Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Quality Evaluation Tool For Clinician Online Continuing Medical Education, Brittany Rosen, Gary Kreps, James M. Bishop Mr., Skye L. Mcdonald

Health Behavior Research

The purpose of this study was to develop and assess an instrument evaluating the quality of online continuing medical education interventions for clinicians. A review of seminal literature for evaluating health-related websites was conducted to incorporate best practices from health education, health communication, and web-based design principles. After reviewing the literature, 12 preliminary quality indicators were developed. Two independent coders used the preliminary quality indicators to code continuing medical education interventions. Internal reliability of the preliminary indicators was calculated using the Krippendorff’s alpha coefficient. After completing the reliability testing and revising the tool, the quality evaluation framework consisted of six …

Exposure To Violence And Sleep Inadequacies Among Men And Women Living In A Shelter Setting, Pooja Agrawal, Julie Neisler, Michael S. Businelle Phd, Darla E. Kendzor Phd, Daphne C. Hernandez, Chisom Odoh, Lorraine R. Reitzel

Health Behavior Research

Exposure to violence may explain sleep inadequacies reported by homeless adults, with women being potentially more susceptible to violence and sleep disturbances than men. This study examined the association between violence and sleep inadequacies among homeless adults and explored differences by sex. Adult participants were recruited from a shelter (n = 194; 71.1% men, M_age = 43.8+12.2). Participants self-reported victimization and/or witnessing violence (mugging, fight, and/or sexual assault) at the shelter, sleep duration (over an average 24 hours), insufficient sleep (days without sufficient rest/sleep), and unintentional daytime sleep (days with unintentional sleep) in the past month. Linear regressions …

Diet Quality As A Mediator Of The Relation Between Income-To-Poverty Ratio And Overweight/Obesity Among Adults: Moderating Effect Of Sex, Sajeevika S. Daundasekara, Nipa P. Kamdar, Ashley Dao, Anna Greer, E. Lisako J. Mckyer, Daphne C. Hernandez

Health Behavior Research

Poverty status influences obesity and dietary quality, and dietary quality influences obesity. How these relationships differ by sex is unclear. The current study aims were to 1) determine whether dietary quality mediates the relation between income-to-poverty ratio (IPR) and overweight/obesity (OV/OB) among men and women, separately, and 2) determine whether either of the mediated paths differs by sex. Four cycles of NHANES (2007-2014) were merged to obtain an unweighted study sample of 12,768 adults with complete data. Exposure variables included self-reported measures of IPR, Healthy Eating index (HEI) total score to measure diet quality, and sex. Direct assessment of …

Adult Food Insecurity Is Associated With Heavier Weight Preferences Among Black Women, Layton Reesor-Oyer, Nadia Garcia Marroquin, Daphne C. Hernandez

Health Behavior Research

Food insecurity is related to overweight/obesity among women. However, it is unknown whether food insecurity impacts individuals’ desired body composition, and whether this relationship differs by race/ethnicity similar to perceived ideal weight status. This study aims to evaluate whether food insecurity is related to elevated preferred weight status (e.g., overweight/obese versus normal weight) among black, white, and Hispanic women classified as overweight/obese. Four waves of NHANES data (2007–2014) were merged and yielded a total of 907 black, 1,271 white, and 1,005 Hispanic non-pregnant adult (age 20 to 59) women classified as overweight/obese. Participants self-reported their preferred weight status, adult-level food …

Consistency Of Reported Barriers For Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Adults Who Have Never Been Screened, Cherie Conley, Amanda J. Dillard, Constance M. Johnson, John A. Updegraff, Wei Pan, Alyssa Langenberg, Isaac Lipkus

Health Behavior Research

Morbidity and mortality from colorectal cancer can be decreased by addressing patient barriers to colorectal cancer screening; especially among adults who have never been screened. Assessing changes in barriers over time may help practitioners better tailor interventions to address patient barriers. We assessed among adults ages 50 -75 who have never been screened for colorectal cancer (CRC) which barriers predict prospective screening. A sample of 560 adults who had never been screened, recruited from Growth for Knowledge’s online panel, completed a baseline and a six-month follow-up survey. Both surveys assessed screening barriers after an online intervention that involved conveying tailored …

