Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Identifikasi Penyebab Kenaikan Berat Badan Pada Anak Usia Dini, Rahmat Sanusi, Widiyanto Widiyanto, Ronny Brayntin Rahail

Jurnal Keolahragaan

Upaya pencegahan masalah berat badan berlebih menjadi fokus utama saat ini berdasarkan peningkatan resiko kesehatan akibat overweight dan obesitas, teruatama pada anak-anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengindentifikasi penyebab kenaikan berat badan pada anak usia dini dengan metode penelitian cross sectional. Jumlah subjek penelitian terdiri dari enam puluh enam anak. Teknik analisa yang digunakan adalah analisis multivariat. Hasil penelitian menujukkan terdapat hubungan bermakna (p < 0.05) antara variabel varian terhadap kenaikan berat pada anak usia dini. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa faktor rendahnya aktivitas fisik, genetik dari orang tua dan pola makan berhubungan terhadap kenaikan berat badan pada anak usia dini.

Identify the causes of weight gain in early childhood

Abstract

Today, the efforts to prevent weight gain excess become the main focus base on increased health risk consequences of overweight and obesity, especially in childhood. This …

“We’Re, Like, The Most Unhealthy People In The Country”: Employing An Equity Lens To Reduce Barriers To Healthy Food Access In Rural Appalachia, Kathryn Cardarelli, Emily M. Dewitt, Rachel Gillespie, Heather Norman-Burgdolf, Natalie Jones, Janet Tietyen Mullins

Dietetics and Human Nutrition Faculty Publications

Introduction

Obesity disproportionately affects rural communities, and Appalachia has some of the highest obesity rates in the nation. Successful policy, systems, and environmental (PSE) interventions to reduce obesity must reflect the circumstances of the population. We used a health equity lens to identify barriers and facilitators for healthy food access in Martin County, Kentucky, to design interventions responsive to social, cultural, and historical contexts.

Methods

We conducted 5 focus groups in Martin County, Kentucky, in fall 2019 to obtain perspectives on the local food system and gauge acceptability of PSE interventions. We used grounded theory to identify perceived barriers and …

Aligning Food Environments With Institutional Values: A Mixed Methods Study Of Oregon Health Care Organizations, Elizaveta Walker

Dissertations and Theses

A major driver of the obesity epidemic is obesogenic food environments, characterized by nutrient-poor and energy-dense foods that saturate the collective physical, economic and sociocultural conditions that influence nutritional status. Food environments in organizations such as hospitals and public health agencies warrant special consideration given their health-focused mission. Improving food environments within health care settings has been highlighted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) as one of seven key strategies to prevent obesity. However, most of the refereed literature examining healthy food environment policies (HFEPs) within hospitals focuses on the inpatient dietary environment, leaving a paucity of …

Relationship Between Psychosocial-Cultural Factors And African American Women Obesity., Francoise Knox-Kazimierczuk

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Objective: To determine associations between African American female obesity and SEM variables.

Design: Data from the National Survey of American Life Self-Administered Questionnaire (NSAL-SAQ), a 2001–2003 nationally representative cross-sectional survey was used to extract data for African American women.

Participants: African American females at a BMI of 18.5 kg/m2 or greater were included in the final sample (n = 2,100) for analysis.

Main Outcome Measure(s): BMI

Analysis: Measures for socioecological model (SEM) were analyzed using a regression model in SPSS.

Results: Intrapersonal and community/institutional levels were found to be significantly associated with BMI. Two multiple regression analyses models were developed …

Attenuation Of Interferon Responses In The Obese Host And Ramifications For Influenza Virus Evolution, Rebekah Reed Honce

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

The most insidious pandemic of modern life does not arise from an infectious agent but rather from malnutrition. With its global incidence tripling over the past three decades, obesity is a major public health concern. Obesity’s rising prevalence has also illuminated its impact on communicable diseases. Following the 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus pandemic, obesity was identified as a risk factor for increased disease severity and mortality in infected individuals. Obesity causes a chronic state of meta-inflammation with systemic implications for immunity, including delayed antiviral responses to influenza virus infection, poor recovery, and impaired immunological memory. However, the majority of …

Weight Status Of Children Aged 2-5 Years Old, Attending A Paediatric Outpatient Clinic And Its Association With Parental Feeding Style And Parental Perceptions Of Weight Status, Aisling Lee, Helen Callaghan, Dara Gallagher Dr, Annette Lalor, Louise Rattigan, Hilary Greaney, Laura Keaver

