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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Selection Of An Eevolved Orthogonal Ne-Acetyllysine Trnasynthetase That Can Incorporate The Unnantural Amino Acid L-Homocitrulline Site-Specifically Into Proteins, Jaclyn Alatrash, Camelia Baleanu Gogonea, Stanly L. Hazen, Joseph Didonato
Selection Of An Eevolved Orthogonal Ne-Acetyllysine Trnasynthetase That Can Incorporate The Unnantural Amino Acid L-Homocitrulline Site-Specifically Into Proteins, Jaclyn Alatrash, Camelia Baleanu Gogonea, Stanly L. Hazen, Joseph Didonato
Undergraduate Research Posters 2014
Oxidatively damaged apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1, the main protein constituent of high density lipoprotein (HDL) - the “good cholesterol”) has been isolated from circulating plasma and atherosclerosis plaque with modification of lysine amino acid residues to homocittruline (carbamyllysine) in apoA1 identified as a modification found increased in smokers that correlates with elevated cardiovascular risk for myocardial infarction (MI), stoke or death. The selected carbamyllysine tRNA synthetase will then be used to express a series of human apoA1 alleles containing amber codons in place of various lysine residues and assayed for its ability to form nascent HDL particles and to activate NF-κB …
Rnase L Contributes To Lipid Metabolism, Morgan Ashcraft, Chunfang Liu, Qiaoyun Zheng, Aimin Zhou
Rnase L Contributes To Lipid Metabolism, Morgan Ashcraft, Chunfang Liu, Qiaoyun Zheng, Aimin Zhou
Undergraduate Research Posters 2014
Macrophage-derived foam cell formation is a milestone of the atherosclerotic lesion initiation and progression, leading to cardiovascular diseases and stroke. Foam cells are formed from the disruption of a homeostatic mechanism that manipulates the uptake, intracellular metabolism and efflux of cholesterol within macrophages. Although studies have yielded much information about the homeostatic mechanism, the molecular basis of foam cell formation remains to be fully understood. We recently found that deficiency of RNase L attenuated macrophage functions including macrophage migration and its endocytic activity. Furthermore, RNase L markedly impacted the expression of certain pro- and anti-foam cell genes in macrophages. Most …
Asymmetrical Variation In The Trabecular Bone Within The Human Lumbar Vertebrae Of The Libben Hunting Population, Andrew S. Dickson, Anne Su
Asymmetrical Variation In The Trabecular Bone Within The Human Lumbar Vertebrae Of The Libben Hunting Population, Andrew S. Dickson, Anne Su
Undergraduate Research Posters 2014
Trabecular bone, a porous network of struts found within mammalian bone, has been understood to show regional variations in response to weight bearing activities. In this study, the L4 vertebrae were examined from a population of prehistoric hunters and gatherers, with the hypothesis that the trabecular bone would show left-right asymmetry that may be an indicator of asymmetry in trunk and upper limb use such as during spear throwing. The L4 vertebra of 10 male individuals aged 18-35 were digitally imaged using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Trabecular bone properties were quantified in the left and right sides of each vertebral body, …
Fabrication And Characterization Of Cell Membrane, Ali Naserallah, Valentinas Gruzdys, Xue-Long Sun
Fabrication And Characterization Of Cell Membrane, Ali Naserallah, Valentinas Gruzdys, Xue-Long Sun
Undergraduate Research Posters 2014
Cell membrane plays critical cellular functions in both physiological and pathological pathways and thus is important target for both basic and applied biomedical research. The domain structure features of cell membrane strongly affect the functions of membrane embedded biomolecules such as proteins and carbohydrates. However, understanding the structural aspects of membrane effects on the embedded biomolecule’s function have not been able easily to do due to limited approaches available. We have engaged in fabrication of cell membrane mimetic systems for functional analysis of membrane proteins and cell surface carbohydrates [1,2]. Thrombomodulin (TM), an endothelial integral membrane protein, plays central roles …
The Use Of Elastin-Like Polypeptides As A Drug Carrier Material: A Compatibility Study, Michael G. Price, John P. Gavin, Eric Helm, James T. Cole, Nolan Holland
The Use Of Elastin-Like Polypeptides As A Drug Carrier Material: A Compatibility Study, Michael G. Price, John P. Gavin, Eric Helm, James T. Cole, Nolan Holland
Undergraduate Research Posters 2014
Stimuli responsive self-assembling nanoparticles of elastin-like polypeptides are promising platforms for targeted drug delivery and release. These particles spontaneously assemble from elastin-like polypeptide building blocks in solution. The nanoparticles stably self-assemble under specific temperature, salt, and pH conditions and can dissociate upon changing of these conditions. With appropriate design, the surface of the particles can be decorated with labels that cause them to accumulate in specific diseased tissues. In addition, the size of the particles is appropriate to minimize undesirable rapid clearance from the body. In this study, we are testing the ability of the elastin-like polypeptide core to store …
Pharmacological And Pre-Clinical Testing Of 5-Nidr As A New Therapeutic Agent Against Brain Cancer, Seol Casey Kim, Anthony Berdis, Jung-Suk Choi
Pharmacological And Pre-Clinical Testing Of 5-Nidr As A New Therapeutic Agent Against Brain Cancer, Seol Casey Kim, Anthony Berdis, Jung-Suk Choi
Undergraduate Research Posters 2014
Approximately 4,000 children in the United States are diagnosed annually with a brain tumor. Brain cancers are the deadliest of all pediatric cancers as they have survival rates of less than 20%. Although surgery and radiation therapy are widely used to treat adult patients, chemotherapy is the primary therapeutic option for children. One important chemotherapeutic agent is temozolomide, an alkylating agent that causes cell death by damaging DNA. In this project, we tested the ability of a specific non-natural nucleoside developed in our lab, designated 5-NIdR, to increase the efficacy of temozolomide against brain cancer. Cell-based studies demonstrate that the …
Alternative Reaction Pathways To Metformin Hydrochloride, Mohammed S. Suleiman, Stephen A. Reeves, Jorge E. Gatica
Alternative Reaction Pathways To Metformin Hydrochloride, Mohammed S. Suleiman, Stephen A. Reeves, Jorge E. Gatica
Undergraduate Research Posters 2014
Metformin Hydrochloride is an important pharmaceutical used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The current manufacturing of this product involves a well-known and proven process. The process includes the dissolution and reaction, followed by the precipitation of Metformin Hydrochloride. Although reliable and effective, the current process relies on the use of a solvent; which later needs to be eliminated from the precipitates. The purpose of this project is the investigation of an alternative reaction pathway which will avoid the use of solvents and simplify the final purification stage. The anticipated benefits include reduced costs for the processing and a …
What Are The Best Skeletal Indicators Of Handedness?, Margret B. White, Anne Su
What Are The Best Skeletal Indicators Of Handedness?, Margret B. White, Anne Su
Undergraduate Research Posters 2014
Previous research indicates that there are asymmetries in limb bone structure and dimensions. It is hypothesized that these asymmetries are the result of hand preference, or repeated unilateral mechanical loading. The aim of this study was to first identify the best skeletal indicators of handedness by means of a comprehensive literature search. Based on the previous findings of other researchers, we examined non-pathological male individuals (N=19, aged 20-35) from the Hamann-Todd Skeletal Collection at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History for asymmetry of paired second metacarpals, by measuring the difference between right and left diameters at mid-shaft. We also tested …