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- Keyword
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- Hyposmolarity (3)
- mule deer (<i>Odocoileus hemionus</i>) (1)
- Antilocapra americana (1)
- Bovine viral diarrhea virus; Bovine pestivirus; Pestivirus genotypes (1)
- Brain (1)
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- Central nervous system (1)
- Chronic wasting disease (1)
- Gastropod (1)
- Hyperexcitability (1)
- Immunohistochemical staining (1)
- Lymphoid tissue (1)
- Meningeal worm (1)
- Odocoileus virginianus (1)
- Osmolytes. (1)
- PI3 kinase (1)
- PKC. (1)
- PRRSV; swine arterivirus; antibodies; protective immunity (1)
- Parelaphostrongylus tenuis (1)
- Pronghorn antelope (1)
- Regulatory volume decrease. (1)
- Spongiform encephalopathy (1)
- Swelling (1)
- Taurine (1)
- Tyrosine kinases (1)
- Volume regulation (1)
- White-tailed deer (1)
Articles 1 - 30 of 32
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Passive Transfer Of Virus-Specific Antibodies Confers Protection Against Reproductive Failure Induced By A Virulent Strain Of Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus And Establishes Sterilizing Immunity, Fernando A. Osorio, J. A. Galeota, E. Nelson, Bruce W. Brodersen, Alan R. Doster, R. Wills, F. Zuckermann, W. W. Laegried
Passive Transfer Of Virus-Specific Antibodies Confers Protection Against Reproductive Failure Induced By A Virulent Strain Of Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus And Establishes Sterilizing Immunity, Fernando A. Osorio, J. A. Galeota, E. Nelson, Bruce W. Brodersen, Alan R. Doster, R. Wills, F. Zuckermann, W. W. Laegried
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
Immune mechanisms mediating protective immunity against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) are not well understood. The PRRSV-specific humoral immune response has been dismissed as being ineffective and perhaps deleterious for the host. The function of PRRSV antibodies in protective immunity against infection with a highly abortifacient strain of this virus was examined by passive transfer experiments in pregnant swine. All of a group of pregnant gilts (n = 6) that received PRRSV immunoglobulin (Ig) from PRRSV-convalescent, hyperimmune animals were fully protected from reproductive failure as judged by 95% viability of offspring at weaning (15 days of age). …
Mycobacterium Smegmatis L-Alanine Dehydrogenase (Ald) Is Required For Proficient Utilization Of Alanine As A Sole Nitrogen Source And Sustained Anaerobic Growth, Zhengyu Feng, Nancy E. Caceres, Gautam Sarath, Raul G. Barletta
Mycobacterium Smegmatis L-Alanine Dehydrogenase (Ald) Is Required For Proficient Utilization Of Alanine As A Sole Nitrogen Source And Sustained Anaerobic Growth, Zhengyu Feng, Nancy E. Caceres, Gautam Sarath, Raul G. Barletta
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
NAD(H)-dependent L-alanine dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.1) (Ald) catalyzes the oxidative deamination of L-alanine and the reductive amination of pyruvate. To assess the physiological role of Ald in Mycobacterium smegmatis, we cloned the ald gene, identified its promoter, determined the protein expression levels, and analyzed the combined effects of nutrient supplementation, oxygen availability, and growth stage on enzyme activity. High Ald activities were observed in cells grown in the presence of L- or D-alanine regardless of the oxygen availability and growth stage. In exponentially growing cells under aerobic conditions, supplementation with alanine resulted in a 25- to 50-fold increase in the …
Mycobacterium Smegmatis L-Alanine Dehydrogenase (Ald) Is Required For Proficient Utilization Of Alanine As A Sole Nitrogen Source And Sustained Anaerobic Growth, Zhengyu Feng, Nancy E. Caceres, Gautam Sarath, Raul G. Barletta
Mycobacterium Smegmatis L-Alanine Dehydrogenase (Ald) Is Required For Proficient Utilization Of Alanine As A Sole Nitrogen Source And Sustained Anaerobic Growth, Zhengyu Feng, Nancy E. Caceres, Gautam Sarath, Raul G. Barletta
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