Cross-Sectional Associations Of Opiate Misuse/Opioid Use Disorder Among Adults Experiencing Homelessness, Valentina Maza, Daphne C. Hernandez, Phd, Msed, Faahb, Darla E. Kendzor Phd, Michael S. Businelle Phd

Health Behavior Research

The purpose of this manuscript is to determine the prevalence of opioid misuse/opioid use disorder (OUD) among adults experiencing homelessness and describe characteristics that account for significant variance in relation to opioid misuse in those who misuse and do not misuse opioids. From six homeless shelters in Oklahoma City, adults participated in a survey about their demographics, substance use, mental health, and physical health from July to August of 2016 (n = 569). For assessing substance use, participants responded about their opioid misuse and diagnosis of OUD, current smoking status, arrests due to drug possession or driving while intoxicated, …

Health Literacy And Self-Rated Health Among Homeless Adults, Chisom Odoh Phd, Jennifer I. Vidrine Phd, Michael S. Businelle Phd, Darla E. Kendzor Phd, Pooja Agrawal, Lorraine R. Reitzel Phd

Health Behavior Research

Poor health literacy reduces the efficacy of behavior change interventions, hampers management of health conditions, and attenuates understanding of the prevention and treatment of diseases. Poor health literacy has also been linked to fair/poor self-rated health in domiciled samples; however, there is a paucity of studies on the relation amongst homeless adults, who bear a disproportionate burden of disease and disability and require a high level of care and access to health services. Here, we examined the association between health literacy and self-rated health among a convenience sample of homeless adults. Participants were recruited from six homeless-serving agencies in Oklahoma …

What Determines Young Adults’ Attitudes, Perceived Norms, And Perceived Behavioral Control Towards Healthy Sleep Behaviors? A Reasoned Action Approach, Paul Branscum, Katie Qualls Fay

Health Behavior Research

A common limitation to the design of public health sleep interventions is the overall lack of using theory. Previous researchers have utilized the theory of planned behavior and the reasoned action approach (RAA) to predict healthy sleep behaviors, however much of this research was done using reflective (or generalized) measures, which alone is likely inadequate to equip health practitioners with tangible information they can use to translate theory into practice. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to use formative (or belief-based) measures of the RAA to evaluate the determinants of attitudes, perceived norms, and perceived behavioral control (PBC) of …

Food Insecurity As A Predictor Of Hurricane Exposure Among Underserved Adolescents, Katherine R. Arlinghaus, Daphne C. Hernandez, Craig Johnston

Health Behavior Research

Low-income populations are at increased risk for experiencing negative hurricane exposures and food insecurity. However, little is known regarding how pre-hurricane food insecurity experiences are related to youth hurricane exposure. This study examined the types of hurricane disaster exposures low-income, ethnic minority adolescents experienced during Hurricane Harvey and examined the association between food insecurity and hurricane exposure. Low-income adolescents (n = 185) were recruited from a Houston-area school district. Two days before the hurricane, food insecurity was assessed. Adolescents with at least one affirmative answer on the 9-item USDA Child Food Security Survey Module were classified as food insecure. …

Negative School Experiences And Pain Reliever Misuse Among A National Adolescent Sample, Kelsi J. Wood, Keith A. King, Rebecca A. Vidourek, Ashley L. Merianos

Health Behavior Research

A recent public health concern is the nonmedical use of prescription drugs among U.S. adolescents. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between negative school experiences and lifetime and past year pain reliever misuse among adolescents enrolled in high school nationwide. A secondary analysis was performed using the National Survey on Drug Use and Health 2017 data. Participants included 8,337 adolescents enrolled in 9^th -12^th grades. A total of 6.0% of high school students reported they had misused pain relievers in their lifetime, and 3.9% reported they had misused pain relievers during the past year. …

Using The Theory Of Triadic Influence To Examine Correlates Of Positive Drug Expectancies Among Hispanic Adolescents, Wura Jacobs, Lauren Bartoszek, Jennifer Unger

Health Behavior Research

This study employs the Theory of Triadic Influence (TTI) which articulates the different variables that influence health-related behaviors into streams of influence—intrapersonal, social, and cultural—to better understand factors that influence positive drug use expectancies (PDE) among Hispanic adolescents. Data for the study came from Project RED, which included 1,963 high school students in Southern California. The relationships between participants’ drug expectancies and different streams of influence were examined using regression analysis. Participants were mostly females (54.2%); with a mean age of 17.13 years. Controlling for other covariates, there were no cultural stream variables associated with PDE (Model 1). Model 2, …

