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- Keyword
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- Glucose (2)
- Metabolism (2)
- Self-Control (2)
- Self-Regulation (2)
- Control beliefs; health disparities; health gradient; social relations; socioeconomic status; (1)
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- Ego Depletion (1)
- Energy (1)
- Ethical Behavior (1)
- Fatigue (1)
- Hair cortisol; chronic stress; perceived stress; health disparities; social identity (1)
- Learning (1)
- Memory (1)
- Mortality Salience (1)
- Person Centered Approach; interpersonal relationship; Relational Psychophysiology; Mutual Regulation Model; Dyadically Expanded States of Consciousness; Face-to-Face Still-Face; (1)
- Reciprocity (1)
- Risk Taking (1)
- Social Norms (1)
- Worldview Defense (1)
Articles 1 - 6 of 6
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Improved Self-Control Associated With Using Relatively Large Amounts Of Glucose: Learning Self-Control Is Metabolically Expensive, Matthew T. Gailliot
Improved Self-Control Associated With Using Relatively Large Amounts Of Glucose: Learning Self-Control Is Metabolically Expensive, Matthew T. Gailliot
Faculty Publications
The current study examined whether changes in glucose during a self-control task would predict changes in self-control performance later on. Participants attended two experimental sessions, spaced two weeks apart. During each session, they had their glucose measured, completed the Stroop task as a measure of self-control, and then had their glucose measured again. Larger decreases in glucose (from before to after the Stroop task) during the first session predicted larger increases in improvement on the Stroop task during the second session, in the form of increased speed. Learning self-control might benefit from using larger amounts of glucose. Learning self-control is …
Mortality Salience And Metabolism: Glucose Drinks Reduce Worldview Defense Caused By Mortality Salience, Matthew T. Gailliot
Mortality Salience And Metabolism: Glucose Drinks Reduce Worldview Defense Caused By Mortality Salience, Matthew T. Gailliot
Faculty Publications
The current work tested the hypothesis that a glucose drink would reduce worldview defense following mortality salience. Participants consumed either a glucose drink or placebo, wrote about either death or dental pain, and then completed a measure of worldview defense (viewing positively someone with pro-US views and viewing negatively someone with anti-US views). Mortality salience increased world- view defense among participants who consumed a placebo but not among participants who consumed a glucose drink. Glucose might reduce defensiveness after mortality salience by increasing the effectiveness of the self-controlled suppression of death-related thought, by providing resources to cope with mortality salience …
Breaking The Rules: Low Trait Or State Self-Control Increases Social Norm Violations, Matthew T. Gailliot, Seth A. Gitter, Michael D. Baker, Roy F. Baumeister
Breaking The Rules: Low Trait Or State Self-Control Increases Social Norm Violations, Matthew T. Gailliot, Seth A. Gitter, Michael D. Baker, Roy F. Baumeister
Faculty Publications
Two pilot and six studies indicated that poor self-control causes people to violate social norms and rules that are effortful to follow. Lower trait self-control was associated with a greater willingness to take ethical risks and use curse words. Participants who completed an initial self-control task that reduced the capacity for self-control used more curse words and were more willing to take ethical risks than participants who completed a neutral task. Poor self-control was also associated with violating explicit rules given by the experimenter. Depleting self-control resources in a self-control exercise caused participants subsequently to talk when they had been …
Relationship Between Hair Cortisol And Perceived Chronic Stress In A Diverse Sample, Kymberlee O'Brien, E. Z. Tronick, C. L. Moore
Relationship Between Hair Cortisol And Perceived Chronic Stress In A Diverse Sample, Kymberlee O'Brien, E. Z. Tronick, C. L. Moore
Faculty Publications
Hair cortisol (CORT) is a biomarker of chronic stress via long-termalterations in hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis activity. Relationships to perceived stressmeasures, however, have rarely been specifically investigated. A diverse sample of 135 adults participated in a study assessing relationships between chronic stress indicator CORT to perceived stress and health indicators. CORT was not correlated to single perceived domain indices but with a global stress composite. Differences in objective and subjective measures were found for sociodemographics: racial/ethnic identity, sex and socioeconomic status (SES). Race by SES interactions predicted both CORT and perceived stress, but produced a complex and partially unanticipated pattern of results. …
Relational Psychophysiology And Mutual Regulation During Dyadic Therapeutic And Development Relating, Kymberlee O'Brien
Relational Psychophysiology And Mutual Regulation During Dyadic Therapeutic And Development Relating, Kymberlee O'Brien
Faculty Publications
Human experiences of empathy and presence are quintessential in therapeutic as well as intimate relationships. The work on relational psychophysiology has informed psychotherapeutic research by illustrating how early life physiological concordance between mother and infant are critical in mutual dyadic regulation. These processes cross several developmental domains, including biological, affective, social, and self-identity. By examining physiological concordance, this research has propelled our understanding of mutual regulation into the more expansive understanding of dyadically expanded states of consciousness. The core of the therapeutic relationship inherently engenders expanded opportunities and reorganization of the client, as well as the therapist. By incorporating the …
Healthy, Wealthy, Wise? Psychosocial Factors Influencing The Socioeconomic Status-Health Gradient, Kymberlee O'Brien
Healthy, Wealthy, Wise? Psychosocial Factors Influencing The Socioeconomic Status-Health Gradient, Kymberlee O'Brien
Faculty Publications
The present research investigated psychosocial factors: control beliefs; social relations moderating the SES–health gradient. Participants included 3775 respondents from a national probability sample, Midlife in United States (t1: Age, M = 46.40, SD = 13.00, t2: Age, M = 55.47, SD = 12.43), who provided reports on control beliefs, social relations, and health at two assessment occasions (1994/1995 and 2002/2003). Hierarchical regression demonstrated that control beliefs, social support, and strain uniquely moderated relationships between SES and longitudinal health. The present study highlights the importance of psychosocial factors as protective mechanisms of socioeconomic disadvantages and associated long-term deleterious health outcomes.