Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Sirtuin 6 Activation Rescues The Age-Related Decline In Dna Damage Repair In Primary Human Chondrocytes, Michaela E. Copp, Jacqueline Shine, Hannon L. Brown, Kirti R. Nimmala, Oliver B. Hansen, Susan Chubinskaya, John A. Collins, Richard F. Loeser, Brian O. Diekman

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

While advanced age is widely recognized as the greatest risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA), the biological mechanisms behind this connection remain unclear. Previous work has demonstrated that chondrocytes from older cadaveric donors have elevated levels of DNA damage as compared to chondrocytes from younger donors. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a decline in DNA repair efficiency is one explanation for the accumulation of DNA damage with age, and to quantify the improvement in repair with activation of Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6). After acute damage with irradiation, DNA repair was shown to be more efficient in chondrocytes from …

Role Of Preoperative Nerve Conduction Studies For Penetrating Hand Injuries Involving The Median Palmar Cutaneous Nerve, Saral Patel, David Hutchinson, Sebastian D. Arango, Andrew J. Miller, Rowena Mcbeath

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

Penetrating lacerations to the hand are a common cause of nerve injury and can lead to debilitating pain and numbness in the distribution of the nerve affected. Owing to an overlap in the cutaneous innervation from different sensory nerves, clinically identifying the injured nerve can be difficult. We present a novel case of isolated injury to the palmar cutaneous nerve from a penetrating knife injury which was detected using 'comparison waveform' nerve conduction studies. Using this technique, we can isolate injuries to the palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve (PCBmdn) from the median nerve, dorsal radial sensory nerve, and …

Loss Of Function Mutation In Ank Causes Aberrant Mineralization And Acquisition Of Osteoblast-Like-Phenotype By The Cells Of The Intervertebral Disc, Takashi Ohnishi, Victoria Tran, Kimheak Sao, Pranay Ramteke, William Querido, Ruteja A. Barve, Koen Van De Wetering, Makarand V. Risbud

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

Pathological mineralization of intervertebral disc is debilitating and painful and linked to disc degeneration in a subset of human patients. An adenosine triphosphate efflux transporter, progressive ankylosis (ANK) is a regulator of extracellular inorganic pyrophosphate levels and plays an important role in tissue mineralization. However, the function of ANK in intervertebral disc has not been fully explored. Herein we analyzed the spinal phenotype of Ank mutant mice (ank/ank) with attenuated ANK function. Micro-computed tomography and histological analysis showed that loss of ANK function results in the aberrant annulus fibrosus mineralization and peripheral disc fusions with cranial to caudal progression in …

Multiple Sterile Withdrawals From Iohexol Bottles Does Not Increase Contamination Risk, Caroline Purtill, Manraj Dhesi, Daniel Haber, Nicholas D'Antonio, Noreen J. Hickok, Jeremy I. Simon

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: There is a global shortage of iohexol contrast media, commonly used in epidural injections, as a result of lockdown and decreased production due to COVID-19. Iohexol bottles are designated for single use, which, depending on the vials available, often leads to wasting up to 95% of this limited resource. However, avoiding multiple withdrawals may be unnecessary if withdrawing multiple times using sterile technique does not increase the risk for contamination.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of our study is to determine whether multiple withdrawals from iohexol injection bottles using a sterile technique poses a greater risk of introducing contaminants than a …

Extracellular Targets To Reduce Excessive Scarring In Response To Tissue Injury, Jolanta Fertala, Mark L. Wang, Michael Rivlin, Pedro K. Beredjiklian, Joseph Abboud, William V. Arnold, Andrzej Fertala

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

Excessive scar formation is a hallmark of localized and systemic fibrotic disorders. Despite extensive studies to define valid anti-fibrotic targets and develop effective therapeutics, progressive fibrosis remains a significant medical problem. Regardless of the injury type or location of wounded tissue, excessive production and accumulation of collagen-rich extracellular matrix is the common denominator of all fibrotic disorders. A long-standing dogma was that anti-fibrotic approaches should focus on overall intracellular processes that drive fibrotic scarring. Because of the poor outcomes of these approaches, scientific efforts now focus on regulating the extracellular components of fibrotic tissues. Crucial extracellular players include cellular receptors …