NAD(H)-dependent L-alanine dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.1) (Ald) catalyzes the oxidative deamination of L-alanine and the reductive amination of pyruvate. To assess the physiological role of Ald in Mycobacterium smegmatis, we cloned the ald gene, identified its promoter, determined the protein expression levels, and analyzed the combined effects of nutrient supplementation, oxygen availability, and growth stage on enzyme activity. High Ald activities were observed in cells grown in the presence of L- or D-alanine regardless of the oxygen availability and growth stage. In exponentially growing cells under aerobic conditions, supplementation with alanine resulted in a 25- to 50-fold increase in the …
A Novel Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Transcript (Al-Rna) Antisense To The 5′ End Of The Latency-Associated Transcript Produces A Protein In Infected Rabbits, Guey-Chuen Perng, Barak Maguen, Ling Jin, Kevin R. Mott, John Kurylo, Lbachir Benmohamed, Ada Yukht, Nelson Osorio, Anthony B. Nesburn, Gail A. Henderson, Melissa Inman, Clinton J. Jones, Steven L. Wechsler
A Novel Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Transcript (Al-Rna) Antisense To The 5′ End Of The Latency-Associated Transcript Produces A Protein In Infected Rabbits, Guey-Chuen Perng, Barak Maguen, Ling Jin, Kevin R. Mott, John Kurylo, Lbachir Benmohamed, Ada Yukht, Nelson Osorio, Anthony B. Nesburn, Gail A. Henderson, Melissa Inman, Clinton J. Jones, Steven L. Wechsler
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
Following primary ocular infection, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) establishes a lifelong latent infection in sensory neurons of the trigeminal ganglia. Latency-associated transcript (LAT), the only known viral gene abundantly transcribed during HSV-1 neuronal latency, is required for high levels of reactivation. Recently we showed that three different mutants that do not alter the LAT promoter but contain deletions within the 5′ end of the primary LAT transcript affect viral virulence (G. C. Perng et al., J. Virol. 75:9018-9028, 2001). In contrast, in LAT-null mutants viral virulence appears unaltered (T. M. Block et al., Virology 192:618-630, 1993; D. C. …
A Mutation In The Latency-Related Gene Of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Disrupts The Latency Reactivation Cycle In Calves, Melissa Inman, Luciane Lovato, Alan R. Doster, Clinton J. Jones
A Mutation In The Latency-Related Gene Of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Disrupts The Latency Reactivation Cycle In Calves, Melissa Inman, Luciane Lovato, Alan R. Doster, Clinton J. Jones
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) is an important pathogen of cattle, and infection is usually initiated via the ocular or nasal cavity. Following acute infection, the primary site for BHV-1 latency is the sensory neuron. Reactivation from latency occurs sporadically, resulting in virus shedding and transmission to uninfected cattle. The only abundant viral transcript expressed during latency is the latency-related (LR) RNA, suggesting that it mediates some aspect of latency. An LR mutant was constructed by inserting three stop codons near the beginning of the LR-RNA, suggesting that expression of LR proteins would be altered. The LR mutant grew with wild-type …
Phylogenetic Analysis Of Brazilian Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Type 2 (Bvdv-2) Isolates: Evidence For A Subgenotype Within Bvdv-2, Eduardo F. Flores, Julia F. Ridpath, Rudi Weiblen, Fernanda S. F. Vogel, Laura H.V.G. Gil
Phylogenetic Analysis Of Brazilian Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Type 2 (Bvdv-2) Isolates: Evidence For A Subgenotype Within Bvdv-2, Eduardo F. Flores, Julia F. Ridpath, Rudi Weiblen, Fernanda S. F. Vogel, Laura H.V.G. Gil
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
Phylogenetic analysis divides bovine viral diarrhea viruses (BVDV) into two different genotypes (BVDV1 and BVDV2). BVDV1 strains have been further subdivided into two to 11 subgenotypes. Phylogenetic analysis of BVDV2 isolates, however, has not been able to identify discrete subgenotypes. In this study, we identified six South American BVDV2 strains and one North American BVDV2 strain that cluster to a separate genetic group within BVDV2, thus representing a distinct subgenotype. The 5’ untranslated region (UTR) sequence homology between these six strains and other BVDV2 from North America, Europe and Asia (81.7%) is lower than the homology used to segregate BVDV1 …
Isolation And Characterization Of Endophytic Colonizing Bacteria From Agronomic Crops And Prairie Plants, Denise K. Zinniel, Patricia A. Lambrecht, N. Beth Harris, Zhengyu Feng, Daniel Kuczmarski, Phyllis Higley, Carol A. Ishimaru, Alahari Arunakumari, Raul G. Barletta, Anne K. Vidaver
