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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
The Influence Of Second Intermediate Host Dispersion Pattern Upon The Transmission Of Cercariae Of Echinoparyphium Recurvatum (Digenea: Echinostomatidae), Ann Mccarthy
Ann Marie McCarthy
Transmission of cercariae of the echinostome digenean Echinoparyphium recurvatum was observed in experimental populations of the second intermediate host snail Lymnaea peregra. Populations of 100 snails were distributed among plastic mesh cages in an infection arena to produce different patterns of host dispersion. Cercarial transmission was investigated in host populations showing three separate patterns of host dispersion; Ideal Regular, Random and Contagious ('Clumped'). Levels of cercarial transmission in populations showing each type of dispersion pattern were found to be significantly different. The highest rate of cercarial transmission occurred in the contagiously dispersed host population, and the lowest in the randomly …
Speciation Of Echinostomes: Evidence For The Existence Of Two Sympatric Sibling Species In The Complex Echinoparyphium Recurvatum (Von Linstow 1873) (Digenea: Echinostomatidae), Ann Mccarthy
Ann Marie McCarthy
Evidence for the existence of 2 first intermediate host-specific sibling species of the 45 collar-spined echinostome Echinoparyphium recurvatum is presented. Experimental studies on their life-cycles were carried out under controlled laboratory conditions. The two entities were found to be morphologically indistinguishable in all major respects, yet they exhibited distinct biological characteristics. One of the sibling species utilizes the freshwater lymnaeid pulmonate snail Lymnaea peregra as first intermediate host, and the adults occur in the anterior small intestine of the wildfowl experimental definitive host Anas platyrhynchos. The other utilizes the freshwater mesogastropod prosobranch snail Valvata piscinalis as first intermediate host, and …
Hexosamine Biosynthesis Pathway Flux Contributes To Insulin Resistance Via Altering Membrane Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate And Cortical Filamentous Actin, P. Bhonagiri, G. R. Pattar, E. M. Horvath, K. M. Habegger, Ann Mccarthy, J. S. Elmendorf
Hexosamine Biosynthesis Pathway Flux Contributes To Insulin Resistance Via Altering Membrane Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate And Cortical Filamentous Actin, P. Bhonagiri, G. R. Pattar, E. M. Horvath, K. M. Habegger, Ann Mccarthy, J. S. Elmendorf
Ann Marie McCarthy
We recently found that plasma membrane phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP(2))-regulated filamentous actin (F-actin) polymerization was diminished in hyperinsulinemic cell culture models of insulin resistance. Here we delineated whether increased glucose flux through the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) causes the PIP(2)/F-actin dysregulation and insulin resistance induced by hyperinsulinemia. Increased HBP activity was detected in 3T3-L1 adipocytes cultured under conditions closely resembling physiological hyperinsulinemia (5 nm insulin for 12 h) and in cells where HBP activity was amplified by 2 mm glucosamine (GlcN). Both the physiological hyperinsulinemia and experimental GlcN challenge induced comparable losses of PIP(2) and F-actin. In addition to protecting against …
A Policy Change Strategy For Head Lice Management, K. Andresen, Ann Mccarthy
A Policy Change Strategy For Head Lice Management, K. Andresen, Ann Mccarthy
Ann Marie McCarthy
The purpose of this project was to formulate an effective change strategy for head lice management in a group of five separate school districts within one county. Despite a desire to use evidence to support their practice, school nurses often encounter educational system barriers that prevent independent management of health conditions. The use of collaborative community relationships, identification of underlying hierarchy structures in school policy development, and targeted system education were the catalysts for changing beliefs and ultimately policy within these school districts. The focus of this project was to develop a policy change strategy for head lice. The strategy …