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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Accuracy Of Influenza Icd-10 Diagnosis Codes In Identifying Influenza Illness In Children., James W. Antoon, Tess Stopczynski, Justin Z. Amarin, Laura S. Stewart, Julie A. Boom, Leila C. Sahni, Marian G. Michaels, John V. Williams, Janet A. Englund, Eileen J. Klein, Mary A. Staat, Elizabeth P. Schlaudecker, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Jennifer E. Schuster, Geoffrey A. Weinberg, Peter G. Szilagyi, Ariana Perez, Heidi L. Moline, Andrew J. Spieker, Carlos G. Grijalva, Samantha M. Olson, Natasha B. Halasa
Accuracy Of Influenza Icd-10 Diagnosis Codes In Identifying Influenza Illness In Children., James W. Antoon, Tess Stopczynski, Justin Z. Amarin, Laura S. Stewart, Julie A. Boom, Leila C. Sahni, Marian G. Michaels, John V. Williams, Janet A. Englund, Eileen J. Klein, Mary A. Staat, Elizabeth P. Schlaudecker, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Jennifer E. Schuster, Geoffrey A. Weinberg, Peter G. Szilagyi, Ariana Perez, Heidi L. Moline, Andrew J. Spieker, Carlos G. Grijalva, Samantha M. Olson, Natasha B. Halasa
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
IMPORTANCE: Studies of influenza in children commonly rely on coded diagnoses, yet the ability of International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes to identify influenza in the emergency department (ED) and hospital is highly variable. The accuracy of newer International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes to identify influenza in children is unknown.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy of ICD-10 influenza discharge diagnosis codes in the pediatric ED and inpatient settings.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Children younger than 18 years presenting to the ED or inpatient settings with fever and/or respiratory symptoms at 7 …
Sexual Behaviors, Contraception Use And Barriers Among Adolescents And Young Adults In Rural Haiti., Abbey R. Masonbrink, Emily A. Hurley, Nikolaus Schuetz, Jonathan Rodean, Emily Rupe, Kemi Lewis, Marie Daphnée Boncoeur, Melissa K. Miller
Sexual Behaviors, Contraception Use And Barriers Among Adolescents And Young Adults In Rural Haiti., Abbey R. Masonbrink, Emily A. Hurley, Nikolaus Schuetz, Jonathan Rodean, Emily Rupe, Kemi Lewis, Marie Daphnée Boncoeur, Melissa K. Miller
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
BACKGROUND: Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) in Haiti experience a high unintended pregnancy rate, in part due to unmet contraception needs. Little is known about AYA opinions of and experiences with contraception that may explain remaining gaps in coverage. We aimed to describe barriers and facilitators to contraception use among AYAs in Haiti.
METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional survey and semi-structured qualitative interviews with a convenience sample of AYA females aged 14-24 in two rural communities in Haiti. The survey and semi-structured interviews assessed demographics, sexual health and pregnancy prevention behaviors and explored contraception opinions and experiences according to Theory …
A Ten-Year Retrospective Evaluation Of Acute Flaccid Myelitis At 5 Pediatric Centers In The United States, 2005-2014., Margaret M. Cortese, Anita K. Kambhampati, Jennifer E. Schuster, Zaid Alhinai, Gary R. Nelson, Gloria J. Guzman Perez-Carrillo, Arastoo Vossough, Michael A. Smit, Robert C. Mckinstry, Timothy Zinkus, Kevin R. Moore, Jeffrey M. Rogg, Meghan S. Candee, James J. Sejvar, Sarah E. Hopkins
A Ten-Year Retrospective Evaluation Of Acute Flaccid Myelitis At 5 Pediatric Centers In The United States, 2005-2014., Margaret M. Cortese, Anita K. Kambhampati, Jennifer E. Schuster, Zaid Alhinai, Gary R. Nelson, Gloria J. Guzman Perez-Carrillo, Arastoo Vossough, Michael A. Smit, Robert C. Mckinstry, Timothy Zinkus, Kevin R. Moore, Jeffrey M. Rogg, Meghan S. Candee, James J. Sejvar, Sarah E. Hopkins
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
BACKGROUND: Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) is a severe illness similar to paralytic poliomyelitis. It is unclear how frequently AFM occurred in U.S. children after poliovirus elimination. In 2014, an AFM cluster was identified in Colorado, prompting passive US surveillance that yielded 120 AFM cases of unconfirmed etiology. Subsequently, increased reports were received in 2016 and 2018. To help inform investigations on causality of the recent AFM outbreaks, our objective was to determine how frequently AFM had occurred before 2014, and if 2014 cases had different characteristics.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study covering 2005-2014 at 5 pediatric centers in 3 …
Hospital Readmission Of Adolescents And Young Adults With Complex Chronic Disease., Peter Dunbar, Matt Hall, James C. Gay, Clarissa Hoover, Jessica L. Markham, Jessica L. Bettenhausen, James M. Perrin, Karen A. Kuhlthau, Morgan Crossman, Brigid Garrity, Jay G. Berry
Hospital Readmission Of Adolescents And Young Adults With Complex Chronic Disease., Peter Dunbar, Matt Hall, James C. Gay, Clarissa Hoover, Jessica L. Markham, Jessica L. Bettenhausen, James M. Perrin, Karen A. Kuhlthau, Morgan Crossman, Brigid Garrity, Jay G. Berry
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
Importance: Adolescents and young adults (AYA) who have complex chronic disease (CCD) are a growing population that requires hospitalization to treat severe, acute health problems. These patients may have increased risk of readmission as demands on their self-management increase and as they transfer care from pediatric to adult health care practitioners.