The Spread And Utility Of Social Network Analysis Across A Group Of Health Behavior Researchers, Megan S. Patterson, Tyler Prochnow Med, Patricia Goodson

Health Behavior Research

Social network analysis (SNA), both as theory and methodology, is a powerful framework for delimiting and studying health behaviors. Using SNA allows scholars to answer new research questions, innovatively investigate the social and systemic contexts of health and behavior, and collaborate on multi- or inter-disciplinary projects. As a result, SNA is growing in popularity within health behavior research and practice. Despite SNA’s contribution and appeal, few health behavior researchers and practitioners have access to formal SNA education; much of the current training efforts occur outside degree-granting curricula. Therefore, the aims of this paper were to: 1) assess the diffusion of …

Mentoring The Next Generation Of Health Professionals: A Mentor-The-Mentor Approach, Andrea L. Demaria, Stephanie Meier, Jaziel L. Ramos-Ortiz

Health Behavior Research

The purpose of this commentary is to share team-based mentoring strategies used for successful interdisciplinary research team productivity and sustainability. This commentary lists and describes the top ten considerations for building a productive mentor-the-mentor approach, inspired by the train-the-trainer method. The approach promotes reciprocal training and individualized experiences, while producing positive professional and personal outcomes. We pinpoint how relationship-building rooted in passion and clear communication, explicit expectations and regular celebrations, and routine paired with a bit of play enhances productivity and encourages future health professionals to emerge as leaders in the field.

Strategies For Successful Long-Distance Mentoring, Annie Nguyen, Scott Rhodes

Health Behavior Research

Mentorship offers benefits to both the mentee and mentor in terms of professional development and productivity. It can take many forms and is not limited to mentee-mentor pairs that are employed at the same institution. Mentoring relationships that span institutions offer an avenue for expanding one’s professional network beyond the local environment. We refer to this type of mentorship as “long-distance mentoring.” We offer four critical strategies and reflections for successful long-distance mentoring based on our experience in the AAHB Research Scholars Mentorship Program.

Psychoeducation “Aku Peduli” For Parent With Typically Developing Children At An Inclusive Kindergarten, Andi Nur Zamzam Arman, Farida Kurniawati

ASEAN Journal of Community Engagement

This study examined the effectiveness of “AKU PEDULI” psychoeducation in helping the parents of typically developing children to increase their knowledge of special needs children and inclusive education at an inclusive kindergarten. “AKU PEDULI” is abbreviated from Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus dan Pendidikan Inklusif (Special Needs Children & Inclusive Education). Quantitative methods were used in both the pre-test and post-test parts of the research. Six mothers aged 28–34 years, of typically developing children were selected to participate in the study through accidental sampling. Participants were required to be parents of typically developing children who attend an inclusive kindergarten and who have …

Rates Of Benign Heart Tumors Diagnosed In Florida Hospitals: 1988-2012, Robert B. Hood, Elliott Smith, Richard B. Early, Zachary Weber, Sharona B. Ross, Alexander S. Rosemurgy Ii, Randall E. Harris

Florida Public Health Review

No abstract provided.

Towards A “Rescue Ready” Mindset: Can Lifeguard Teams Learn Lessons From The Attributes Of Chronic Unease?, Billy Rj Doyle, Jonathon Webber

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Highly Reliable Organisations (HROs) are safety-centric organisations that operate in complex environments alongside risky technologies and processes. There is a high risk of catastrophe and error in these settings, the consequences of which may result in loss of life, financial cost, and damage to the environment. “Chronic unease” is a concept originally adopted by Royal Dutch Shell describing a mindset that has five predictable attributes that contribute to an individual’s and organisational safety culture. The authors of this paper describe the attributes of chronic unease in the context of lifeguard operations. A case study of a dangerous and dynamic rescue …

Building The Hiv Public Health Service Structure By Quality Improvement, Graham F. Watts Sr