Isolation And Characterization Of Endophytic Colonizing Bacteria From Agronomic Crops And Prairie Plants, Denise K. Zinniel, Patricia A. Lambrecht, N. Beth Harris, Zhengyu Feng, Daniel Kuczmarski, Phyllis Higley, Carol A. Ishimaru, Alahari Arunakumari, Raul G. Barletta, Anne K. Vidaver
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
Endophytic bacteria reside within plant hosts without causing disease symptoms. In this study, 853 endophytic strains were isolated from aerial tissues of four agronomic crop species and 27 prairie plant species. We determined several phenotypic properties and found approximately equal numbers of gram-negative and gram-positive isolates. In a greenhouse study, 28 of 86 prairie plant endophytes were found to colonize their original hosts at 42 days postinoculation at levels of 3.5 to 7.7 log10 CFU/g (fresh weight). More comprehensive colonization studies were conducted with 373 corn and sorghum endophytes. In growth room studies, none of the isolates displayed pathogenicity, …
Composition And Method For The Prevention And Treatment Of Oxidative Damage In Ocular Tissues, Marjorie F. Lou, Nalini Raghavachari;, Fengyu Qiao
Composition And Method For The Prevention And Treatment Of Oxidative Damage In Ocular Tissues, Marjorie F. Lou, Nalini Raghavachari;, Fengyu Qiao
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
Thioltransferase and derivatives thereof are provided. Methods of treating or preventing cataract formation comprosing administering thioltransferase or a derivative thereof are also provided. Thioltransferase or derivatives thereof are also useful for treating or preventing diseases resulting from or associated with oxidative stress. Human lens thioltransferase and a DNA sequence encoding the same are also provided.
Osmosensitive Release Of Neurotransmitter Amino Acids: Relevance And Mechanisms, Herminia Pasantes-Morales, Rodrigo Franco, Lenin Ochoa, Benito Ordaz
Osmosensitive Release Of Neurotransmitter Amino Acids: Relevance And Mechanisms, Herminia Pasantes-Morales, Rodrigo Franco, Lenin Ochoa, Benito Ordaz
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
Hyposmolarity activates amino acid efflux as part of the corrective volume process in a variety of cells. This review discusses the mechanism of amino acid release in brain cells preparations. Results present evidence of substantial differences between the efflux of taurine and that of GABA and glu-tamate, which besides a possible role as osmolytes, have a main function as synaptic transmitters. The differences found concern the efflux time course, the sensitivity to Cl– channel blockers, the modulation by tyrosine kinases, the influence of PKC and the effect of cytoskeleton disruptive agents. While taurine efflux features fit well with the …
A Gene Capable Of Blocking Apoptosis Can Substitute For The Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Latency-Associated Transcript Gene And Restore Wild-Type Reactivation Levels, Guey-Chuen Perng, Barak Maguen, Ling Jin, Kevin R. Mott, Nelson Osorio, Susan M. Slanina, Ada Yukht, Homayon Ghiasi, Anthony B. Nesburn, Melissa Inman, Gail A. Henderson, Clinton J. Jones, Steven L. Wechsler
A Gene Capable Of Blocking Apoptosis Can Substitute For The Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Latency-Associated Transcript Gene And Restore Wild-Type Reactivation Levels, Guey-Chuen Perng, Barak Maguen, Ling Jin, Kevin R. Mott, Nelson Osorio, Susan M. Slanina, Ada Yukht, Homayon Ghiasi, Anthony B. Nesburn, Melissa Inman, Gail A. Henderson, Clinton J. Jones, Steven L. Wechsler
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
After ocular herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection, the virus travels up axons and establishes a lifelong latent infection in neurons of the trigeminal ganglia. LAT (latency-associated transcript), the only known viral gene abundantly transcribed during HSV-1 neuronal latency, is required for high levels of reactivation. The LAT function responsible for this reactivation phenotype is not known. Recently, we showed that LAT can block programmed cell death (apoptosis) in neurons of the trigeminal ganglion in vivo and in tissue culture cells in vitro (G.-C. Perng et al., Science 287:1500–1503, 2000; M. Inman et al., J. Virol. 75:3636–3646, 2001). Consequently, …
Department Of Veterinary And Biomedical Sciences: 2002 Annual Report
Department Of Veterinary And Biomedical Sciences: 2002 Annual Report
Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences -- Department Information and History
Foreword 2002
VBMS Faculty
VBMS Faculty and Staff, by Function and Unit
Honors. Awards and Recognitions. 2002
VBMS Committee Assignments. 2002
Faculty Profiles
VBMS Research Associates Profiles
VBMS Teaching Program
Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center (GPVEC)
VBMS Research Program
International Activities
Veterinary Extension Program
Nebraska Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory Systems (NVDLS)
VBMS Grants and Contracts Program
Patents by VBMS Faculty in 2002
Publications by VBMS Faculty
Presentations by VBMS Faculty
Articles Regarding the Department
Selected Committees. Editorial and Other Appointments
Departmental Budget Summaries
Nebraska Agricultural Statistics
Validation Of Monoclonal Antibody F99/97.6.1 For Immunohistochemical Staining Of Brain And Tonsil In Mule Deer (Odocoileus Hemionus) With Chronic Wasting Disease, T. R. Spraker, Katherine I. O'Rourke, A. Balachandran, R. R. Zink, B. A. Cummings, M. W. Miller, B. E. Powers
Validation Of Monoclonal Antibody F99/97.6.1 For Immunohistochemical Staining Of Brain And Tonsil In Mule Deer (Odocoileus Hemionus) With Chronic Wasting Disease, T. R. Spraker, Katherine I. O'Rourke, A. Balachandran, R. R. Zink, B. A. Cummings, M. W. Miller, B. E. Powers
Other Publications in Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease
A new monoclonal antibody (MAb), F99/97.6.1, that has been used to demonstrate scrapieassociated prion protein PrPSc in brain and lymphoid tissues of domestic sheep with scrapie was used in an immunohistochemistry assay for diagnosis of chronic wasting disease (CWD) in mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus). The MAb F99/97.6.1 immunohistochemistry assay was evaluated in brain and tonsil tissue from 100 mule deer that had spongiform encephalopathy compatible with CWD and from 1,050 mule deer outside the CWD-endemic area. This MAb demonstrated abnormal protease-resistant prion protein (PrPres) in brains of all of the 100 mule deer and in …
Comparison Of Histological Lesions And Immunohistochemical Staining Of Proteinase-Resistant Prion Protein In A Naturally Occurring Spongiform Encephalopathy Of Free-Ranging Mule Deer (Odocoileus Hemionus) With Those Of Chronic Wasting Disease Of Captive Mule Deer, T. R. Spraker, R. R. Zink, B. A. Cummings, M. A. Wild, M. W. Miller, Katherine I. O'Rourke
Comparison Of Histological Lesions And Immunohistochemical Staining Of Proteinase-Resistant Prion Protein In A Naturally Occurring Spongiform Encephalopathy Of Free-Ranging Mule Deer (Odocoileus Hemionus) With Those Of Chronic Wasting Disease Of Captive Mule Deer, T. R. Spraker, R. R. Zink, B. A. Cummings, M. A. Wild, M. W. Miller, Katherine I. O'Rourke
Other Publications in Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease
In this investigation, the nature and distribution of histologic lesions and immunohistochemical staining (IHC) of a proteinase-resistant prion protein were compared in free-ranging mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) dying of a naturally occurring spongiform encephalopathy (SE) and captive mule deer dying of chronic wasting disease (CWD). Sixteen free-ranging deer with SE, 12 free-ranging deer without SE, and 10 captive deer with CWD were examined at necropsy. Tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and duplicate sections were stained with a monoclonal antibody (F89/160.1.5). Histological lesions in the freeranging deer with SE and captive deer with CWD were found …
Methods And Compositions For Protection Against Bovine Viral Diseases, Subramaniam Srikumaran
Methods And Compositions For Protection Against Bovine Viral Diseases, Subramaniam Srikumaran
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
The present invention relates to methods and compositions for eliciting an immune response against bovine viral epitopes. The methods comprise combining at least one heat shock protein with at least one bovine viral epitope to form a purified epitope/heat shock protein complex and administration of an immune system stimulating amount of the purified epitope/heat shock protein complex. The compositions comprise, a purified epitope/heat shock protein complex comprising at least one bovine viral epitope complexed with at least one heat shock protein, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent or excipient.