Objective: To assess variation across CCDs in the likelihood of readmission for AYA with increasing age.
Design, Setting, and Participants: Retrospective 1-year cross-sectional study of the 2014 Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Nationwide Readmissions Database for all US hospitals. Participants were 215 580 hospitalized individuals aged 15 to …
Use Of The Who Access, Watch, And Reserve Classification To Define Patterns Of Hospital Antibiotic Use (Aware): An Analysis Of Paediatric Survey Data From 56 Countries., Yingfen Hsia, Brian R. Lee, Ann Versporten, Yonghong Yang, Julia Bielicki, Charlotte Jackson, Jason Newland, Herman Goossens, Nicola Magrini, Mike Sharland, Garpec And Global-Pps Networks
Use Of The Who Access, Watch, And Reserve Classification To Define Patterns Of Hospital Antibiotic Use (Aware): An Analysis Of Paediatric Survey Data From 56 Countries., Yingfen Hsia, Brian R. Lee, Ann Versporten, Yonghong Yang, Julia Bielicki, Charlotte Jackson, Jason Newland, Herman Goossens, Nicola Magrini, Mike Sharland, Garpec And Global-Pps Networks
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
BACKGROUND: Improving the quality of hospital antibiotic use is a major goal of WHO's global action plan to combat antimicrobial resistance. The WHO Essential Medicines List Access, Watch, and Reserve (AWaRe) classification could facilitate simple stewardship interventions that are widely applicable globally. We aimed to present data on patterns of paediatric AWaRe antibiotic use that could be used for local and national stewardship interventions.
METHODS: 1-day point prevalence survey antibiotic prescription data were combined from two independent global networks: the Global Antimicrobial Resistance, Prescribing, and Efficacy in Neonates and Children and the Global Point Prevalence Survey on Antimicrobial Consumption and …
Cost Effectiveness Of School-Located Influenza Vaccination Programs For Elementary And Secondary School Children., Byung-Kwang Yoo, Stanley J. Schaffer, Sharon Humiston, Cynthia M. Rand, Nicolas P N Goldstein, Christina S. Albertin, Cathleen Concannon, Peter G. Szilagyi
Cost Effectiveness Of School-Located Influenza Vaccination Programs For Elementary And Secondary School Children., Byung-Kwang Yoo, Stanley J. Schaffer, Sharon Humiston, Cynthia M. Rand, Nicolas P N Goldstein, Christina S. Albertin, Cathleen Concannon, Peter G. Szilagyi
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
BACKGROUND: Studies have noted variations in the cost-effectiveness of school-located influenza vaccination (SLIV), but little is known about how SLIV's cost-effectiveness may vary by targeted age group (e.g., elementary or secondary school students), or vaccine consent process (paper-based or web-based). Further, SLIV's cost-effectiveness may be impacted by its spillover effect on practice-based vaccination; prior studies have not addressed this issue.
