Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Higher Muscle Tissue Oxygenation When Exposed To Hypobaric Hypoxia Than Normobaric Hypoxia, Christina N. Angeli, Robert J. Shute, Dustin R. Slivka

Journal of Human Performance in Extreme Environments

There has been recent debate on the potential difference in physiological response between exposure to simulated altitude (normobaric hypoxia) and terrestrial altitude (hypobaric hypoxia). Purpose: To determine the difference in the physiological response to normobaric and hypobaric hypoxia during exercise. Methods: Eight recreationally active subjects (27 ± 5 y old, 73.1 ± 7.4 kg body weight, 170.6 ± 6.7 cm height, and 19.3 ± 9.2 % body fat) completed incremental cycling exercise to volitional fatigue in three separate environments: normobaric normoxia (NN; 350 m), normobaric hypoxia (NH; simulated 3094 m), and hypobaric hypoxia (HH; 3094 m). Heart rate, blood oxygen …

Effects Of Exercise For Depression, Rebecca Gleason

Health, Leisure, and Sport Sciences Undergraduate Work

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exercise for adolescents, middle-aged adults, and older adults with depression.

Literature from thirty-four professional medical journals and eight professional websites were reviewed. The resulting information was organized into categories as described in the purpose of the study.

In 2017, it was estimated that 17.3 million adults living in the United States had at least one major depressive episode, which came to be 7.1% of all adults (DBSA, 2019). In a 2019 review, causes of depression were related to personal factors, some being personality, drug or alcohol use, family history, …

The Effect Of Exercise On College Students' Overall Health, Tanner Steineke

Honors Thesis

Introduction: Many individuals are not attaining the World Health Organization and American Heart Association’s recommendations for daily physical activity. Physical activity habits are developed during young adulthood and it is therefore important to study barriers to physical activity in college students.

Objectives: Investigate the relationship between college student’s physical activity and their overall health. Methods: Data was collected by circulating an online survey to students on the University of South Dakota campus. Several survey questions were used from the SF-36 and the National College Health Assessment. Measures included mental health, physical activity, overall health, diet, and sleep habits.

Results: Results …

Effect Of Food Intake On Rer Values During Submaximal Treadmill Exercise, Emily Dyment, Luke Beamer, Caitie Mayo, Alin Richards

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

The purpose of this experiment was to observe the extent to which food consumption prior to exercise affects fuel oxidation during submaximal exercise.It was hypothesized that individuals in the fasted state will utilize fat oxidation as the primary fuel source longer than individuals fed prior to exercise. This will be reflected by lower RER values throughout the graded exercise protocol.

Inducing Incentive Sensitization Of Exercise Reinforcement Among Adults Who Do Not Regularly Exercise—A Randomized Controlled Trial, Kyle D. Flack, Kelsey Elise Ufholz, Luann Johnson, James N. Roemmich

Dietetics and Human Nutrition Faculty Publications

Background

Increasing exercise reinforcement, or decreasing sedentary reinforcement, may reduce sedentary activity and promote habitual exercise. Repeated exposures to a reinforcer may increase its reinforcing value (i.e., incentive sensitization). It is not yet known whether incentive sensitization occurs for exercise or factors associated with incentive sensitization for exercise reinforcement. The purpose was to determine whether exercise exposures increase exercise reinforcement relative to a sedentary alternative and whether this sensitization of exercise reinforcement would alter physical or sedentary behavior. This work also determined whether exercise dose, intensity, and preference and tolerance for exercise intensity were associated with incentive sensitization of exercise. …

The Impact Of Power Training On Balance And Visual Feedback Removal, Juliana Bouton

Senior Honors Theses

Because power training has been known to augment stability, the purpose of this study was to assess whether the removal of visual input affects lower limb muscle power production in young women who are resistance trained to the same degree it affects the untrained. This provided insight as far as the need for resistance training protocols in a largely untrained visually impaired population. To study this, fourteen college-aged female participants (18-23 years) performed a seated double-leg press on a leg sled machine, isolating power production of the lower limbs. After establishing baselines, which involved finding an average of power produced …

The Impact Of Power Training On Balance And Visual Feedback Removal, Juliana Bouton

Juliana Bouton

Exercise Testing And Prescription For Type Ii Diabetes, Eric Jamison, Adonus Lee, Kira Ramsey

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

No abstract provided.

