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Articles 1 - 18 of 18
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Psychosocial Vulnerabilities To Depression After Acute Coronary Syndrome: The Pivotal Role Of Rumination In Predicting And Maintaining Depression, Ellen-Ge Denton, Nina Rieckmann, Karina W. Davidson, William F. Chaplin
Psychosocial Vulnerabilities To Depression After Acute Coronary Syndrome: The Pivotal Role Of Rumination In Predicting And Maintaining Depression, Ellen-Ge Denton, Nina Rieckmann, Karina W. Davidson, William F. Chaplin
Publications and Research
Psychosocial vulnerabilities may predispose individuals to develop depression after a significant life stressor, such as an acute coronary syndrome (ACS).The aims are (1) to examine the interrelations among vulnerabilities, and their relation with changes in depressive symptoms 3 months after ACS, (2) to prospectively assess whether rumination interacts with other vulnerabilities as a predictor of later depressive symptoms, and (3) to examine how these relations differ between post-ACS patients who meet diagnostic criteria for depression at baseline versus patients who do not. Within 1week after hospitalization for ACS, and again after 3 months, 387 patients (41% female, 79.6% white, mean …
Posttraumatic Stress And Myocardial Infarction Risk Perceptions In Hospitalized Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients, Donald Edmondson, Jonathan A. Shaffer, Ellen-Ge Denton, Daichi Shimbo, Lynn Clemow
Posttraumatic Stress And Myocardial Infarction Risk Perceptions In Hospitalized Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients, Donald Edmondson, Jonathan A. Shaffer, Ellen-Ge Denton, Daichi Shimbo, Lynn Clemow
Publications and Research
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is related to acute coronary syndrome (ACS; i.e., myocardial infarction or unstable angina) recurrence and poor post-ACS adherence to medical advice. Since risk perceptions are a primary motivator of adherence behaviors, we assessed the relationship of probable PTSD to ACS risk perceptions in hospitalized ACS patients (n = 420). Participants completed a brief PTSD screen 3-7 days post-ACS, and rated their 1-year ACS recurrence risk relative to other men or women their age. Most participants exhibited optimistic bias (mean recurrence risk estimate between "average" and "below average"). Further, participants who screened positive for current PTSD (n …
Self-Concept Related To Identities And Safer-Sex Cognitions In Young Adults Who Have Lost A Parent To Aids, Marcie Berman
Self-Concept Related To Identities And Safer-Sex Cognitions In Young Adults Who Have Lost A Parent To Aids, Marcie Berman
Dissertations and Theses
In-person interviews conducted with 40 English-speaking AIDS-bereaved 18-22 year olds and a control group revealed a significant difference in identities. Data were collected from an AIDS-bereaved group through Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey and an introductory psychology class at Hunter College, City University of New York. Hierarchical Classes (HICLAS; Ceulemans & Van Mechelen, 2005) data analysis uncovered a significant difference in how the groups elaborate their current and ideal selves and their self-cognitions surrounding protected and unprotected sex with both new and ongoing partners. Chi-square analysis showed significant differences in elaboration levels regarding how the AIDS-bereaved viewed unprotected …
Sensation Seeking, Early Pregnancy And Criminal Justice System Involvement Among Latino Youth, Jillian Jankie
Sensation Seeking, Early Pregnancy And Criminal Justice System Involvement Among Latino Youth, Jillian Jankie
Dissertations and Theses
The present study examined the relationship between the level of sensation seeking, early pregnancy, and criminal justice system involvement among Latino youth. It is a secondary analysis of data that comes from the Boricua Youth Study, an ongoing longitudinal study of Puerto Rican children and preadolescents living in the South Bronx and Puerto Rico. In the current analysis, data were analyzed on 69 participants who had completed measures of sensation seeking, pregnancy and arrests to predict whether sensation seeking would predict arrests and pregnancy at the second time period. Sensation seeking was evaluated at baseline. Early pregnancy and criminal justice …
Perceived Discrimination And Depression As It Relates To Nativity Status Of Students From Immigrant Backgrounds, Melissa Huey
Perceived Discrimination And Depression As It Relates To Nativity Status Of Students From Immigrant Backgrounds, Melissa Huey
Dissertations and Theses