Dynamics Of Bovine Tuberculosis In Wild White-Tailed Deer In Michigan, Graham J. Hickling
Dynamics Of Bovine Tuberculosis In Wild White-Tailed Deer In Michigan, Graham J. Hickling
Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database
In mid-2001, the author of this report was invited to undertake an exploratory analysis of Michigan Department of Natural Resources’ data on bovine tuberculosis (TB) infection in wild white-tailed (Odocoileus virginianus) in the northeastern Lower Peninsula of the state. The aims of this analysis were:
• to quantify the geographic spread of tuberculous deer in Michigan;
• to investigate key factors influencing the prevalence of disease in the core of the infected area;
• to interpret the results in light of overseas experience with wildlife TB, with a view to
recommending how current management of the disease might …
Environmental And Farm Management Factors Associated With Tuberculosis On Cattle Farms In Northeastern Michigan, John B. Kaneene, Colleen S. Bruning-Fann, Larry M. Granger, Roseann Miller, Barbara A. Porter-Spalding
Environmental And Farm Management Factors Associated With Tuberculosis On Cattle Farms In Northeastern Michigan, John B. Kaneene, Colleen S. Bruning-Fann, Larry M. Granger, Roseann Miller, Barbara A. Porter-Spalding
Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database
Objective—To identify major environmental and farm management factors associated with the occurrence of tuberculosis (TB) on cattle farms in northeastern Michigan.
Design—Case-control study.
Sample Population—17 cattle farms with infected cattle and 51 control farms.
Procedure—Each case farm (laboratory confirmed diagnosis of Mycobacterium bovis infection) was matched with 2 to 4 control farms (negative whole-herd test results within previous 12 months) on the basis of type of farm (dairy or beef) and location. Cattle farm data were collected from in-person interviews and mailed questionnaires. Wildlife TB data were gathered through state wildlife surveillance. Environmental data were gathered …
Susceptibility Of Raccoons (Procyon Lotor) To Infection With Mycobacterium Bovis, Mitchell V. Palmer, W. Ray Waters, Diana L. Whipple
Susceptibility Of Raccoons (Procyon Lotor) To Infection With Mycobacterium Bovis, Mitchell V. Palmer, W. Ray Waters, Diana L. Whipple
Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database
Tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis infection is endemic in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in the northeastern portion of the lower Michigan peninsula (USA). Various wild carnivores and omnivores, including raccoons (Procyon lotor), are infected with M. bovis within the endemic area. To investigate the pathogenesis of tuberculosis in raccoons and the likelihood of M. bovis transmission from infected raccoons to other susceptible hosts, we experimentally inoculated raccoons with single oral doses of M. bovis (ranging from 30 to 1.7 x 105 colony forming units [CFU]), five daily oral doses of M. bovis (ranging from 10 …
Lesion Development In White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus) Experimentally Infected With Mycobacterium Bovis, M. V. Palmer, W. R. Waters, D. L. Whipple
Lesion Development In White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus) Experimentally Infected With Mycobacterium Bovis, M. V. Palmer, W. R. Waters, D. L. Whipple
Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database
The recent discovery of tuberculosis in free-living white-tailed deer in northeastern Michigan underscores the need for increased understanding of the pathogenesis of tuberculosis in wildlife species. To investigate lesion development in white-tailed deer, 32 deer were experimentally infected by intratonsilar instillation of 300 colony-forming units of Mycobacterium bovis. Three deer each were euthanatized and examined at days 15, 28, 42, and 56 after inoculation, and five deer each were euthanatized and examined at days 89, 180, 262, and 328 after inoculation. Microscopic lesions first were seen in the medial retropharyngeal lymph node and lung 28 and 42 days after …
Nitric Oxide Production As An Indication Of Mycobacterium Bovis Infection In White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus), W. R. Waters, M. V. Palmer, R. E. Sacco, D. L. Whipple
Nitric Oxide Production As An Indication Of Mycobacterium Bovis Infection In White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus), W. R. Waters, M. V. Palmer, R. E. Sacco, D. L. Whipple
Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database
White-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ) are reservoirs for Mycobacterium bovis in northeast Michigan, USA. Production of nitric oxide (NO) by activated macrophages is a potent mechanism of mycobacterial killing. The capacity of macrophages to produce NO, however, varies among mammalian species. The objective of this study was to determine if mononuclear cells from white-tailed deer produce nitrite as an indication of NO production and, if so, is NO produced in response to stimulation with M. bovis antigens. Supernatants were harvested from adherent peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures that had been stimulated with either Mannheimia haemolytica lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or …
Mycobacterium Bovis–Infected White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus): Detection Of Immunoglobulin Specific To Crude Mycobacterial Antigens By Elisa, W. Ray Waters, Mitchell V. Palmer, Diana L. Whipple
Mycobacterium Bovis–Infected White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus): Detection Of Immunoglobulin Specific To Crude Mycobacterial Antigens By Elisa, W. Ray Waters, Mitchell V. Palmer, Diana L. Whipple
Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database
White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) have recently emerged as a source of Mycobacterium bovis infection for cattle within North America. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibody response of M. bovis–infected deer to crude mycobacterial antigens. Deer were experimentally inoculated with M. bovis strain 1315 either by intratonsilar instillation or by exposure to M. bovis–infected (i.e., in contact) deer. To determine the time course of the response, including the effects of antigen administration for comparative cervical skin testing, serum was collected periodically and evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for immunoglobulin (i.e., IgG heavy …
Bovine Tuberculosis In Michigan Wildlife And Livestock, Stephen M. Schmitt, Daniel J. O'Brien, Colleen S. Brunning-Fann, Scott D. Fitzgerald
Bovine Tuberculosis In Michigan Wildlife And Livestock, Stephen M. Schmitt, Daniel J. O'Brien, Colleen S. Brunning-Fann, Scott D. Fitzgerald
Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database
Since 1994, the state of Michigan has recognized a problem with bovine tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium bovis, in wild white-tailed deer from a 12-county area in northeastern Lower Michigan. A total of 65,000 free-ranging deer have been tested, and 340 have been found to be positive for M. bovis. The disease has been found in other wildlife species, and, in 1998, in domestic cattle, where to date 13 beef cattle and 2 dairy cattle herds have been diagnosed with bovine TB. Unfortunately, the situation is unique in that there have never been reports of self-sustaining bovine TB …
Influence Of Protein Tyrosine Kinases On Cell Volume Change-Induced Taurine Release, Herminia Pasantes-Morales, Rodrigo Franco
Influence Of Protein Tyrosine Kinases On Cell Volume Change-Induced Taurine Release, Herminia Pasantes-Morales, Rodrigo Franco
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
Taurine efflux occurs in association with cell swelling in both hyposmotic and isosmotic conditions and during cell shrinkage in apoptotic death. Release occurs through a leak pathway, is largely Ca2+-independent and is sensitive to Cl– channel blockers. Taurine efflux elicited by hyposmolarity is reduced or suppressed by tyrosine kinase blockers and increased by tyrosine phosphatase inhibitors. The specific kinases involved are still unknown and may be different in the various cell types. Non-receptor and scr-related protein kinases have been identified in some cells as elements that directly phosphorylate the taurine efflux pathway. Possible tyrosine kinase targets are …
Mechanisms Counteracting Swelling In Brain Cells During Hyponatremia, Herminia Pasantes-Morales, Rodrigo Franco, Benito Ordaz, Lenin D. Ochoa
Mechanisms Counteracting Swelling In Brain Cells During Hyponatremia, Herminia Pasantes-Morales, Rodrigo Franco, Benito Ordaz, Lenin D. Ochoa
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
