Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Rural Heterosexual Female Adolescents' Decision-Making About Sexual Intercourse And Pregnancy In Ontario, Paulina Ezer

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Rural areas in Ontario tend to have higher rates of adolescent pregnancy. A constructivist grounded theory methodology was used to gain an in-depth understanding of rural female adolescents’ decision-making process regarding sexual intercourse and their reproductive health, and how they view rural factors and circumstances influencing this process. The adolescent sexual decision-making process that emerged from the analysis involved prioritizing four influences that affect and are affected by the rural context: personal values and circumstances, family values and expectations, friends’ influences, and community influences. Findings will improve our understanding of how rural female adolescents make choices regarding their reproductive health. …

Life Experiences Of Youth Who Were Born With Hiv Infection In Puerto Rico: The Voices Of Young Survivors, Georgina Silva-Suarez

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART) transformed the pediatric HIV epidemic. The disease changed significantly over the course of three decades: while early in the epidemic it was almost always fatal, it has become a chronic condition.

This study examined how perinatally-infected youth experience the impact of HIV in their lives. A qualitative study using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was conducted. Twenty in-depth interviews were carried out among 12 women and 8 men aged 18 to 30 years in Puerto Rico. These were conducted in Spanish, audio-recorded, transcribed and translated into English. While narrating their experiences, participants were interpreting what …

The Effect Of Perceived And Structural Neighborhood Conditions On Adolescents' Physical Activity And Sedentary Behaviors, Jinseok Kim, Jihong Liu, Natalie Colabianchi, Russell Pate

Jihong Liu

No abstract provided.

Physical Activity And Electronic Media Use In The Search For Diabetes In Youth Case-Control Study, Felipe Lobelo, Angela Liese, Jihong Liu, Elizabeth Mayer-Davis, Ralph D'Agostino, Jr., Russell Pate, Richard Hamman, Dana Dabelea

Jihong Liu

No abstract provided.

An Integrative Review Of Literature Regarding Health Concerns Of Rural Dwelling Adolescents, Donna Scott Tilley, Gayle Roux, Fuqin Liu, Kyoung-Eun Lee, Suzanne Ackers, Vicki L. Zeigler

Online Journal of Rural Research & Policy

Those living in rural areas face particular risks to health and well-being as they are more likely to be poor, have no health insurance, and have less access to health care. Many obstacles exist in achieving optimal rural health outcomes. Many of the health related issues experienced by adolescents are preventable and are often related to risky behavior such as substance use and abuse, smoking, and unprotected sex. The purpose of this review is to define the current primary health concerns of rural dwelling adolescents worldwide. Based on current research, the primary health related problems of rural adolescents were identified …

Adolescence And Sexuality, Joav Merrick, Ariel Tenenbaum, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Metabolic Syndrome In Obese African American Adolescents, Yulyu Yeh

Wayne State University Dissertations

Limited research regarding metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been conducted in obese African American adolescents (OAAA) using the International Diabetes Federation IDF criteria. MetS is a constellation of risk factors that increase the risk for chronic diseases and is defined as presence of any 3 or more of the 5 criteria: fasting glucose 100mg/dl, waist circumference 90th percentile, triglycerides 150 mg/dl, blood pressure (BP) 130/85 mmHg and HDL < 40mg/dl. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of MetS in OAAA by using the IDF criteria and the relationship with diet, fast food consumption, nutrition knowledge, home food environment (HFE), and serum calcium, leptin, 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D (1, 25 D3) levels. One hundred and fifty one OAAA (mean age: 14.3 ± 1.4 years, 65.6% girls, mean BMI: 37.4±7.2 kg/m2) in a metropolitan area took part in this study. Anthropometric data and fasting blood samples were collected. Participants completed a set of questionnaires regarding diet, fast food consumption, and nutrition knowledge. HFE was completed by the care givers. The MetS rate for OAAA was 61.6% and boys had higher MetS than girls (73.1%, 55.6% respectively). OAAA without MetS had higher serum calcium and 1,25 D3 level but no significant difference were found in food consumption, nutrition knowledge, and HFE. Total cholesterol /HDL ratio and Insulin resistance increased the odds of MetS by 55% and 10% and 1,25 D3 decrease the odds of MetS by 2%. Even though high fast food consumption, lack of nutrition knowledge and poor food environment were negatively associated with obesity, they didn't contribute to MetS. Increase serum vitamin D and calcium level might be beneficial to reduce MetS in OAAA population.

Exploration Of The Genetic Epidemiology Of Asthma: A Review, With A Focus On Prevalence In Children And Adolescents In The Caribbean, A. Mohan, A. J. Roberto, B. C. Whitehill, A. Mohan, A. Kumar

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Asthma is a chronic disease caused by the inflammation of the main air passages of the lungs. This paper outlines a review of the published literature on asthma. While a few studies show a trend of rising asthma cases in the Caribbean region, even fewer have explored the genetic epidemiological factors of asthma. This is a literature review that seeks to sum the body of knowledge on the epidemiology of asthma. Specifically, the major objective of the literature review is to provide a unified information base on the current state of factors involved in the genetic epidemiology of asthma. The …

Effects Of A Classroom Curriculum On Physical Activity And Its Psychological Predictors In High School Students, John Trinity Edd, James J. Annesi Ph.D.

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

Recent research indicates that recommended amounts of physical activity suggested for health benefits are rarely met in high-school–age adolescents. A pilot study was conducted to investigate the effects of a classroom health-education–based curriculum intervention on the physical activity of high school students. A within-group research design was used on data from a sample of ninth grade boys and girls (N = 104) who received six classroom health education lessons over 5 weeks based on social cognitive theory. The lessons focused on improvements in the theory-based psychological variables of mood, body satisfaction, physical self-concept, and exercise self-efficacy. Mixed-model repeated-measures ANOVAs …

The Impact Of Vaccination Schedules On Infants' And Children's Physio-Psychological Health: A Qualitative Investigation, Dina A. Alsalih

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Many people may have become increasingly concerned about the risks associated with vaccines. At the same time, there is a lack of qualitative research on the impact of various vaccinations schedules on individuals' physio-psychological health. In addition, "mandatory" versus "nonmandatory, but recommended" vaccines are still under debate in some Western countries. The purpose of this ethnographic study was to provide an in-depth understanding of the beliefs, experiences, and perceptions of adolescents, parents, and health care providers regarding different vaccination schedules. The health belief model was used as the theoretical framework. The sample consisted of adolescents and parents from different vaccination …

Adoption And Implementation Of Alcohol And Drug Screening, Brief Intervention, And Referral To Treatment (Sbirt) In School-Based Health Centers : Provider Knowledge, Attitudes, And Perceptions As Barriers And Facilitators, Brett Harris

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Background: Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) has been endorsed by the American Academy of Pediatrics as an evidence-based strategy to address risky substance use among adolescents in primary care settings. However, less than half of pediatricians even screen adolescents for substance use.