"Research has found that foreign born immigrants' have better mental and physical health, as well as higher levels of academic achievement, than native born individuals from immigrant families (Vega, et. al., 2004). There is some evidence that perceived discrimination could be a possible explanation for these nativity differences (Juang & Cookston, 2009). The current study tested the hypothesis that native born individuals from immigrant backgrounds will have higher levels of depression than their foreign born counterparts and that native born respondents will report higher levels of perceived discrimination than foreign born. The study also tested whether perceived discrimination mediates the …
Interaction Of Long- And Short-Term Memory On Selective Attention During Timbre Discrimination, Eva Garcia
Interaction Of Long- And Short-Term Memory On Selective Attention During Timbre Discrimination, Eva Garcia
Dissertations and Theses
The present study investigated the effects of short- and long-term memory on processes of selective attention during timbre discrimination. Pitch served as the distractor dimension, held constant on standard trials and deviating from the standard frequency on distractor trials. Short-term memory was operationalized as levels of covariate context: Within a block of trials, pitch deviants (p=.28) were either absent (baseline condition), varied orthogonally (filtering condition) or systematically (positive and perfect conditions) with timbre values. Long-term memory was operationalized as levels of psychophysical context: Within a block of trials, the range of pitch change was psychophysically equated with timbre change in …
Asperger Syndrome And Blogging; Theory Of Mind And The Extreme Male Brain Theory In Self-Identified Women With Asperger Syndrome, Vanesa Morgan
Asperger Syndrome And Blogging; Theory Of Mind And The Extreme Male Brain Theory In Self-Identified Women With Asperger Syndrome, Vanesa Morgan
Dissertations and Theses
No abstract provided.
The Role Of Sleep In The Enhancement And Impedance Of Episodic Emotional Memories, Rafael De Jesus
The Role Of Sleep In The Enhancement And Impedance Of Episodic Emotional Memories, Rafael De Jesus
Dissertations and Theses
"The current study examined whether sleep enhances the retention of emotionally arousing memories, and whether an emotional memory can be blocked with a single night of sleep deprivation. Using a modified version of a slide show varying in emotionality with respect to the narrative (participants' acting as either a mother or father experiencing the tragic death of their imagined child), 100 (healthy young adult student volunteer) subjects following the experience were randomly assigned to either a normal night of sleep or were variously sleep deprived (in laboratory). After having experienced the emotional event followed immediately by a night of sleep …
Who Participates In Extreme Obstacle Courses And Why, Stephanie S. Kronenberg
Who Participates In Extreme Obstacle Courses And Why, Stephanie S. Kronenberg
Dissertations and Theses
No abstract provided.
The Influence Of Positive Affect And Anxiety On Attention And Creativity, Rafal Skiba
The Influence Of Positive Affect And Anxiety On Attention And Creativity, Rafal Skiba
Dissertations and Theses
The study examined naturally occurring effects of positive affect and anxiety (exam stress at different points in the semester) on attentional performance and creative abilities of undergraduate students. The mood of participants was measured by PANAS and STAI questionnaires. Their attention was tested on the Eriksen Flanker Task, and creativity on the Remote Associates Test (RAT) and Compound Word Problems (CWP). One of the main goals of this study was to verify the prediction based on the Broaden and Build theory of positive resources by Fredrickson (2001). Although the mood manipulation used in this study, that is, placing both testing …
Culture Ontogeny: Lifespan Development Of Religion And The Ethics Of Spiritual Counselling, Glen Milstein, Amy Manierre
Culture Ontogeny: Lifespan Development Of Religion And The Ethics Of Spiritual Counselling, Glen Milstein, Amy Manierre
Publications and Research
The counsellor has an ethical obligation to treat the whole person. Humans are cultural beings and the foundation of most cultures is religion. Religion and culture are received from our early relation~ ships and modified through later relationships across the lifespan. The paper introduces the term "culture ontogeny" to emphasize that this is a biological process wherein abstract ideas of culture and religion become material in the developing neurophysiology of each brain. A framework and methods are offered to examine the changing roles of religion in clients' emotional self~ structure, inclusive of those who describe themselves as spiritual, not religious. …
Running Head; Self-Control Deindividuation Context, Jihye Ryu
Running Head; Self-Control Deindividuation Context, Jihye Ryu
Dissertations and Theses
No abstract provided.