METHODS: We performed a cost-effectiveness analysis on two SLIV programs in upstate New York in 2015-2016: (a) elementary school SLIV using a stepped wedge design with schools as clusters (24 suburban and 18 urban schools) and (b) secondary school SLIV …
Evaluation Of The Hiv Infant Tracking System (Hitsystem) To Optimise Quality And Efficiency Of Early Infant Diagnosis: A Cluster-Randomised Trial In Kenya., Sarah Finocchario-Kessler, Brad Gautney, Anlin Cheng, Catherine Wexler, May Maloba, Niaman Nazir, Samoel Khamadi, Raphael Lwembe, Melinda Brown, Thomas A. Odeny, Jacinda K. Dariotis, Matthew Sandbulte, Natabhona Mabachi, Kathy Goggin
Evaluation Of The Hiv Infant Tracking System (Hitsystem) To Optimise Quality And Efficiency Of Early Infant Diagnosis: A Cluster-Randomised Trial In Kenya., Sarah Finocchario-Kessler, Brad Gautney, Anlin Cheng, Catherine Wexler, May Maloba, Niaman Nazir, Samoel Khamadi, Raphael Lwembe, Melinda Brown, Thomas A. Odeny, Jacinda K. Dariotis, Matthew Sandbulte, Natabhona Mabachi, Kathy Goggin
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
BACKGROUND: The HIV Infant Tracking System (HITSystem) is a web-based intervention linking providers of early infant diagnosis, laboratory technicians, and mothers and infants to improve outcomes for HIV-exposed infants. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the HITSystem on key outcomes of early infant diagnosis.
METHODS: We did a cluster-randomised trial at six hospitals in Kenya, which were matched on geographic region, resource level, and volume of patients (high, medium, and low). We randomly allocated hospitals within a matched pair to either the HITSystem (intervention; n=3) or standard of care (control; n=3). A random number generator was used to assign …
Study Protocol Of "Our Choice": A Randomized Controlled Trial Of The Integration Of Safer Conception Counseling To Transform Hiv Family Planning Services In Uganda., Kathy Goggin, Emily A. Hurley, Jolly Beyeza-Kashesya, Violet Gwokyalya, Sarah Finocchario-Kessler, Josephine Birungi, Deborah Mindry, Rhoda K Wanyenze, Glenn J Wagner
Study Protocol Of "Our Choice": A Randomized Controlled Trial Of The Integration Of Safer Conception Counseling To Transform Hiv Family Planning Services In Uganda., Kathy Goggin, Emily A. Hurley, Jolly Beyeza-Kashesya, Violet Gwokyalya, Sarah Finocchario-Kessler, Josephine Birungi, Deborah Mindry, Rhoda K Wanyenze, Glenn J Wagner
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
BACKGROUND: About 40% of HIV-positive women in sub-Saharan Africa become pregnant post-diagnosis. Despite about half of their pregnancies being planned, safer conception methods (SCM) are underutilized among serodiscordant couples, partially due to the fact that safer conception counseling (SCC) has not been integrated into routine HIV family planning (FP) services.
METHODS: Our Choice is a comprehensive FP intervention that promotes unbiased childbearing consultations to ensure clients receive SCC or contraception services to achieve their desired reproductive goals. The intervention is theoretically grounded and has demonstrated preliminarily feasibility and acceptance through pilot testing. This three-arm cluster randomized controlled trial compares two …
The Effect Of Lowering Public Insurance Income Limits On Hospitalizations For Low-Income Children., Jessica L. Bettenhausen, Matt Hall, Jeffrey D. Colvin, Henry T. Puls, Paul J. Chung
The Effect Of Lowering Public Insurance Income Limits On Hospitalizations For Low-Income Children., Jessica L. Bettenhausen, Matt Hall, Jeffrey D. Colvin, Henry T. Puls, Paul J. Chung
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
Background and objectives: Thirty million children are currently covered by public insurance; however, the future funding and structure of public insurance are uncertain. Our objective was to determine the number, estimated costs, and demographic characteristics of hospitalizations that would become ineligible for public insurance reimbursement under 3 federal poverty level (FPL) eligibility scenarios.