Water gain in the brain consequent to hyponatremia is counteracted by mechanisms that initially include a compensatory displacement of liquid from the interstitial space to cerebrospinal fluid and systemic circulation and subsequently an active reduction in cell water accomplished by extrusion of intracellular osmolytes to reach osmotic equilibrium. Potassium (K+), chloride (Cl–), amino acids, polyalcohols, and methylamines all contribute to volume regulation, with a major contribution of ions at the early phase and of organic osmolytes at the late phase of the regulatory process. Experimental models in vitro show that osmolyte fluxes occur via leak pathways …
Mycobacterium Smegmatis D-Alanine Racemase Mutants Are Not Dependent On D-Alanine For Growth, Ofelia Chacon, Zhengyu Feng, N. Beth Harris , Nancy E. Caceres, Garry Adams, Raul G. Barletta
Mycobacterium Smegmatis D-Alanine Racemase Mutants Are Not Dependent On D-Alanine For Growth, Ofelia Chacon, Zhengyu Feng, N. Beth Harris , Nancy E. Caceres, Garry Adams, Raul G. Barletta
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
Mycobacterium smegmatis is a fast-growing nonpathogenic species particularly useful in studying basic cellular processes of relevance to pathogenic mycobacteria. This study focused on the D-alanine racemase gene (alrA), which is involved in the synthesis of D-alanine, a basic component of peptidoglycan that forms the backbone of the cell wall. M. smegmatis alrA null mutants were generated by homologous recombination using a kanamycin resistance marker for insertional inactivation. Mutants were selected on Middlebrook medium supplemented with 50 mM D-alanine and 20 μg of kanamycin per ml. These mutants were also able to grow in standard and minimal media without …
Predicting The Spatial Dynamics Of Rabies Epidemics On Heterogeneous Landscapes, David L. Smith, Brendan Lucey, Lance A. Waller, James E. Childs, Leslie A. Real
Predicting The Spatial Dynamics Of Rabies Epidemics On Heterogeneous Landscapes, David L. Smith, Brendan Lucey, Lance A. Waller, James E. Childs, Leslie A. Real
Other Publications in Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease
Often as an epidemic spreads, the leading front is irregular, reflecting spatial variation in local transmission rates. We developed a methodology for quantifying spatial variation in rates of disease spread across heterogeneous landscapes. Based on data for epidemic raccoon rabies in Connecticut, we developed a stochastic spatial model of rabies spread through the state’s 169 townships. We quantified spatial variation in transmission rates associated with human demography and key habitat features. We found that large rivers act as semipermeable barriers, leading to a 7-fold reduction in the local rates of propagation. By combining the spatial distribution of major rivers with …
The Federal Role In Regulating Alternative Livestock Operations, Jose R. Diez, Mike Gilsdorf, Robert Werge
The Federal Role In Regulating Alternative Livestock Operations, Jose R. Diez, Mike Gilsdorf, Robert Werge
Other Publications in Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease
This paper discusses one aspect of federal regulation for alternative livestock, namely that concerned with the health status of animal agriculture. Federal responsibility for animal health programs rests with Veterinary Services (VS), a unit of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), an agency of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). The objective of this paper is to briefly describe three aspects ofVS' policy that have a potential to impact alternative livestock as well as free ranging wildlife. These are (1) using cooperative state-federal programs to eliminate diseases in alternative livestock, (2) collaborating on health issues with a …
Active Surveillance For Scrapie By Third Eyelid Biopsy And Genetic Susceptibility Testing Of Flocks Of Sheep In Wyoming, Katherine I. O'Rourke, John V. Duncan, James R. Logan, Anne K. Anderson, Dianne K. Norden, Elizabeth S. Williams, Bret A. Combs, Robert H. Stobart, Gary E. Moss, Diane L. Sutton
Active Surveillance For Scrapie By Third Eyelid Biopsy And Genetic Susceptibility Testing Of Flocks Of Sheep In Wyoming, Katherine I. O'Rourke, John V. Duncan, James R. Logan, Anne K. Anderson, Dianne K. Norden, Elizabeth S. Williams, Bret A. Combs, Robert H. Stobart, Gary E. Moss, Diane L. Sutton
Other Publications in Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease
