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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Alcohol Exposure As A Risk Factor For Adverse Outcomes In Elective Surgery, Bharath Nath, Youfu Li, James Carroll, Gyongyi Szabo, Jennifer Tseng, Shimul Shah
Alcohol Exposure As A Risk Factor For Adverse Outcomes In Elective Surgery, Bharath Nath, Youfu Li, James Carroll, Gyongyi Szabo, Jennifer Tseng, Shimul Shah
Gyongyi Szabo
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Alcohol consumption is a well-documented determinant of adverse perioperative outcome. We sought to determine the effect of active alcohol consumption following elective surgery. METHODS: We queried discharge records from the American College of Surgeons' National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP, 2005-2007) for all elective adult admissions. The 7,631 (2.5%) patients with documented alcohol use (active alcohol use of at least two drinks per day within 2 weeks of surgery; ETOH use) underwent elective surgery; 301,994 (97.5%) patients denied ETOH use. Multivariate analysis was performed with adjustments for demographic and comorbid factors. Primary outcome measures included length of …
The Role Of Vision In Detecting And Correcting Fingertip Force Errors During Object Lifting, Gavin Buckingham, Nathalie Ranger, Melvyn Goodale
The Role Of Vision In Detecting And Correcting Fingertip Force Errors During Object Lifting, Gavin Buckingham, Nathalie Ranger, Melvyn Goodale
Gavin Buckingham
Vision provides many reliable cues about the likely weight of an object, allowing individuals to predict how heavy it will be. The forces used to lift an object for the first time reflect these predictions. This, however, leads to inevitable errors during lifts of objects that weigh unexpected amounts. Fortunately, these errors are rarely made twice in a row-lifters have the impressive ability to detect and correct large or small misapplications of fingertip forces, even while experiencing weight illusions. Although it has been assumed that we detect and correct these errors exclusively with our sense of touch, recent evidence has …
The Material-Weight Illusion Induced By Expectations Alone, Gavin Buckingham, Nathalie Ranger, Melvyn Goodale
The Material-Weight Illusion Induced By Expectations Alone, Gavin Buckingham, Nathalie Ranger, Melvyn Goodale
Gavin Buckingham
In the material-weight illusion (MWI), equally weighted objects that appear to be made from different materials are incorrectly perceived as having different weights when they are lifted one after the other. Here, we show that continuous visual experience of the lift is not a prerequisite for this compelling misperception of weight; merely priming the lifters' expectations of heaviness is sufficient for them to experience a robust MWI. Furthermore, these expectations continued to influence the load force used to lift MWI-inducing stimuli trial after trial, supporting the notion that vision plays an important role in the skillful lifting of objects.