Methods: In this retrospective cohort study using the 2014 State Inpatient Databases, we included all pediatric (age
Results: In 775 460 publicly reimbursed hospitalizations in 14 states, reductions in eligibility limits to 300%, 200%, or 100% of the FPL would have resulted in large numbers of newly …
Influenza-Associated Parotitis During The 2014-2015 Influenza Season In The United States., Melissa A. Rolfes, Alexander J. Millman, Pamela Talley, Lina I. Elbadawi, Natalie A. Kramer, Joh R. Barnes, Lenee Blanton, Jeffrey P. Davis, Stefanie Cole, John J. Dreisig, Rebecca Garten, Thomas Haupt, Mary Anne Jackson, Anna Kocharian, Daniel Leifer, Ruth Lynfield, Karen Martin, Lisa Mchugh, Sara Robinson, George Turabelidze, Lori A. Webber, Meghan Pearce Weinberg, David E. Wentworth, Lyn Finelli, Michael A. Jhung
Influenza-Associated Parotitis During The 2014-2015 Influenza Season In The United States., Melissa A. Rolfes, Alexander J. Millman, Pamela Talley, Lina I. Elbadawi, Natalie A. Kramer, Joh R. Barnes, Lenee Blanton, Jeffrey P. Davis, Stefanie Cole, John J. Dreisig, Rebecca Garten, Thomas Haupt, Mary Anne Jackson, Anna Kocharian, Daniel Leifer, Ruth Lynfield, Karen Martin, Lisa Mchugh, Sara Robinson, George Turabelidze, Lori A. Webber, Meghan Pearce Weinberg, David E. Wentworth, Lyn Finelli, Michael A. Jhung
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
Background: During the 2014-2015 influenza season in the United States, 256 cases of influenza-associated parotitis were reported from 27 states. We conducted a case-control study and laboratory investigation to further describe this rare clinical manifestation of influenza.
Methods: During February 2015-April 2015, we interviewed 50 cases (with parotitis) and 124 ill controls (without parotitis) with laboratory-confirmed influenza; participants resided in 11 states and were matched by age, state, hospital admission status, and specimen collection date. Influenza viruses were characterized using real-time polymerase chain reaction and next-generation sequencing. We compared cases and controls using conditional logistic regression. Specimens from additional reported …
Non-Mumps Viral Parotitis During The 2014-2015 Influenza Season In The United States., Lina I. Elbadawi, Pamela Talley, Melissa A. Rolfes, Alexander J. Millman, Erik Reisdorf, Natalie A. Kramer, John R. Barnes, Lenee Blanton, Jaime Christensen, Stefanie Cole, Tonya Danz, John J. Dreisig, Rebecca Garten, Thomas Haupt, Beth M. Isaac, Mary Anne Jackson, Anna Kocharian, Daniel Leifer, Karen Martin, Lisa Mchugh, Rebecca J. Mcnall, Jennifer Palm, Kay W. Radford, Sara Robinson, Jennifer B. Rosen, Senthilkumar K. Sakthivel, Peter Shult, Anna K. Strain, George Turabelidze, Lori A. Webber, Meghan Pearce Weinberg, David E. Wentworth, Brett L. Whitaker, Lyn Finelli, Michael A. Jhung, Ruth Lynfield, Jeffrey P. Davis
Non-Mumps Viral Parotitis During The 2014-2015 Influenza Season In The United States., Lina I. Elbadawi, Pamela Talley, Melissa A. Rolfes, Alexander J. Millman, Erik Reisdorf, Natalie A. Kramer, John R. Barnes, Lenee Blanton, Jaime Christensen, Stefanie Cole, Tonya Danz, John J. Dreisig, Rebecca Garten, Thomas Haupt, Beth M. Isaac, Mary Anne Jackson, Anna Kocharian, Daniel Leifer, Karen Martin, Lisa Mchugh, Rebecca J. Mcnall, Jennifer Palm, Kay W. Radford, Sara Robinson, Jennifer B. Rosen, Senthilkumar K. Sakthivel, Peter Shult, Anna K. Strain, George Turabelidze, Lori A. Webber, Meghan Pearce Weinberg, David E. Wentworth, Brett L. Whitaker, Lyn Finelli, Michael A. Jhung, Ruth Lynfield, Jeffrey P. Davis
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
Background: During the 2014-2015 US influenza season, 320 cases of non-mumps parotitis (NMP) among residents of 21 states were reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). We conducted an epidemiologic and laboratory investigation to determine viral etiologies and clinical features of NMP during this unusually large occurrence.
Methods: NMP was defined as acute parotitis or other salivary gland swelling of >2 days duration in a person with a mumps- negative laboratory result. Using a standardized questionnaire, we collected demographic and clinical information. Buccal samples were tested at the CDC for selected viruses, including mumps, influenza, human parainfluenza …
Identifying Health Conditions, Priorities, And Relevant Multilevel Health Promotion Intervention Strategies In African American Churches: A Faith Community Health Needs Assessment., Jannette Berkley-Patton, Carole Bowe Thompson, Andrea Bradley-Ewing, Marcie Berman, Alexandria Bauer, Delwyn Catley, Kathy Goggin, Eric Williams, Cassandra Wainright, Therese Petty, Natasha Aduloju-Ajijola
Identifying Health Conditions, Priorities, And Relevant Multilevel Health Promotion Intervention Strategies In African American Churches: A Faith Community Health Needs Assessment., Jannette Berkley-Patton, Carole Bowe Thompson, Andrea Bradley-Ewing, Marcie Berman, Alexandria Bauer, Delwyn Catley, Kathy Goggin, Eric Williams, Cassandra Wainright, Therese Petty, Natasha Aduloju-Ajijola
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
No abstract provided.