Type I Diabetes And Exercise, Tia Howell, Anna Henderson

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Exercise On Cognition And Adls In Males With Dementia, Kayla Curatolo

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

The purpose of this study was to identify how a 16 week exercise program affects cognitive functioning and ADLs in male dementia patients living in nursing homes. It was hypothesized that a 16 week exercise program would improve cognition and ADLs.

Exercise Participation And Indicators Of Skeletal Muscle Health In Women With Hypothyroidism, Ryan A. Gordon, Gena D. Guerin, Emily L. Zumbro, Ann O. Amuta, Anthony A. Duplanty

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Women with hypothyroidism report undesirable skeletal muscle symptoms at rest and during exercise. The severity of skeletal muscle symptoms may influence an individual’s willingness and capacity to exercise. PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine the relationship between exercise and skeletal muscle symptoms at rest and during exercise in women with hypothyroidism. METHODS: An online survey was completed by female participants diagnosed with hypothyroidism currently undergoing prescribed thyroid hormone treatment (n=580). Participants responded to questions related to basal muscle symptoms (MS), and muscle pain (MP) and fatigue (MF) experienced during exercise. Participants reported the type of exercise they performed, …

Exercise Cerebral Blood Flow Hemodynamics Differ In Hot Dry And Humid Conditions, Julianna J. Kilpatrick, Paolo Miguel Salvador, Kyleigh Allie, Eric Rivas

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Passive and exercise-heat stress have been reported to cause reductions in cerebral blood flow (CBF); however, it is unknown if CBF velocity is different under hot dry and humid conditions. PURPOSE: This project tested the hypothesis that upright rest and exercise-heat stress in hot dry and humid conditions result in similar CBF reductions. METHODS: Seven healthy active (7 day activity: 9887±3564 steps/day; VO₂max: 52±10 mL/kg/min) subjects (5M/2F, 24±9y, 171±6cm, 68±7kg) completed a 30 min baseline rest followed by 60 min of exercise at a rate of perceived exertion (RPE) of 12 (between light and somewhat hard) on a …

A Family History Of Type 2 Diabetes Does Not Impact Skeletal Muscle Lipid Content, Jasmin Jenkins, Sudip Bajpeyi

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

A high intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) has been associated not only with insulin resistance, obesity, and type 2 diabetes; but also in insulin sensitive endurance trained athletes – known as “athlete’s paradox”. A family history of type 2 diabetes (FH+) has been shown as a risk factor for the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, it is unclear whether a FH+ affects IMCL content and exercise induced changes in IMCL when compared to those without a family history of type 2 diabetes (FH-). PURPOSE: The purpose of this study were 1) to compare IMCL content between …

The Effects Of A Single Bout Of Endurance Exercise On Glucose Transporter-4 (Glut-4) Content, Manuel Gomez, Sudip Bajpeyi

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Glucose Transporter protein-4 (GLUT-4) is considered the predominant glucose transporter in skeletal muscle. Exercise has been shown to increase glucose uptake and GLUT-4 protein content in skeletal muscle following muscle contraction. PURPOSE: To determine the acute effects of a single bout of moderate intensity endurance exercise on skeletal muscle GLUT-4 content. METHODS: 10 healthy male volunteers (age: 24.4 ± 1.3 years; BMI 23.16 ± 0.60 kg/m²) participated in a single bout of endurance exercise on a cycle ergometer at 65% maximal aerobic capacity (VO_2max) for 1.5 – 2.0 hours (650kcal). Muscle biopsies were obtained from the vastus …

Exercise Leads To Increase In Smaller Lipid Droplet Morphology In Peripheral Region Of Muscle Fiber, Victoria Rosas

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

In a previous study, we have shown that high fat overfeeding results in decreased smaller lipid droplet density in the peripheral region of skeletal muscle fiber. This decrease was associated with high fat overfeeding induced weight gain and insulin resistance. However, it is not clear whether an acute bout of exercise (elevated fat oxidation state) affects lipid droplet size. PURPOSE: To determine the effects of a single bout of endurance exercise on skeletal muscle lipid content and lipid droplet size. METHODS: Ten healthy male volunteers (Mean ± SEM; age: 23.11 ± 0.98; BMI: 23.27 ± 0.50 kg/m²) participated …