SURE Journal: Science Undergraduate Research Experience Journal

Background: A child’s weight status can allow health care professionals to assess their developmental growth. A child having a low or high weight for height could be due to an imbalance in nutrient intake occurring. It is important to balance dietary intake and physical activity to maintain a healthy weight status. Excessive consumption of food can lead to an overweight/obese weight status which is linked to non-communicable diseases. Parental feeding style can directly impact a child’s set of eating behaviours. Therefore, parents have a strong influence over a child’s growth pattern. In addition, parental awareness of childhood obesity is reported …

Differences In Adolescent Activity And Dietary Behaviors Across Home, School, And Other Locations Warrant Location-Specific Intervention Approaches., Adrian Ortega, Carolina M. Bejarano, Christopher C. Cushing, Vincent S. Staggs, Amy Papa, Chelsea Steel, Robin P. Shook, Debra K. Sullivan, Sarah C. Couch, Terry L. Conway, Brian E. Saelens, Karen Glanz, Lawrence D. Frank, Kelli L. Cain, Jacqueline Kerr, Jasper Schipperijn, James F Sallis, Jordan A. Carlson

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Investigation of physical activity and dietary behaviors across locations can inform "setting-specific" health behavior interventions and improve understanding of contextual vulnerabilities to poor health. This study examined how physical activity, sedentary time, and dietary behaviors differed across home, school, and other locations in young adolescents.

METHODS: Participants were adolescents aged 12-16 years from the Baltimore-Washington, DC and the Seattle areas from a larger cross-sectional study. Participants (n = 472) wore an accelerometer and Global Positioning Systems (GPS) tracker (Mean days = 5.12, SD = 1.62) to collect location-based physical activity and sedentary data. Participants (n = 789) completed 24-h …

The Intertwined Relationship Between Malnutrition And Poverty, Faareha Siddiqui, Rehana Salam, Zohra S. Lassi, Jai K. Das

Woman and Child Health

Despite social and economic development, the burden of malnutrition across the globe remains unacceptably high. A vital relationship exists between nutritional status, human capital, and economic standing. Malnutrition adversely affects the physiological and mental capacity of individuals; which in turn hampers productivity levels, making them and their respective countries more susceptible to poverty. A two-way link exists between malnutrition and poverty, creating a vicious cycle with each fueling the other. Malnutrition produces conditions of poverty by reducing the economic potential of the population and likewise, poverty reinforces malnutrition by increasing the risk of food insecurity. The aim of the paper …

Increasing Patient Enrollment In The Move Program At The Va Medical Center: An Evidence-Based Practice Project, Mandy Spiers

Student Scholarly Projects

Practice Problem: This evidence-based practice project aimed to increase patient referrals to the MOVE program by educating providers about the importance and benefit of the Managing Obesity for Veterans Everywhere (MOVE) Program at the Biloxi, Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center.

PICOT: In obese, ambulatory care patients, what motivates increased referrals by practitioners to the MOVE Program to decrease BMI compared to the current referral system within two months?

Evidence: There was poor participation in the MOVE Program despite the high number of obese patients at the Biloxi, VA Medical Center. According to the data, only sixty of the 18,000 …

Identifying, Adapting, And Implementing A Weight Management Program In Rural Primary Care, Gwenndolyn Porter

Theses & Dissertations

Rural adults are at heightened risk for obesity, yet evidence‐based interventions lack consistent translation into clinical practice. This multi-phase study addresses this gap. First, a systematic review and meta-analysis of rural adult weight loss interventions were conducted to assess overall impact. Though few studies reported participant representativeness, meta‐analyses revealed a significant weight reduction among interventions. Second, 10 focus groups were conducted with primary care (PC) staff to determine the feasibility of implementing a weight-management program through PC. Differences in responses among rural, micropolitan, and metropolitan was also assessed. Thematic analyses revealed rural PC currently lacks the capacity to manage patient …

Wellness Project Implementation Within Houston's Faith And Diabetes Initiative: A Mixed Methods Study, Rebecca Wells, Ellen D Breckenridge, Stephen H Linder

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Faith-based health promotion has shown promise for supporting healthy lifestyles, but has limited evidence of reaching scale or sustainability. In one recent such effort, volunteers from a diverse range of faith organizations were trained as peer educators to implement diabetes self-management education (DSME) classes within their communities. The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with provision of these classes within six months of peer-educator training.