A Nationwide Study On The Prevalence Of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders In School-Children., Miguel Saps, Jairo Enrique Moreno-Gomez, Carmen Rossy Ramírez-Hernández, John M. Rosen, C A. Velasco-Benitez
A Nationwide Study On The Prevalence Of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders In School-Children., Miguel Saps, Jairo Enrique Moreno-Gomez, Carmen Rossy Ramírez-Hernández, John M. Rosen, C A. Velasco-Benitez
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
Introduction: Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are highly prevalent worldwide and are thought to result from the interplay of multiple factors that can vary from region to region. Nationwide studies can help understand the regional epidemiology and the pathogenesis of FGIDs. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of FGIDs in school-children of Colombia and assess associated factors.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at twelve private and public schools in ten cities distributed through the four main geographic regions of Colombia. School-children completed a validated questionnaire to assess functional gastrointestinal disorders according to Rome III criteria. …
Within-Person Associations Of Young Adolescents' Physical Activity Across Five Primary Locations: Is There Evidence Of Cross-Location Compensation?, Jordan A. Carlson, Tarrah B. Mitchell, Brian E. Saelens, Vincent S. Staggs, Jacqueline Kerr, Lawrence D. Frank, Jasper Schipperijn, Terry L. Conway, Karen Glanz, Jim E. Chapman, Kelli L. Cain, James F. Sallis
Within-Person Associations Of Young Adolescents' Physical Activity Across Five Primary Locations: Is There Evidence Of Cross-Location Compensation?, Jordan A. Carlson, Tarrah B. Mitchell, Brian E. Saelens, Vincent S. Staggs, Jacqueline Kerr, Lawrence D. Frank, Jasper Schipperijn, Terry L. Conway, Karen Glanz, Jim E. Chapman, Kelli L. Cain, James F. Sallis
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
BACKGROUND: Youth are active in multiple locations, but it is unknown whether more physical activity in one location is associated with less in other locations. This cross-sectional study examines whether on days with more physical activity in a given location, relative to their typical activity in that location, youth had less activity in other locations (i.e., within-person associations/compensation).
METHODS: Participants were 528 adolescents, ages 12 to 16 (M = 14.12, SD = 1.44, 50% boys, 70% White non-Hispanic). Accelerometer and Global Positioning System devices were used to measure the proportion of time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in five …
Tobacco Product Use Among Lesbian, Gay, And Bisexual Adolescents., Hongying Dai
Tobacco Product Use Among Lesbian, Gay, And Bisexual Adolescents., Hongying Dai
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
OBJECTIVES: Sexual minority youth face health disparities and a high risk of substance abuse. This study sought to fully characterize the disparity of tobacco use and risk factors in this high-risk subpopulation.
METHODS: Using data from the 2015 Youth Risk Behavior Survey, the current use of various tobacco products (cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, cigars, and e-cigarettes) was compared according to sex and distinct sexual identities (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and unsure). Heterosexual/straight adolescents served as the control group.
RESULTS: Of 14 703 respondents, 88.8% were heterosexual/straight, 2.0% were lesbian or gay, 6.0% were bisexual, and 3.2% were unsure about their sexual identity. …
Expectations For Treatment In Pediatric Weight Management And Relationship To Attrition., Erinn T. Rhodes, Richard E. Boles, Kimberly Chin, Amy Christison, Elizabeth Getzoff Testa, Kimberly Guion, Mary Jane Hawkins, Carter R. Petty, Bethany Sallinen Gaffka, Melissa Santos, Laura Shaffer, Jared Tucker, Sarah Hampl
Expectations For Treatment In Pediatric Weight Management And Relationship To Attrition., Erinn T. Rhodes, Richard E. Boles, Kimberly Chin, Amy Christison, Elizabeth Getzoff Testa, Kimberly Guion, Mary Jane Hawkins, Carter R. Petty, Bethany Sallinen Gaffka, Melissa Santos, Laura Shaffer, Jared Tucker, Sarah Hampl
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
BACKGROUND: Attrition in pediatric weight management negatively impacts treatment outcomes. A potentially modifiable contributor to attrition is unmet family expectations. This study aimed to evaluate the association between adolescent and parent/guardian treatment expectations and attrition.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective, nonrandomized, uncontrolled, single-arm pilot trial was conducted among 12 pediatric weight management programs in the Children's Hospital Association's FOCUS on a Fitter Future collaborative. Parents/guardians and adolescents completed an expectations/goals survey at their initial visit, with categories including healthier food/drinks, physical activity/exercise, family support/behavior, and weight management goals. Attrition was assessed at 3 months.