Florida Public Health Review

Quality improvement (QI) is a tool in the public health inventory. It has value in that it provides a modality for accelerating science-based intervention into routine public health practice. In doing so, it holds promise to make transparent how care and service systems demonstrate efficiencies in the structure, operations, and outputs that should translate into improvements in population health outcomes. One HIV health services grant in Northeast Florida touches the lives of over 4,200 persons. How to render services so that it maximally benefits all clients is ongoing work. Service recipients engage nine HIV care funded providers, who differentiate on …

Supporting Families Of A Deaf Or Hard Of Hearing Child: Key Findings From A National Needs Assessment, Alyson C. Ward, Vicki Hunting, Diane D. Behl

Journal of Early Hearing Detection and Intervention

This article reports findings from a national needs assessment to ascertain the needs of families of young children who are deaf or hard of hearing (DHH), and what supports, resources and opportunities Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI) programs and EHDI-contracted Family-based Organizations (FBOs) were providing to families. Results were intended to guide the activities of a federally funded technical assistance center charged with promoting Family Leadership in Language & Learning for families of children who are DHH. There were 458 completed surveys by parents of children who were DHH between the ages of 0-6. Surveys were completed by 56 …

Assessment Of Factors Involved In Non-Adherence To Infant Hearing Diagnostic Testing, Anita Shanker, Marcia Vanessa Rojas-Ramirez, Julie A. Jacobs, Jennifer B. Shinn, Cathy Lester, Philip M. Westgate, Matthew L. Bush

Journal of Early Hearing Detection and Intervention

Abstract

Introduction: Delayed diagnosis of pediatric hearing loss can cause delays in cognitive and social development. This study described the sociodemographic factors associated with delayed timing of a final hearing diagnosis after an abnormal newborn hearing screening (NBHS). Methods: Parent-infant dyads were recruited after being referred for further audiologic testing on an abnormal result from the NBHS. Results: Of the 53 participants, 55% (n=29) did not receive a final diagnosis by the recommended 3 months of age. Of those with a delayed diagnosis, 45% (n=13) had their first appointment within 3 months, but a delay was caused by an inconclusive …

Screening Of Physical Activity Levels In Older Adults At A Community-Based Health Fair: A Feasibility Study, David B. Gillette, Preeti Oza, Todd E. Davenport

Pacific Journal of Health

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of activity level screenings in community-based health fairs. Additionally, we assessed relationships between participants’ sociodemographics, health-related factors and self-reported activity levels.

Methods: Feasibility was assessed by the time required to conduct screenings and ease of integrating it into the health fair workflow. Physical Therapy students collected responses using Activities Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) and the Physical Activity Level (PAL) items from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Results:Screenings increased service and wait times. Participants (N=37, mean age=71.5 years) reported a mean of 4.8 fall risk factors, …

Prevention Of Cytomegalovirus Lntection In Pregnant Mothers And Neonates, Aisha Oliver, Taylor Gauthier, Breanne Rizzo, Alison Huet, Natalie Dipietro

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common virus spread in utero from mother to fetus, leading to more long-term problems and childhood deaths than other conditions such as Down syndrome, fetal alcohol syndrome, pediatric HIV/AIDS, or neural tube defects. The majority of congenital CMV infections are primary infections in which the mother acquires the infection during pregnancy. Current treatment options for CMV infection are available, but there is limited data on safety and effectiveness in pregnant mothers and neonates. Prevention by screening for CMV is associated with a high cost, and vaccines are currently unavailable. Studies show that education and …

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome And Hyperinsulinemia: Overview And Treatment, Amanda M. Meyer, Lauren D. Bajbus, Sarah E. Drake, Kristen M. Quertinmont, Ashley Overy, Anne Gentry

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a prevalent issue in women's health that is associated with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance and can lead to long-term health problems. The most highly recommended treatments are diet and lifestyle changes. If these changes alone are not enough, pharmacologic treatments may be employed which include metformin, spironolactone or thiazolidinediones, although more research is needed to fully realize their role. The role of the pharmacist in this disease state includes counseling patients on healthy lifestyle changes, consulting with the physician about prescribing the best medication for each patient, and monitoring therapy adherence in the patient.

