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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Discrimination Of Computer-Graphic Stimuli By Mice: A Method For The Behavioral Characterization Of Transgenic And Gene-Knockout Models., T J Bussey, L M Saksida, L A Rothblat
Discrimination Of Computer-Graphic Stimuli By Mice: A Method For The Behavioral Characterization Of Transgenic And Gene-Knockout Models., T J Bussey, L M Saksida, L A Rothblat
Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications
An automated method is described for the behavioral testing of mice in an apparatus that allows computer-graphic stimulus material to be presented. Mice responded to these stimuli by making a nose-poke toward a computer monitor that was equipped with a touchscreen attachment for detecting responses. It was found that C57BL/6 mice were able to solve single-pair visual discriminations as well as 3-pair concurrent visual discriminations. The finding that mice are capable of complex visual discriminations introduces the possibility of testing mice on nonspatial tasks that are similar to those used with rats, monkeys, and humans. Furthermore, the method seems particularly …
Cyclooxygenase-2 And Prostaglandin E(2)(Pge(2)) Receptor Messenger Rnas Are Affected By Bovine Oocyte Maturation Time And Cumulus-Oocyte Complex Quality, And Pge(2) Induces Moderate Expansion Of The Bovine Cumulus In Vitro., M D Calder, A N Caveney, M E Westhusin, A J Watson
Cyclooxygenase-2 And Prostaglandin E(2)(Pge(2)) Receptor Messenger Rnas Are Affected By Bovine Oocyte Maturation Time And Cumulus-Oocyte Complex Quality, And Pge(2) Induces Moderate Expansion Of The Bovine Cumulus In Vitro., M D Calder, A N Caveney, M E Westhusin, A J Watson
Obstetrics & Gynaecology Publications
Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) receptor 2 (EP2) are necessary for rodent cumulus expansion in vivo. Prostaglandin E(2) receptor 3 (EP3) has been detected in bovine preovulatory follicles and corpora lutea. The current experiments examined the effect of PGE(2) on bovine cumulus expansion in vitro and expression of COX-2, EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4 mRNAs in bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) at 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24 h time points during maturation in vitro. Concentrations of PGE(2) above 50 ng/ml resulted in moderate cumulus expansion of bovine COCs, but expansion did not occur in the absence of …
Amino Acid Concentrations In Fluids From The Bovine Oviduct And Uterus And In Ksom-Based Culture Media., Y M Elhassan, G Wu, A C Leanez, R J Tasca, A J Watson, M E Westhusin
Amino Acid Concentrations In Fluids From The Bovine Oviduct And Uterus And In Ksom-Based Culture Media., Y M Elhassan, G Wu, A C Leanez, R J Tasca, A J Watson, M E Westhusin
Obstetrics & Gynaecology Publications
Amino acids in bovine oviductal and uterine fluids were measured and compared with those in modified simplex optimized medium (KSOM) supplemented with either fetal calf serum or Minimum Essential Medium amino acids in addition to bovine serum albumin, fetal calf serum or polyvinyl alcohol. Concentrations of cysteine, threonine, tryptophan, alanine, aspartate, glycine, glutamate, proline, beta-alanine, and citrulline were higher in oviductal fluids than in KSOM-based culture media. Nonessential and essential amino acids were present in ratios of 5:1 and 2:1 in oviductal and uterine fluids, respectively. Concentrations of alanine (3.7 mM), glycine (14.1 mM) and glutamate (5.5 mM) were high …
Regulation Of Blastocyst Formation., A J Watson, L C Barcroft
Regulation Of Blastocyst Formation., A J Watson, L C Barcroft
Obstetrics & Gynaecology Publications
Preimplantation or pre-attachment development encompasses the "free"-living period of mammalian embryogenesis, which directs development of the zygote through to the blastocyst stage. Blastocyst formation is essential for implantation, establishment of pregnancy and is a principal determinant of embryo quality prior to embryo transfer. Cavitation (blastocyst formation) is driven by the expression of specific sets of gene products that direct the acquisition of cell polarity within the trophectoderm, which is both the first epithelium of development and the outer cell layer encircling the inner cell mass of the blastocyst. Critical gene families controlling these events include: the E-cadherin-catenin cell adhesion family, …
Expression Of Pthrp And Pthr (Pth/Pthrp-R) Mrnas And Polypeptides In Bovine Ovary And Stimulation Of Bovine Blastocyst Development In Vitro Following Pthrp Treatment During Oocyte Maturation., P H Watson, M E Westhusin, A J Watson
Expression Of Pthrp And Pthr (Pth/Pthrp-R) Mrnas And Polypeptides In Bovine Ovary And Stimulation Of Bovine Blastocyst Development In Vitro Following Pthrp Treatment During Oocyte Maturation., P H Watson, M E Westhusin, A J Watson
Obstetrics & Gynaecology Publications
Parathyroid hormone related protein (PTHrP) and its receptor have well-established roles in the development and regulation of many tissues, including bone and mammary gland. The objectives of this study were: (1) to characterize the distribution of mRNAs encoding parathyroid hormone (PTH)-related protein (PTHrP) and receptor (PTHR) in bovine ovary; (2) to characterize the distribution of PTHrP and PTHR polypeptides in bovine ovary; (3) to examine the influences of PTHrP (1-141) treatment during bovine oocyte maturation in vitro on blastocyst development. mRNAs encoding PTHrP and PTHR were detected by in situ hybridization methods in oocytes, and granulosa cells in all follicles …