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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Different Methods Of Fear Reduction Are Supported By Distinct Cortical Substrates, Belinda Pp Lay, Audrey A. Pitaru, Nathan Boulianne, Guillem R. Esber, Mihaela D. Iordanova
Different Methods Of Fear Reduction Are Supported By Distinct Cortical Substrates, Belinda Pp Lay, Audrey A. Pitaru, Nathan Boulianne, Guillem R. Esber, Mihaela D. Iordanova
Publications and Research
Understanding how learned fear can be reduced is at the heart of treatments for anxiety disorders. Tremendous progress has been made in this regard through extinction training in which the aversive outcome is omitted. However, current progress almost entirely rests on this single paradigm, resulting in a very specialized knowledgebase at the behavioural and neural level of analysis. Here, we used a dual-paradigm approach to show that different methods that lead to reduction in learned fear in rats are dissociated in the cortex. We report that the infralimbic cortex has a very specific role in fear reduction that depends on …
Early Soft Signs And Later Psychopathology, David Shaffer, Cornelius Stokman, Patricia A. O'Connor, Stephen Shafer, Joseph E. Barmack, Suzanne Hess, D. Spalten, Irvin Sam Schonfeld
Early Soft Signs And Later Psychopathology, David Shaffer, Cornelius Stokman, Patricia A. O'Connor, Stephen Shafer, Joseph E. Barmack, Suzanne Hess, D. Spalten, Irvin Sam Schonfeld
Publications and Research
At age 17 two motor signs, mirror movements and dysdiadochokinesis, were found in more than half the subjects known to have had the respective signs at age 7. These rates were significantly higher than rates found within the group of subjects who were sign free at age 7.
Neurological Soft Signs: Their Relationship To Psychiatric Disorder And Iq In Childhood And Adolescence, David Shaffer, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Patricia A. O'Connor, Cornelius Stokman, Paul Trautman, Stephen Shafer, Stephen Ng
Neurological Soft Signs: Their Relationship To Psychiatric Disorder And Iq In Childhood And Adolescence, David Shaffer, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Patricia A. O'Connor, Cornelius Stokman, Paul Trautman, Stephen Shafer, Stephen Ng
Publications and Research
Defines a neurological soft sign (NSS) as a particular form of deviant performance on a motor or sensory test in a neurological status examination. In the present study, 63 male and 26 female 17-yr-olds who had NSSs at 7 yrs of age were compared with sex- and age-matched controls with no NSSs at age 7 yrs. Data obtained on Ss included behavioral and neurological examination at age 7 yrs and psychiatric, neurologic, and IQ (e.g., WAIS) assessment at adolescence. All 6 females and 12 of the 15 males with an anxiety-withdrawal diagnosis and 13 of the 20 males with an …