METHODS: This study used the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to identify patterns from interviews, observations, attendance records, and organizational background information. Two research team members thematically coded interview transcripts …

Evaluating Public Posting, Goal Setting, And Rewards To Increase Physical Activity In Children, Bryon G. Miller

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

In Experiments 1 and 2 we evaluated a pedometer-based intervention consisting of public posting between two teams of students, with additional self-monitoring, goal setting, and reinforcement components, to increase physical activity during school recess. In the absence of self-monitoring, performance feedback alone did not increase physical activity levels above those observed during baseline. Additionally, higher levels of physical activity were observed when goal-setting was introduced, with the highest levels of activity observed when raffle tickets could be earned for exceeding a specified step-total goal. In Experiment 3 we removed the team component and evaluated similar intervention components across an entire …

Dismantling Of Obesity-Related Policies, Alexandra Borosova Morshed

Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation fills an important research gap in the study of obesity policymaking by characterizing to what extent the phenomenon of dismantling is happening at the state level for obesity-related policies targeting the context of consumption, identifying determinants, and characterizing actors and processes involved. The five-year rate of dismantling of these policies is close to one-third for any attempts and one-tenth for enacted dismantling. Food and beverage tax policies face a particularly high rate of dismantling. Case studies and news coverage of state- level dismantling identified actors, motivations, and strategies used in the process of dismantling. Review of health-related empirical …

Pillars Of The Nutrition Transition: The Global Impacts Of Ultra-Processed Foods And Beverages On Overweight And Obesity And National Nutrient Supplies, Jacob Eaton

Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Malnutrition in some form impacts nearly one-third of the global population. Across the world, countries are undergoing the Үutrition transitionӠfrom traditional and largely unprocessed diets to Western-style, energy-dense diets. At the same time, rates of overweight and obesity and diet-related chronic diseases continue to climb. Ultra-processed foods (UPF), sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), and vegetable oils are three of the foods driving the nutrition transition. This dissertation calculates changes in the global food supply between 1961 and 2013 and quantifies the influence of UPF and SSB (as measured through sales) on national nutrient supplies between 2005 and 2013 and trends in adult …

Baseline Health Assessment Of A Rural Delta Community, Sydney Mitchell

Honors Theses

The Lower Mississippi Delta is characterized by poverty, chronic health issues, health disparities, and food insecurity. The rural Delta communities are primarily African American, experiencing disproportionately higher rates of poverty, job loss, and chronic health problems. Historically, chronic health issues have persisted in these areas over time, including obesity, hypertension, and diabetes, which have only seemed to increase in this region. The food environment in this rural region tends to assist in the creation of the largely obesogenic population which, in turn, contributes to the increased prevalence of diabetes and hypertension and a lower quality of life. Many residents in …

Exploring The Relationship Between Dietary Self-Monitoring With A Mobile App And Weight Change, Jason Payne

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: Approximately 70% of the adult population in the United States has overweight or obesity and increased risk for developing chronic diseases. Dietary self-monitoring adherence using a paper diary is associated with weight loss; however, few studies have examined this association with dietary self-monitoring apps. Objectives: 1) explore if an association exists between app-based dietary self-monitoring and weight change among adults with overweight or obesity and 2) explore the relationships between the frequency, consistency, and completeness of self-monitoring and weight change. Methods: Participants self-monitored dietary intake for 8 weeks using the app Calorie Counter by FatSecret. Participants were assigned …

The Effects Of A Nutritional Intervention On Healthy Eating Habits And Body Mass Index, Kelley Eshenaur

Evidence-Based Practice Project Reports

In the US, overweight and obesity are growing concerns, as both can have life altering consequences if not prevented or treated. Since 2000, there has been nearly a 10% increase of adults who are obese, from 30.5% (85.8 million) to 39.8% (93.9 million) in 2016 (CDC, 2017). These conditions are preventable with early intervention and motivation. Obesity statistics are especially of interest during the transition to young adulthood. The purpose of this project was to improve student outcomes by identifying barriers, effective strategies, and healthy choices that would ultimately impact weight, increasing healthy food choices, and decreasing overall BMI in …

Provider-Led Intervention For Overweight Or Obese African American Women Ages 18-65 With A Bmi 25 Kg/ M₂, Tonya A. Harvey

Evidence-Based Practice Project Reports

Overweight and obese African American women tend to suffer most from the impacts of diseases, health disparities, disabilities, and decreased qualities of life (Sutton et al., 2016). Most weight loss programs are not culturally specific, despite the benefits of dietary changes and increased physical activity for all groups. The purpose of this EBP project was to implement a provider-led program including lifestyle, dietary, and activity components to decrease weight, BMI, waist circumference and blood pressure in African American women. The Iowa Model of Evidence-Based Practice to promote quality care was used to guide the EBP project, aimed to address obesity …