Reducing False Positive Feigning Classifications On The Sirs Among Criminal Defendants With A History Of Trauma, Lea Corconan
Reducing False Positive Feigning Classifications On The Sirs Among Criminal Defendants With A History Of Trauma, Lea Corconan
Dissertations and Theses
Clinical research has demonstrated that individuals with a traumatic history elevate scales on the Structured Interview of Reported Symptoms (SIRS; Rogers, Bagby, & Dickens, 1992) leading to their misclassification as malingerers. Rogers, Payne, Correa, Gillard, and Ross (2009) created the trauma index (TI) by summing 3 SIRS scales to reduce the number of false positives in a severely traumatized sample. The TI was included as an additional criterion in determining feigning. The TI has not been studied using a forensic sample. Fifty-one adult male criminal defendants were identified as malingering by the SIRS with a final sample of 5 definite …
Injection Of Amphetamines, Heterosexual Sex Risk And Syringe Exchange In Central And Eastern Europe, Catherine Zadoretzky
Injection Of Amphetamines, Heterosexual Sex Risk And Syringe Exchange In Central And Eastern Europe, Catherine Zadoretzky
Dissertations and Theses
No abstract provided.
The Effects Of Circadian Rhythm-Related Mood On Recognition And Recall Memory For Emotional Images, Priya Puliyampet
The Effects Of Circadian Rhythm-Related Mood On Recognition And Recall Memory For Emotional Images, Priya Puliyampet
Dissertations and Theses
"Studies have proposed that sleep following the presentation of emotional information aids in the consolidation of memory for the emotional elements of the stimuli. Some of these studies have used a paradigm that may have been affected by the confounding influence of circadian factors. Mood may follow a circadian rhythm and research suggests that mood at the time of recall can influence the content of the memory recalled. This study was meant to determine whether the enhanced memory for emotional stimuli in the morning following a night of sleep is a function of the circadian rhythm of mood. Better recall …
Increasing Racial And Ethnic Diversity In The Field Of Art Therapy, Yasmine J. Awais
Increasing Racial And Ethnic Diversity In The Field Of Art Therapy, Yasmine J. Awais
Dissertations and Theses
No abstract provided.
Sociocultural Predictors Of Perceived Sexism In Urban College Students, Jennifer M. Grant
Sociocultural Predictors Of Perceived Sexism In Urban College Students, Jennifer M. Grant
Dissertations and Theses
No abstract provided.
The Role Of Rejection Sensitivity In Posttraumatic Stress Disorder; A Pilot Investigation, Grace Kiriakos
The Role Of Rejection Sensitivity In Posttraumatic Stress Disorder; A Pilot Investigation, Grace Kiriakos
Dissertations and Theses
"The aim of this secondary data analysis is to explore the hypothetical relationship between rejection sensitivity (RS) level and PTSD symptom severity. We predicted that RS would be positively related to PTSD symptom severity. Pilot data from 39 individuals were analyzed to explore bivariate correlations on indices of RS, PTSD symptom severity, depression symptoms, and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) feature endorsement. RS was positively related to PTSD symptom severity at the trend level. Participants were then divided into a group of trauma-exposed individuals and control individuals. Independent samples t-tests were conducted to evaluate mean differences between groups in terms of …