Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Adhesion (1)
- Biofilm (1)
- Biofilms (1)
- Calcification (1)
- Carbonateapatite (1)
-
- Catheter (1)
- Catheter encrustation (1)
- Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (1)
- Catheters (1)
- Components (1)
- Controlled release (1)
- Encrustation (1)
- Infection (1)
- Mineral (1)
- Proteus mirabilis (1)
- Silicone latex urethral (1)
- Struvite (1)
- Urinary (1)
- Urinary calculus (1)
- Urolithiasis (1)
- Uropathogens (1)
- X -ray scanning microscopy (1)
- X-ray microanalysis (1)
Articles 1 - 4 of 4
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Biofilm Mediated Calculus Formation In The Urinary Tract, Robert J. C. Mclean, David J. Stickler, J. Curtis Nickel
Biofilm Mediated Calculus Formation In The Urinary Tract, Robert J. C. Mclean, David J. Stickler, J. Curtis Nickel
Cells and Materials
Mineralization and subsequent calculus formation is a common complication of biofilm infections. In the urinary tract, these infected calculi often arise from infections by urease-producing bacteria. Ammonia, liberated by bacterial urease activity, increases urine pH, resulting in the precipitation of Ca and Mg as carbonateapatite {Ca10(PO4,CO3)6(OH,CO3)2} and struvite (NH4MgP04·6H2O). These minerals become entrapped in the organic matrix which surrounds the infecting organisms and ultimately grow into mature calculi. When the causative organisms grow on urinary catheters and stents, the resulting mineralization can …
Feasability Of Preventing Encrustation Of Urinary Catheters, J. M. Bibby, A. J. Cox, D. W. L. Hukins
Feasability Of Preventing Encrustation Of Urinary Catheters, J. M. Bibby, A. J. Cox, D. W. L. Hukins
Cells and Materials
Colonization of urinary catheters by bacteria which produce urease leads to an increase in urine pH, followed by deposition of the minerals struvite and hydroxyapatite. Adhesion of these encrusting deposits can be reduced, but not prevented, by using catheters with a smooth surface finish. Chemical methods for preventing encrustation are not completely satisfactory. A better way of preventing encrustation would be to prevent colonization of the catheter by bacteria. This might be achieved by controlled release of antimicrobial agents directly into the urine from the catheter itself. Preliminary experiments have demonstrated the feasibility of controlled release from solid silicone. However, …
Some Observations On The Structure Of Encrusting Biofilms Of Proteus Mirabilis On Urethral Catheters, C. Winters, D. J. Stickler, N. S. Howe, T. J. Williams, N. Wilkinson, C. J. Buckley
Some Observations On The Structure Of Encrusting Biofilms Of Proteus Mirabilis On Urethral Catheters, C. Winters, D. J. Stickler, N. S. Howe, T. J. Williams, N. Wilkinson, C. J. Buckley
Cells and Materials
A physical model of the bladder has been used to study the process of urinary catheter encrustation. Techniques have been devised for the preparation of sections through these encrustations in situ on the luminal surfaces of catheters and for mapping the distribution of calcium and magnesium in the biofilms. Transmission electron microscopy on these sections showed struvite-like crystals lying in the matrix and in direct contact with the catheter surface. Calcium phosphate ("bioapatite") was distributed throughout the film and many of these amorphous particles appear to have cells at their cores. Freeze-substituted sections of biofilms also showed electron dense materials …
The Binding Of Urinary Components And Uropathogens To A Silicone Latex Urethral Catheter, G. Reid, C. Tieszer, R. Foerch, H. J. Busscher, A. E. Khoury, H. C. Van Der Mei
The Binding Of Urinary Components And Uropathogens To A Silicone Latex Urethral Catheter, G. Reid, C. Tieszer, R. Foerch, H. J. Busscher, A. E. Khoury, H. C. Van Der Mei
Cells and Materials
The adhesion of uropathogens to urethral catheters initiates the infectious process which causes morbidity in a large patient population. Catheters were examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy after use in three patients and following incubation in vitro with human urine, urea and creatinine, and found to have adsorbed a conditioning film containing carbon, nitrogen and in some cases phosphorous, calcium and sodium containing components. The binding of three strains of uropathogenic bacteria to the catheter surface was significantly influenced by the suspending fluid composition.