Skin Temperature And High Dew Point In Hot Environments Affects Self-Paced Exercise, Paolo Miguel Salvador, Julianna Kilpatrick, Kyleigh Allie, Eric Rivas

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Dew point (dp) is the absolute measure of water vapor and directly affects comfort whereas 5-10℃ feels dry; 10-15℃ feels comfortable and 20-24℃ feels uncomfortable. PURPOSE: This project tested the hypothesis that exercise in hot ambient conditions with a high dp (>20℃) would affect the selection of self-paced exercise compared to neutral dry conditions (dp). METHODS: Six healthy active (7 day activity: 9826±3900 steps/day; VO₂max: 52±10 mL/kg/min ) subjects (4M/2F, 25±9y, 171±6cm, 69±7kg) completed a 30 min baseline rest then 60 min of exercise intensity they chose that represents their perceived exertion of 12 …

Inflammation-Associated Rna Signaling Is Reduced Following A Half-Marathon Race When Supplemented With Curcumin And A Pomegranate Extract, Elizabeth A. Tanner, Melody A. Gary, Asheal A. Davis, Brian K. Mcfarlin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Prolonged endurance exercise performances provide a unique model for investigating the combined effects of oxidative stress and eccentric muscle contraction on differential gene expression with nutritional interventions known to blunt inflammation. Dietary polyphenols (i.e. curcumin, pomegranate, etc.) have been shown to reduce exercise-induced inflammation associated mRNA and protein expression with fewer side effects than NSAIDs. PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of combined curcumin (500-1000 mg/d; Longvida®) and pomegranate extract (500-1000 mg/d; Pomella®) supplement for 30-days on mRNA expression following a half marathon race. METHODS: All protocols were approved by the University IRB committee and participants gave written informed consent. Participants …

Using Dietary Polyphenols To Manage Post Exercise Inflammation, Melody A. Gary, Elizabeth A. Tanner, Brian K. Mcfarlin, Asheal A. Davis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Individuals participating in prolonged exercise sessions and associated training experience regular inflammation and muscle soreness. Natural products with known anti-inflammatory and/or oxidative stress blocking effects represent attractive options to traditional NSAID treatments. PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of combined curcumin (500-1000 mg/d; Longvida®), pomegranate extract (500-1000 mg/d; Pomella®), and Methylsulfonylmethane (500-1000 mg/d; OptiMSM®) supplement for 30-days on protein inflammatory biomarkers, inflammation-associated RNA, and oxidative. METHODS: All protocols were approved by the University IRB committee and participants gave written informed consent. Subjects were supplemented for 30-d prior to the half marathon race. Venous blood samples were collected for serum or RNA …

Circulating Inflammatory And Oxidative Stress Responses To Steady-State Moderate-Intensity And High-Intensity Interval Exercise In Mid-Spectrum Chronic Kidney Disease, Matthew Peterson, Jeffrey S. Forsse, James K. Taylor, Zach Papadakis, Nick Schwedock, Burritt Hess, Jackson O. Griggs Md, Crawford Allison, Ron Wilson Md, Kathleen Adair, Mitch Cholewinski, Peter Grandjean

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Inflammation and oxidative stress can be potent modulators of vascular function. These factors may transiently respond to moderate-intensity steady state exercise (SSE) in a manner that improves post-exercise vascular function in healthy adults. Whether exercise imparts similar effects in adults with Stage 3 or 4 chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains understudied. Moreover, a comparison of SSE and high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) may add to clinically-relevant findings for improving vascular function in mid-spectrum CKD. PURPOSE: To determine the influence of SSE and a comparable amount of HIIE on post-exercise inflammation and oxidative stress in patients diagnosed with secondary Stage 3 or …

Renal Function Responses To Steady-State Moderate-Intensity And High-Intensity Interval Exercise In Mid-Spectrum Chronic Kidney Disease, Kathleen E. Adair, Jeffrey S. Forsse 4681817, Matthew Peterson, Zacharias Papadakis, Mitch Cholewinski, Peter Grandjean