The Hiv Vaccine: Learning From Failure And Building On Success, Lindsey Mcclish, Kimberly Gathers, Katie Salay, Lisa Vranekovic, Kristin Seaman, Kelly M. Shields

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

An effective vaccine for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has eluded researchers since the identification of the HIV virus. There are many challenges in developing an effective HIV vaccine, including the lack of knowledge regarding the immune response to the virus and its diverse nature. Ethical concerns further complicate research. A recent phase III trial was performed in Thailand and showed that a significant reduction in HIV infection is possible. Pharmacists need to stay informed of these important breakthroughs in AIDS research in order to provide quality health information to patients in their community. This paper aims to evaluate the …

Implications And Concerns Regarding The Mammogram Debate, Kristen Quertinmont, Breanne Rizzo, Caitlin Swan, Mary E. Klein, Lindsay Coram, Whitney N. Detillion, Anne F. Gentry, Natalie Dipietro, Brenda Rizzo

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Screening procedures that detect breast cancer in its early stages are an important element of preventative health care for all women. When official guidelines and recommendations for screening are modified, their changes impact health care at both the population and individual patient levels. Recently, the United States Preventive Service Task Force (USPSTF) has developed new recommendations regarding when to start mammogram screening for breast cancer in women of average risk for the development of breast cancer. This article discusses the rationale behind the updated USPSTF recommendations and also presents the current American Cancer Society (ACS) guidelines.

Prescription Drug Abuse: A Guide For Pharmacists, Brieann J. Miller, Amanda C. Mcdavid, Nicholas J. Edmonds, Joshua P. Stevens, Cynthia C. Nguyen, Ryan W. Naseman, Michael M. Milks

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Millions of Americans use prescription psychotherapeutc drugs for nonmedical purposes. The most commonly abused prescription drugs are painkillers, followed by sedatives and stimulants. The first step towards ending prescription drug abuse must be taken by the pharmacist. Professional and student organizations, as well the as the newly founded Ohio Rx Abuse Prevention (OhioRAP) Coalition, provide resources to pharmacists and pharmacy students who want to reduce prescription drug abuse. This article discusses these various resources and provides a guide for pharmacists to take an active role in reducing prescription drug abuse and positively impact patient outcomes and their communities.

Options For Breast Cancer Prevention In High-Risk Patients, Ashley M. Overy, Lacey A. Shumate, Sarah M. Webb, Ashley E. Lehnert, Monica A. Weisenberger, Whitney N. Detillion, Andrew M. Roecker

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed non-skin cancer in women, and one in eight women will develop breast cancer within their Iifetimes. Unfortunately, the strongest risk factors for breast cancer (i.e. age, family history, hormonal factors) are not easily modified. There is some evidence that chemopreventative drugs may be able to prevent breast cancer in high-risk patients. Tamoxifen and raloxifene have been shown to reduce the risk of breast cancer in high-risk women but may be associated with several serious adverse events. Clinical trials are currently in progress to determine if aromatase inhibitors are a viable alternative for breast …

See One, Do One, Teach One: Advanced Perioperative Nursing Practice In Australia, Jed Duff

Journal of Perioperative Nursing

No abstract provided.

Cloth Hats: (W)Hat’S The Issue, Elizabeth Mckenna

Journal of Perioperative Nursing

Introduction

The aim of this discussion paper is to consider three issues regarding perioperative attire:

1. whether cloth hats or disposable hats are better for reducing patient risk of acquiring a surgical site infection (SSI)
2. whether the risk of infection is different for the bouffant style of hat compared to the skullcap style of hat
3. whether there is enough evidence available to support a statement that cloth hats are safe to wear in the operating suite.

Background

Hats have been routinely worn in operating suites since the 1950s. The intention of covering the hair has been to reduce the risk of …

Ex Utero Intrapartum Treatment (Exit) Procedure: Indications And Procedural Considerations, Melissa Silva

Journal of Perioperative Nursing

Problem identification

Ex Utero Intrapartum Treatment (EXIT) has become the optimal delivery strategy in fetuses with airway compromise; however, it remains an extremely rare procedure. This review aims to provide perioperative nurses with an overview of EXIT procedure to enable them to be an effective member of the multidisciplinary team.

Literature search

An electronic search of the CINAHL, Medline and Scopus databases was undertaken yielding 19 articles for inclusion in this integrative review. The papers included were case studies, case series or retrospectives and describe 42 EXIT procedures with 43 babies.

Data evaluation synthesis

The most common indication for the …