RESULTS: From January to August 2013, …
Predictors Of Loss To Follow-Up Among Children With Type 2 Diabetes., Ashley Shoemaker, Peiyao Cheng, Robin L. Gal, Craig Kollman, William V. Tamborlane, Georgeanna J. Klingensmith, Mark A. Clements, Tamara S. Hannon, Rubina Heptulla, Joane Less, Jamie Wood, Pediatric Diabetes Consortium
Predictors Of Loss To Follow-Up Among Children With Type 2 Diabetes., Ashley Shoemaker, Peiyao Cheng, Robin L. Gal, Craig Kollman, William V. Tamborlane, Georgeanna J. Klingensmith, Mark A. Clements, Tamara S. Hannon, Rubina Heptulla, Joane Less, Jamie Wood, Pediatric Diabetes Consortium
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Youth with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have poor compliance with medical care. This study aimed to determine which demographic and clinical factors differ between youth with T2D who receive care in a pediatric diabetes center versus youth lost to follow-up for >18 months.
METHODS: Data were analyzed from 496 subjects in the Pe-diatric Diabetes Consortium registry. Enrollment variables were selected a priori and analyzed with univariable and multivariable logistic regression models.
RESULTS: After a median of 1.3 years from enrollment, 55% of patients were lost to follow-up. The final model included age, race/ethnicity, parent education, and estimated distance to …
Should School Boards Discontinue Support For High School Football?, Lewis H. Margolis, Greg Canty, Mark Halstead, John Lantos
Should School Boards Discontinue Support For High School Football?, Lewis H. Margolis, Greg Canty, Mark Halstead, John Lantos
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
A pediatrician is asked by her local school board to help them decide whether to discontinue their high school football program. She reviews the available evidence on the risks of football and finds it hopelessly contradictory. Some scholars claim that football is clearly more dangerous than other sports. Others suggest that the risks of football are comparable to other sports, such as lacrosse, ice hockey, or soccer. She finds very little data on the long-term sequelae of concussions. She sees claims that good coaching and a school culture that prioritizes the health of athletes over winning can reduce morbidity from …
Flavored Electronic Cigarette Use And Smoking Among Youth., Hongying Dai, Jianqiang Hao
Flavored Electronic Cigarette Use And Smoking Among Youth., Hongying Dai, Jianqiang Hao
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Flavored electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are not prohibited in the United States, and e-cigarette flavors proliferate on the market. This study sought to examine flavored e-cigarette use and its association with smoking among youth.
METHODS: Estimates of flavored e-cigarette use from the 2014 National Youth Tobacco Survey were investigated. A logistic regression model was used to assess whether flavored e-cigarette use was associated with (1) intention to initiate cigarette use among never-smoking youth (n = 16 471), (2) intention to quit tobacco use among current-smoking youth (n = 1338), and (3) perception of tobacco's danger among all respondents …
Update From The Advisory Committee On Immunization Practices., Jennifer E. Schuster, Sean O'Leary, David W. Kimberlin
Update From The Advisory Committee On Immunization Practices., Jennifer E. Schuster, Sean O'Leary, David W. Kimberlin
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) consists of medical and public health experts who develop recommendations on vaccine use in the United States. The ACIP meets 3 times per year, and members and Centers for Disease Control (CDC) staff present findings and discuss vaccine research, vaccine effectiveness (VE) and safety, clinical trial results, and labeling/package insert information. Outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases and vaccine shortages are also discussed. Nonvoting representatives from the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society are present. The ACIP met on June 22-23, 2016 to discuss proposed recommendations for influenza vaccination, for human …
Toxic Environmental Exposures And Kidney Health In Children., Darcy K. Weidemann, Virginia M. Weaver, Jeffrey J. Fadrowski
Toxic Environmental Exposures And Kidney Health In Children., Darcy K. Weidemann, Virginia M. Weaver, Jeffrey J. Fadrowski
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
High-level exposures to a number of agents are known to have direct nephrotoxic effects in children. A growing body of literature supports the hypothesis that chronic, relatively low-level exposure to various nephrotoxicants may also increase the risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD) or accelerate its progression. In this review we highlight several environmental nephrotoxicants and their association with CKD in children and adolescents. We also discuss unique epidemiological challenges in the use of kidney biomarkers in environmental nephrotoxicology.