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Efficacy of exercise to improve renal function remains understudied in adults with mid-spectrum chronic kidney disease (CKD). In addition, a comparison of steady-state exercise (SSE) and high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) may contribute clinically-relevant information for exercise-related augmentation of renal function in mid-spectrum CKD. PURPOSE: To determine the influence of SSE and a comparable amount of HIIE on indicators of post-exercise renal function in patients diagnosed with secondary Stage 3 or 4 CKD. METHODS: Twenty participants (n = 6 men; n = 14 women; age 62.0 + 9.9 yr; weight 80.9 + 16.2 kg; body fat 37.3 + 8.5% …

Association Between Perceived Physical Activity And Cognitive Function In Older Adults, Paul D. Loprinzi, Emily Frith

Faculty and Student Publications

© The Author(s) 2018. There is irrefutable evidence that regular participation in physical activity is favorably associated with numerous positive health outcomes, including cognitive function. Emerging work suggests that perceived physical activity, independent of actual physical activity behavior, is inversely associated with mortality risk. In this study, we evaluate whether perceived physical activity, independent of actual physical activity, is associated with cognitive function, a robust indicator of mortality risk. Data from the cross-sectional 1999–2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were employed (N = 2352; 60+ years of age). Actual physical activity was assessed via a validated survey. Perceived physical …

Acute Exercise And Mindfulness Meditation On Learning And Memory: Randomized Controlled Intervention, Malina Austin, Paul D. Loprinzi

Faculty and Student Publications

© 2019 The Author(s). Background: The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the potential combined effects of acute exercise and mindfulness mediation on episodic memory. Methods: All data collection occurred in the authors’ laboratory (January to May of 2019). In this three-arm, within-subject design, participants (N=20; Mage=21.6 years) completed three counterbalanced laboratory visits, including Exercise Only, Exercise + Meditation and Control. Learning and memory were assessed from a word-list task. A one-factor repeated-measures ANOVA was computed for two memory outcomes, including the learning outcome (average performance across the 6 trials) and the long-term memory recall (10-minute delay). Results: The …

Understanding The Intersection Of Cannabis And Physical Activity, Lukas E. Coppen

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Cannabis use has been gaining wider social acceptance, and with increased legalization cannabis users are talking more openly about how and why they consume cannabis. Moreover, professional and non-professional athletes are openly discussing their cannabis use in training. There is a distinct lack of cannabis research in humans, particularly as it relates to physical activity (PA). PURPOSE: To understand how and why people use cannabis with PA as well as categorizing the preferred mode of PA users engage in. METHODS: Subjects (n = 101; with ages ranging from 18-55 years old) participated in an anonymous online survey if they reported …

Effects Of Heat Stress And Exercise On Shooting Performance, Patrick R. Lindecker

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of exercise and acute heat stress on marksmanship performance measures of accuracy, precision, aim time, and distance travelled by the point of aim in trained US military veterans. Methods: Subjects (N=8) (height 184.1 ± 10.9 cm (SD), weight 92.1 ± 10.6 kg, 21.1 ± 8.9% body fat, VO_2max 47.25 ± 7.36 mL/kg/min, age 26.8 ± 4.3 yrs.) completed one-hour of walking at 50% VO_2max in a hot (35˚C, 30% maximal relative humidity) or cool (22˚C, 30% maximal relative humidity) environment. Core temperature, heart …

Exercise And Patient Populations: A Community-Based Exercise Intervention On Cancer And Type 2 Diabetes, Cynthia Villalobos

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Cancer and diabetes are the second and seventh leading causes of death in the United States, respectively (Kochanek et al., 2017). When including prediabetes and the entire cancer continuum, both diseases affect over 150 million individuals in the United States each year (Bullard et al., 2018; Siegel et al., 2019). Furthermore, there exists an alarming rise in patients presenting with both type 2 diabetes and obesity-related cancers concurrently, as both diseases share similar risk factors (Vigneri et al., 2009). An aging adult population, physical inactivity and unhealthy eating habits are continuing to rise, and the prevalence of individuals with obesity-related …