design better strategies to control TB. We use the single-cell RNA sequencing approach on lung lymphocytes derived from healthy and Mtb-infected mice. Our results show the enrichment of the type I IFN signature among the lymphoid cell clusters, as well as heat shock responses in natural killer (NK) cells from Mtb-infected mice lungs. We identify Ly6A as a lymphoid cell activation marker and …

Single-Cell Profiling Of Human Dura And Meningioma Reveals Cellular Meningeal Landscape And Insights Into Meningioma Immune Response, Anthony Z Wang, Jay A Bowman-Kirigin, Rupen Desai, Liang-I Kang, Pujan R Patel, Bhuvic Patel, Saad M Khan, Diane Bender, M Caleb Marlin, Jingxian Liu, Joshua W Osbun, Eric C Leuthardt, Michael R Chicoine, Ralph G Dacey, Gregory J Zipfel, Albert H Kim, David G Denardo, Allegra A Petti, Gavin P Dunn

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Recent investigations of the meninges have highlighted the importance of the dura layer in central nervous system immune surveillance beyond a purely structural role. However, our understanding of the meninges largely stems from the use of pre-clinical models rather than human samples.

METHODS: Single-cell RNA sequencing of seven non-tumor-associated human dura samples and six primary meningioma tumor samples (4 matched and 2 non-matched) was performed. Cell type identities, gene expression profiles, and T cell receptor expression were analyzed. Copy number variant (CNV) analysis was performed to identify putative tumor cells and analyze intratumoral CNV heterogeneity. Immunohistochemistry and imaging mass …

Optimized Polyepitope Neoantigen Dna Vaccines Elicit Neoantigen-Specific Immune Responses In Preclinical Models And In Clinical Translation, Lijin Li, Xiuli Zhang, Xiaoli Wang, Samuel W Kim, John M Herndon, Michelle K Becker-Hapak, Beatriz M Carreno, Nancy B Myers, Mark A Sturmoski, Michael D Mclellan, Christopher A Miller, Tanner M Johanns, Benjamin R Tan, Gavin P Dunn, Timothy P Fleming, Ted H Hansen, S Peter Goedegebuure, William E Gillanders

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Preclinical studies and early clinical trials have shown that targeting cancer neoantigens is a promising approach towards the development of personalized cancer immunotherapies. DNA vaccines can be rapidly and efficiently manufactured and can integrate multiple neoantigens simultaneously. We therefore sought to optimize the design of polyepitope DNA vaccines and test optimized polyepitope neoantigen DNA vaccines in preclinical models and in clinical translation.

METHODS: We developed and optimized a DNA vaccine platform to target multiple neoantigens. The polyepitope DNA vaccine platform was first optimized using model antigens in vitro and in vivo. We then identified neoantigens in preclinical breast cancer …