A Multicomponent Tailored Intervention Program Protocol For Weight Loss In An Underserved Adult Patient Population With Obesity, Rita R. Arnold

Evidence-Based Practice Project Reports

Obesity is a multifactorial, individualized, chronic disease that increases known risk factors for significant comorbidities and mortality. The primary purpose of this Evidence-Based practice project was to improve indicators of obesity (weight, BMI) among patients served by a free medical clinic, using a tailored multicomponent intervention. The secondary purpose was to determine if the weight loss intervention was associated with a decrease in blood pressure and depression symptoms. The intervention was guided by the Health Promotion Model by Nola Pender. The Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence Based Practice Model (JHNEBP) guided implementation of the project. A comprehensive literature review was completed …

Increasing Accessibility To Key Social Determinants Of Health In Monterey County, Tabitha Vargas

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Monterey County Health Department’s Planning, Evaluation, and Policy Unit provides agency-wide support in promoting health equity. Obesity and diabetes rates in Monterey County are too high and there needs to be an increase of accessible data, which may help increase targeted prevention services. A health brief was developed for the purpose of increasing access to county-wide obesity and diabetes data and increasing knowledge of the role of how social determinants of health may affect health outcomes. A survey was conducted to measure the effectiveness of the health brief with results demonstrating that 100% of respondents agreed that the brief was …

From Fighting Wasting To Shedding Excess: An Explanatory Sequential Mixed-Method Study Of Obesity Among People Living With Hiv In Nigeria, John Olajide Olawepo

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a global epidemic, with initial high mortality rates since the first diagnosis over three and a half decades ago. However, the use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has led to longer, healthier lives for many people living with HIV (PLHIV). Accordingly, aging comes with associated co-morbidities like obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this mixed-methods study was to further understand the emergent phenomenon of obesity and overweight among PLHIV who are on treatment with ART, using Nigeria as a case study.

An explanatory sequential mixed-method design was used that involved the analysis …

Association Of Perfluorinated Chemicals With Endocrino-Carcinogenetic, Obesogenic And Metabolic Health And With Markers Of Chronic Inflammation And Oxidative Stress, Ogbebor Enaholo Omoike

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

First, this study examined the association of perfluorinated chemicals with 1) cardio-metabolic health outcomes and 2) the association of phthalates with cardiometabolic health outcomes, and 3) cardio-metabolic health outcomes while assessing the possibility of additive interactions between perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) and phthalates. Second, association with markers of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress were explored. Finally, this study examined the association of these chemicals with estrogenic cancers- Breast cancer, prostate cancer, uterine cancer and ovarian cancer.

Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), logistic regression models were used to investigate the relationship between PFCs and the cardio-metabolic …

Health And Academic Achievement In College And University Students, Amber Beane

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this non-experimental quantitative correlational study was to investigate the relationship between academic achievement and health in a national sample of college students using quantitative data analysis. Specifically, the researcher analyzed the relationship between three health-promoting behaviors (physical activity, strength training, and fruit and vegetable consumption), three negative health behaviors (cigarette, e-cigarette, and opioid use) and obesity with GPA.

Cross-sectional data on student health collected from the American College Health Association’s National College Health Assessment II (ACHA-NCHA-II) and completed by 426,650 college students from 650 U.S. colleges during the semesters between 2015 and 2019 formed the foundation for …

Greater Social Cohesion Is Associated With Lower Body Mass Index Among African American Adults, Adolfo G. Cuevas, Ichiro Kawachi, Kasim Ortiz, Mariam Pena, Lorraine R. Reitzel, Lorna H. Mcneill

Publications and Research

Obesity remains a public health issue, especially for Blacks (or African Americans). Obesity is thought to reflect a complex interaction of socioenvironmental, biological, and cognitive factors. Yet, insufficient attention has been given to psychosocial factors like social cohesion within the African American community. Using multivariable linear regression, we examined the association between social cohesion, measured by the Social Cohesion and Trust scale, and body mass index (BMI) with cross-sectional data (n = 1467) from a cohort study (2008–2009). Greater social cohesion was associated with lower BMI (b = -0.88; 95% CI: −1.45, −0.32) in an unadjusted model. The association was …

