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Articles 1 - 7 of 7
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Measuring Brain Serine With Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy At 3.0 Tesla, Homa Javadzadeh
Measuring Brain Serine With Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy At 3.0 Tesla, Homa Javadzadeh
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) non-invasively measures regional human brain chemistry in vivo, providing concentration estimates for several metabolites in a pre-selected region of interest. MRS has been applied to investigations of disease-related metabolic and neurochemical alterations in schizophrenia since the early 90’s.
The objective of this research is to implement a metabolite-selective MRS method to quantify endogenous concentrations of human brain serine. Serine is a naturally-occurring amino acid and an important co-modulator of the N-Methyl D-aspartic Acid (NMDA) glutamate receptor. Glutamate abnormalities have been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, especially its so-called negative and cognitive symptoms, which can …
Oxytocin’S Effects On Sickness Behaviours, Anxiety Responses, And Immune Function In Adult Male Mice, Julie Deleemans
Oxytocin’S Effects On Sickness Behaviours, Anxiety Responses, And Immune Function In Adult Male Mice, Julie Deleemans
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The nonapeptide, oxytocin (OT), is implicated in a range of behavioural and physiological functions. However, OT's role in sickness behaviours remains unclear. This thesis examined effects of the OT agonist, carbetocin (CBT), and OT antagonist, L-368,899, on anxiety and locomotor sickness-related behaviours and pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-a and IL-6, in adult male CD-1 mice. Animals received 2 intraperitoneal treatment injections. The first treatment was carbetocin, L-368,899, or saline, while the second was lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or saline. Behaviours were evaluated via the light-dark test, and cytokines via immunoassay. OT antagonist treatment attenuated LPS induced perturbations in locomotor and anxiety-like behaviour, but …
Standing Up For Student Health: An Application Of The Health Action Process Approach For Reducing Student Sedentary Behavior., Wuyou -. Sui
Standing Up For Student Health: An Application Of The Health Action Process Approach For Reducing Student Sedentary Behavior., Wuyou -. Sui
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Sedentary behavior (SB) has been associated with chronic diseases, such as Hypertension and Obesity; the risk appears greater the longer one engages in SB. University Students are a high-risk population for excessive SB due to academic responsibilities. Increasing frequency/length of breaks from sitting is an effective way to attenuate effects of SB. The Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) is a proven health behavior change model for behaviors like nutrition, but has yet to show effectiveness for increasing non-sedentary behaviors. Forty-five university students (12 Males, Mean age 23.3) were randomized into HAPA-intervention (sedentary behavior) or HAPA-control (nutrition) groups. Occupational Student and …
Cal And Magi Pdz Protein Regulation Of Crfr1 And 5-Ht2ar Trafficking And Signaling, Maha Mahmoud Hammad
Cal And Magi Pdz Protein Regulation Of Crfr1 And 5-Ht2ar Trafficking And Signaling, Maha Mahmoud Hammad
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
PDZ (PSD95/Disc Large/Zona Occludens) domain-containing proteins are scaffolding proteins that play important roles in regulating the activity of G protein-coupled receptors. Corticotropin Releasing Factor Receptor 1 (CRFR1) and Serotonin 2A Receptor (5-HT2AR) are two GPCRs that are commonly associated with mental disorders. Both receptors also contain a class I PDZ-binding motif at the carboxyl terminal tail. In the first chapter, we investigate the effects of CAL (CFTR-associated ligand) on regulating the trafficking and signaling of CRFR1. We demonstrate a role for CAL in inhibiting CRFR1 endocytosis, cell surface expression, and CRF-mediated ERK1/2 signaling via the CRFR1 PDZ-binding motif. …
Improving Patient Adherence: A Look At Causal Knowledge, Treatment Credibility, And Treatment Expectancy, Kyra L. Mackenzie
Improving Patient Adherence: A Look At Causal Knowledge, Treatment Credibility, And Treatment Expectancy, Kyra L. Mackenzie
Undergraduate Honors Theses
Lack of patient adherence to Cardiac Rehabilitation programs is a commonly reported problem (Bryne, Walsh, & Murphy, 2005) and is associated with increased morbidity and re-hospitalization rates (Platt, Green, Jayasinghe, & Morrissey, 2014). Factors that can increase the perceived credibility and expectancy of a treatment program predict better adherence (Nock, Ferriter, & Holmberg, 2007). A better understanding of a treatment rationale may improve treatment credibility and expectancy. For this study, causal knowledge is examined as a way to increase understanding because it has been shown to increase acquisition and retention of novel medical information (Goldszmidt, Minda, Devantier, Skye, & Woods, …
Domestic Homicide And Homicide-Suicide In The Older Population, Brianna L. O'Neil
Domestic Homicide And Homicide-Suicide In The Older Population, Brianna L. O'Neil
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Extensive research has been conducted on domestic homicide in younger populations; however, very little is known about such incidents in the older population. It is vital that this gap in the literature be filled as Canada’s older population has been increasing. Data for this study was provided by the Ontario Domestic Violence Death Review Committee. Ninety-two domestic homicide and suicide cases were examined to determine whether there were differences between younger age groups (30 to 50 years of age) and older age groups (55 years of age and older). Information was gathered on prominent characteristics and risk factors within cases …
Testing The Interpersonal Theory Of Suicide In Community - Residing Older Adults, Dorian Murariu
Testing The Interpersonal Theory Of Suicide In Community - Residing Older Adults, Dorian Murariu
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Suicide rates among older adults are high in Canada and around the world. Evidence-informed and theory-driven research on late life suicide may help to devise effective interventions to reduce suicide rates among older adults. In this thesis, I tested the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide (IPTS: Joiner, 2005; Van Orden et al, 2010) using data collected from a community-based sample of older adults recruited for a larger study designed to assess risk and resiliency factors for late life suicide (Dr. Marnin Heisel, PI). According to the IPTS, (Hypothesis 1) the interpersonal constructs of perceived burdensomeness (PB) and thwarted belongingness (TB) can …