Control of scrapie, an ovine transmissible spongiform encephalopathy or prion disorder, has been hampered by the lack of conventional antemortem diagnostic tests. Currently, scrapie is diagnosed by postmortem examination of the brain and lymphoid tissues for PrPSc, the protein marker for this group of disorders. For live, asymptomatic sheep, diagnosis using tonsil or third-eyelid lymphoid tissue biopsy and PrPSc assay has been described. To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of third-eyelid testing for identification of infected flocks and individual infected sheep, 690 sheep from 22 flocks were sampled by third-eyelid lymphoid tissue biopsy and immunohistochemistry. Sheep were …
Preclinical Diagnosis Of Chronic Wasting Disease In Captive Mule Deer (Odocoileus Hemionus) And White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus) Using Tonsillar Biopsy, Margaret A. Wild, Terry R. Spraker, Christina J. Sigurdson, Katherine I. O'Rourke, Michael W. Miller
Preclinical Diagnosis Of Chronic Wasting Disease In Captive Mule Deer (Odocoileus Hemionus) And White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus) Using Tonsillar Biopsy, Margaret A. Wild, Terry R. Spraker, Christina J. Sigurdson, Katherine I. O'Rourke, Michael W. Miller
Other Publications in Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease
The usefulness of tonsillar biopsy on live deer for preclinical diagnosis of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathy chronic wasting disease (CWD) was evaluated. Disease was tracked in a CWD-endemic herd using serial tonsillar biopsies collected at 6 to 9 month intervals from 34 captive mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) and five white-tailed deer (O. virginianus). Tonsillar biopsies were examined for accumulation of PrPCWD, the protein marker for infection, using immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. 26/34 (76%) mule deer and 4/5 (80%) white-tailed deer had PrPCWD accumulation in tonsillar biopsies; CWD was subsequently confirmed by post-mortem examination in …
Pregnancy Status And Fetal Prion Genetics Determine PrpSc Accumulation In Placentomes Of Scrapieinfected Sheep, Wenbin Tuo, Katherine I. O'Rourke, Dongyue Zhuang, William P. Cheevers, Terry R. Spraker, Donald P. Knowles
Pregnancy Status And Fetal Prion Genetics Determine PrpSc Accumulation In Placentomes Of Scrapieinfected Sheep, Wenbin Tuo, Katherine I. O'Rourke, Dongyue Zhuang, William P. Cheevers, Terry R. Spraker, Donald P. Knowles
Other Publications in Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease
Ovine scrapie is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder that may be transmitted through exposure to infected uterine and placental tissues. Susceptibility to scrapie is primarily controlled by polymorphisms in the prion protein (PrP) gene. Scrapie in the U.S. Suffolk breed and in many breeds in Europe occurs in sheep homozygous for glutamine (171QQ), but rarely in sheep heterozygous for glutamine and arginine (171QR) or homozygous for arginine (171RR) at codon 171 of the PrP gene. This study demonstrated that accumulation of PrPSc in uterine-placental epithelial cells in the placentome was determined by fetal PrP genotype and the pregnancy status of …
Tonsillar Lesions In White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus) Naturally Infected With Mycobacterium Bovis, M. V. Palmer, D. L. Whipple, K. L. Butler, S. D. Fitzgerald, C. S. Bruning-Fann, S. M. Schmitt
Tonsillar Lesions In White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus) Naturally Infected With Mycobacterium Bovis, M. V. Palmer, D. L. Whipple, K. L. Butler, S. D. Fitzgerald, C. S. Bruning-Fann, S. M. Schmitt
Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database
In 1994, a free-living white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Michigan was diagnosed with tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis (Schmitt and others 1997). Subsequent surveys conducted by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources and Michigan State University Animal Health Diagnostic Laboratory identified an epidemic of M bovis infection in free-living white-tailed deer in northeast Michigan (Schmitt and others 1997, O'Brien and others 2001). This represents the first known reservoir of M bovis in free-living wildlife in the USA, and the first known epidemic of tuberculosis in white-tailed deer anywhere in the world.