Community Cooking Course To Combat Nutritional Knowledge Deficit, Heather R. Bohman

MSN Capstone Projects

More than two-thirds of American adults and almost one-third of American children are overweight or obese. Not only are the statistics alarming, the cost of obesity is staggering. Obesity robs an individual of their quality of life and costs the U.S. healthcare system an estimated $147 billion a year in obesity-related illness (Finkelstein, Trogdon, Cohen, & Dietz, 2009). The need to find solutions to improve the health of Americans is clear and communities are called to respond. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2018) recommends partnership with local agencies to promote obesity prevention initiatives and create a healthier …

Optimisation Of Vitamin D Status For Enhanced Immuno-Protection Against Covid-19, Daniel Mccartney, Declan G. Byrne

Articles

Abstract

Background

Vitamin D deficiency (serum 25(OH)D<50nmol/l) is common in Ireland, particularly amongst older adults, hospital inpatients and nursing home residents. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased risk of acute viral respiratory infection and community acquired pneumonia, with several molecular mechanisms proposed to explain this association. Vitamin D supplementation has also been shown to reduce the risk of respiratory infection.

Vitamin D and Covid-19

Correction of vitamin D deficiency is thought to suppress CD26, a putative adhesion molecule for Covid-19 host cell invasion. Vitamin D may also attenuate interferon gamma (IFNγ) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) inflammatory responses, both potent predictors of poorer outcome in critically-ill ventilated patients including those with Covid-19.

Vitamin D Requirements

Irish adults require 25-30μg/d of vitamin D3, an intake not achievable by diet alone, to reliably maintain serum 25(OH)D levels >50nmol/l. Supplementation with doses up to 100μg/d has been shown to be safe for adults, and many agencies and expert …

Decreasing Rates Of Obesity In Onondaga County Among Older Adults, Julianna Duca

Transformations: Research Papers

After an investigation of the health priorities in Onondaga County, research concludes that the mortality rates are generally higher when compared to New York State (New York State Department of Health, 2018). Currently, obesity and being overweight are the second leading causes of preventable deaths in the United States (New York State Department of Health, 2019e). Obesity is one chronic disease that shows higher rates in Onondaga County than New York State and the United States (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2019; New York State Department of Health, 2016b). The rate of obesity in Onondaga County is 32%, the …

Season Of Birth And Sugary Beverages Are Predictors Of Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices Scores In Adolescents, Reem Al-Sabah, Abdullah Al-Taiar, Abdur Rahman, Lemia Shaban, Anwar Al-Harbi, Olusegun Mojiminiyi

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

To investigate factors associated with cognitive functioning in healthy adolescents, a school-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 1370 adolescents aged 11-16 years that were randomly selected from all governorates of Kuwait. Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM), a non-verbal test of intelligence, was used to measure cognitive functioning of the study participants. Data on predictors of cognitive functioning were collected from parents and adolescents. Weight and height of the participants were measured in a standardized manner and blood samples were tested in an accredited laboratory under strict measures of quality control. In multivariable linear regression analysis, factors that showed significant association …

The Role Of A Community-Driven, Structured Exercise Program On Children's And Adolescent's Quality Of Life, Padgett Singley Powe

Senior Theses

Childhood obesity is a long-standing epidemic in the United States as of 2020, and the problem is continuing to worsen. Childhood obesity has been shown to have many unhealthy effects, such as increasing prevalence of cardiovascular disease, depression, and social anxiety, which all can contribute to a worsened quality of life. Research suggests that summer is the most critical time period to combat childhood obesity is because children’s lives are less structured over the summer, which can lead to increased unhealthy behaviors, obesity, and a decrease in quality of life. The current study, the Skybrook Swim Team Study, aimed to …

Obesity Is Associated With Depression In Malaysian Schoolchildren: A Cross-Sectional Study, Mohd Said Nurumal, Rohulizzat Zainal Abidin, Wisam Nabeel Ibrahim, Muhammad Lokman Md Isa, Muhammad Kamil Che Hasan

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Overweight and obesity, which may lead to depression, have become prevalent among children worldwide. Hence, this study aimed to measure obesity and depression among schoolchildren in Kuantan.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in three different primary schools in Kuantan by purposive sampling. With consent from their parents/guardians, participants were given a self-administered questionnaire. Demographics and anthropometric measurement data were self-reported on the basis of the school records. Furthermore, body mass index was calculated. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0, and chi-square and correlation tests were conducted for the variables.

Results: Among the 300 schoolchildren …