Developing Novel Machine Learning Algorithms To Improve Sedentary Assessment For Youth Health Enhancement., Gowtham Kumar Golla, Jordan A. Carlson, Jun Huan, Jacqueline Kerr, Tarrah Mitchell, Kelsey Borner
Developing Novel Machine Learning Algorithms To Improve Sedentary Assessment For Youth Health Enhancement., Gowtham Kumar Golla, Jordan A. Carlson, Jun Huan, Jacqueline Kerr, Tarrah Mitchell, Kelsey Borner
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
Sedentary behavior of youth is an important determinant of health. However, better measures are needed to improve understanding of this relationship and the mechanisms at play, as well as to evaluate health promotion interventions. Wearable accelerometers are considered as the standard for assessing physical activity in research, but do not perform well for assessing posture (i.e., sitting vs. standing), a critical component of sedentary behavior. The machine learning algorithms that we propose for assessing sedentary behavior will allow us to re-examine existing accelerometer data to better understand the association between sedentary time and health in various populations. We collected two …
Urgent Care And Emergency Department Visits In The Pediatric Medicaid Population., Amanda Montalbano, Jonathan Rodean, Juhi Kangas, Brian R. Lee, Matt Hall
Urgent Care And Emergency Department Visits In The Pediatric Medicaid Population., Amanda Montalbano, Jonathan Rodean, Juhi Kangas, Brian R. Lee, Matt Hall
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
Background: Urgent care (UC) is one of the fastest growing venues of health care delivery. We compared clinical and cost attributes of pediatric UC and emergency department (ED) visits that did not result in admission.
Methods: Our study examined 5 925 568 ED and UC visits of children under 19 years old in the 2010 through 2012 Marketscan Medicaid Multi-State Database. Basic demographics, diagnoses, severity, and payments were compared. Between ED and UC visits, χ(2) tests were used for proportions and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were used for continuous variables.
Results: The UC and ED had the same most common diagnoses. …
Locations Of Physical Activity As Assessed By Gps In Young Adolescents., Jordan A. Carlson, Jasper Schipperijn, Jacqueline Kerr, Brian E. Saelens, Loki Natarajan, Lawrence D. Frank, Karen Glanz, Terry L. Conway, Kelli L. Cain, James F. Sallis, J E. Chapman
Locations Of Physical Activity As Assessed By Gps In Young Adolescents., Jordan A. Carlson, Jasper Schipperijn, Jacqueline Kerr, Brian E. Saelens, Loki Natarajan, Lawrence D. Frank, Karen Glanz, Terry L. Conway, Kelli L. Cain, James F. Sallis, J E. Chapman
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
OBJECTIVES: To compare adolescents' physical activity at home, near home, at school, near school, and at other locations.
METHODS: Adolescents (N = 549) were ages 12 to 16 years (49.9% girls, 31.3% nonwhite or Hispanic) from 447 census block groups in 2 US regions. Accelerometers and Global Positioning System devices assessed minutes of and proportion of time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in each of the 5 locations. Mixed-effects regression compared MVPA across locations and demographic factors.
RESULTS: Forty-two percent of adolescents' overall MVPA occurred at school, 18.7% at home, 18.3% in other (nonhome, nonschool) locations, and …
Contraceptive Provision To Adolescent Females Prescribed Teratogenic Medications., Stephani L. Stancil, Melissa K. Miller, Holley Briggs, Daryl Lynch, Kathy Goggin, Gregory Kearns
Contraceptive Provision To Adolescent Females Prescribed Teratogenic Medications., Stephani L. Stancil, Melissa K. Miller, Holley Briggs, Daryl Lynch, Kathy Goggin, Gregory Kearns
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Rates of adult women receiving contraceptive provision when simultaneously prescribed a known teratogen are alarmingly low. The prevalence of this behavior among pediatric providers and their adolescent patients is unknown. The objective of this study was to describe pediatric provider behaviors for prescribing teratogens concurrently with counseling, referral, and/or prescribing of contraception (collectively called contraceptive provision) in the adolescent population.
METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted examining visits in 2008-2012 by adolescents aged 14 to 25 years in which a known teratogen (US Food and Drug Administration pregnancy risk category D or X) was prescribed. The electronic …
Dog Walking Among Adolescents: Correlates And Contribution To Physical Activity., Jessa K. Engelberg, Jordan A. Carlson, Terry L. Conway, Kelli L. Cain, Brian E. Saelens, Karen Glanz, Lawrence D. Frank, James F. Sallis
Dog Walking Among Adolescents: Correlates And Contribution To Physical Activity., Jessa K. Engelberg, Jordan A. Carlson, Terry L. Conway, Kelli L. Cain, Brian E. Saelens, Karen Glanz, Lawrence D. Frank, James F. Sallis
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
PURPOSE: To assess the association of dog walking with adolescents' moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and body mass index (BMI), and identify correlates of dog walking.
METHODS/DESIGN: Participants were 12-17year-olds (n=925) from the Baltimore, MD and Seattle, WA regions. Differences in accelerometer-assessed minutes/day of MVPA and self-reported BMI (percentile) were compared among adolescents (1) without a dog (n=441) and those with a dog who (2) did (≥1days/week, n=300) or (3) did not (n=184) walk it. Correlates of (1) dog walking (any vs. none) among adolescents with dogs (n=484), and (2) days/week of dog walking among dog walkers (n=300) were investigated. Potential …
Cost Effectiveness Analysis Of Year 2 Of An Elementary School-Located Influenza Vaccination Program-Results From A Randomized Controlled Trial., Byung-Kwang Yoo, Sharon Humiston, Peter G. Szilagyi, Stanley J. Schaffer, Christine Long, Maureen Kolasa
Cost Effectiveness Analysis Of Year 2 Of An Elementary School-Located Influenza Vaccination Program-Results From A Randomized Controlled Trial., Byung-Kwang Yoo, Sharon Humiston, Peter G. Szilagyi, Stanley J. Schaffer, Christine Long, Maureen Kolasa
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
BACKGROUND: School-located vaccination against influenza (SLV-I) has the potential to improve current suboptimal influenza immunization coverage for U.S. school-aged children. However, little is known about SLV-I's cost-effectiveness. The objective of this study is to establish the cost-effectiveness of SLV-I based on a two-year community-based randomized controlled trial (Year 1: 2009-2010 vaccination season, an unusual H1N1 pandemic influenza season, and Year 2: 2010-2011, a more typical influenza season).
METHODS: We performed a cost-effectiveness analysis on a two-year randomized controlled trial of a Western New York SLV-I program. SLV-I clinics were offered in 21 intervention elementary schools (Year 1 n = 9,027; …
Diagnosis And Acute Management Of Patients With Concussion At Children's Hospitals., Jeffrey D. Colvin, Cary Thurm, Brian M. Pate, Jason G. Newland, Matt Hall, William P. Meehan Iii
Diagnosis And Acute Management Of Patients With Concussion At Children's Hospitals., Jeffrey D. Colvin, Cary Thurm, Brian M. Pate, Jason G. Newland, Matt Hall, William P. Meehan Iii
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
Objectives: To describe the number of hospital admissions for concussion at paediatric hospitals in the USA. To describe the use of imaging and medications for acute concussion paediatric patients.
Design: Cross-sectional study.
Setting: Children's hospitals participating in the Pediatric Health Information System in the USA during a 10-year period.
Patients: All emergency department (ED) visits and inpatient admissions with the primary diagnosis of concussion, defined as International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes for: (1) concussion, (2) postconcussion syndrome or (3) skull fracture without mention of intracranial injury with concussion.
Main outcome measures: The proportion of concussion patients …
Pediatric Safety And Quality, Susan R. Lacey, Janis B. Smith, Karen Cox
Pediatric Safety And Quality, Susan R. Lacey, Janis B. Smith, Karen Cox
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
Excerpt
Pediatric care is complex due to developmental and dependency issues associated with children. How these factors impact the specific processes of care is an area of science in which little is known. We are only beginning to understand the relationship between nurse staffing and adverse events in hospitalized children; effects that may be compounded by inadequate numbers of pediatric nurses. Throughout health care providing safe and high quality patient care continues to provide significant challenges. Efforts to improve the safety and quality of care are resource intensive and take continued commitment not only by those who deliver care, but …