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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
A Psychosocial Approach To Predicting Self-Harm In Heterogeneous Populations, Melissa J. Sitton
A Psychosocial Approach To Predicting Self-Harm In Heterogeneous Populations, Melissa J. Sitton
WWU Graduate School Collection
Previous studies have demonstrated relationships between deliberate self-harm and psychological distress and social functioning (for a review see Nock, 2010). However, few studies have examined psychological distress and social functioning at the same time in order to compare these predictors of deliberate self-harm. Using a more comprehensive, psychosocial approach may allow more accurate predictions of deliberate self-harm. Accurate predictions could aid in the intervention and treatment of individuals who engage in deliberate self-harm, regardless of their population; that is, whether they are seeking treatment for symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder, or if they are a member of the community. In …
Parent Adolescent Conflict Among Asian Indian Immigrant Families, Aparna Kumar
Parent Adolescent Conflict Among Asian Indian Immigrant Families, Aparna Kumar
WWU Graduate School Collection
Acculturation can be a difficult process for immigrant families as parents and children adjust to different cultural value systems. Parents and adolescents may acculturate at different rates to the mainstream culture due to parents wanting to retain their heritage culture and adolescents immersion into mainstream Western culture. This seems to assume assimilation as the same process as acculturation when it is only one possible outcome. As a result of this, acculturation gaps between parents and adolescents result, which may lead to parent-adolescent conflict. The current study took a mixed methods approach to investigate how Asian Indian immigrant families experience parentadolescent …
Cxcl12 Induces Camkii Synaptic Localization And Glutamate-Induced Hippocampal Cell Death, Robert M. Bragg Iii
Cxcl12 Induces Camkii Synaptic Localization And Glutamate-Induced Hippocampal Cell Death, Robert M. Bragg Iii
WWU Graduate School Collection
Cerebral ischemia is known to induce cell death through hypoxia and oxidative stress following reperfusion. However, cell death can spread beyond the ischemic core when toxic glutamate levels act on NMDA receptors of surrounding regions. Levels of CXCL12, a chemokine primarily released from glia, reportedly elevate following ischemia. Acute activation of its receptor, CXCR4, appears to serve a neuroprotective function while prolonged activation results in cell death and this cell death was reported to be dependent on the combined release of calcium from intracellular stores as well as calcium influx through NMDARs. Calcium influx through NMDA receptor channels leads to …
Managing Fear Of Falling Through Strategies Of Selection, Optimization & Compensation, Breanne M. Wise
Managing Fear Of Falling Through Strategies Of Selection, Optimization & Compensation, Breanne M. Wise
WWU Graduate School Collection
Fear of falling, Selective Optimization with Compensation (Baltes & Baltes, 1990), and activity level were investigated in older women (65+) who self-identified as being worried about falling. During this study, 88 women completed questionnaires which assessed fear of falling, falls self-efficacy, mood, SOC strategy use, and well-being. In addition, participants were asked to fill out a daily assessment and wear a pedometer to monitor physical activity level for two weeks. Physical activity level was measured by steps (total number of steps taken) and moderate steps (aerobic activity steps sustained for 10+ minutes). Participants who reported using more SOC Optimization strategies …
The Eroticization Of Lesbianism By Heterosexual Men, Kristin Puhl
The Eroticization Of Lesbianism By Heterosexual Men, Kristin Puhl
WWU Graduate School Collection
The stereotyping of lesbians includes both a traditional masculine, "butch" lesbian and a feminine, sexualized lesbian. The perception of lesbianism as erotic extends throughout mainstream society, with images of lesbianism targeted to heterosexual men in advertising, film, and pornography. If men do not perceive lesbians as either inherently bisexual or hypersexual, why are lesbians eroticized by heterosexual men? Here, subliminal priming with homosexual or heterosexual male or females primes was designed to elicit chronically accessible eroticization of lesbianism. Findings revealed that, contrary to expectations, priming with heterosexual-female prime sets did not increase reported erotic value of lesbianism relative to other …
Reading Sheet Music Activates The Mirror Neuron System Of Musicians: An Eeg Investigation., Lawrence Paul Behmer
Reading Sheet Music Activates The Mirror Neuron System Of Musicians: An Eeg Investigation., Lawrence Paul Behmer
WWU Graduate School Collection
Recent brain imaging studies have demonstrated that the mirror system, in addition to becoming active while viewing the actions of others, also responds to abstract visual and auditory stimuli associated with specific actions. Growing evidence suggests that such mappings are learned leading to the hypothesis that the motor system may respond to any stimuli strongly associated to a specific motor response. Reading sheet music is an excellent example in which musicians rapidly and automatically translate arbitrary visual symbols into music by a well practiced series of actions. Here we test the hypothesis that when musicians read sheet music an associated …
Thought In The Absence Of Attention, Kurt Braunlich
Thought In The Absence Of Attention, Kurt Braunlich
WWU Graduate School Collection
Although many researchers have been unsuccessful in doing so, I was able to partially replicate Dijksterhuis' (2004) "unconscious thought" effect. I found that participants who were distracted with the performance of an irrelevant task made better decisions than participants who engaged in conscious thought or participants who made immediatedecisions. Task directions and population differences in the evaluation of option attributes likely represent confounding variables that can disrupt the unconscious thought effect. While Dijksterhuis has argued that his findings necessitate the existence of an unconscious thought process capable of operating in the absence of attention, I suspect that there is a …
The Impact Of Stress On Older Adult Caregivers' Everyday Memory, Jessica H. Anderson
The Impact Of Stress On Older Adult Caregivers' Everyday Memory, Jessica H. Anderson
WWU Graduate School Collection
The goal of the present study was to explore the relationship of stress with everyday memory and basic cognitive abilities in informal older adult caregivers. Caregivers completed a pseudo-medication regimen, measured using an electronic pill cap. The cap monitored the number of openings and the timing of the openings for 14 days. In addition, caregivers completed a daily stress assessment. Hierarchical linear models found no effect of stress, but speed of processing and working memory were related to the correct timing of openings. A cross-level interaction of speed of processing with stress on the timing of openings was found. Individuals …
Large Scale Neural Dynamics Of Rhythmic Sensorimotor Coordination And Stability, Joseph W. (Joseph William) Borrell
Large Scale Neural Dynamics Of Rhythmic Sensorimotor Coordination And Stability, Joseph W. (Joseph William) Borrell
WWU Graduate School Collection
Coordination Dynamics posits that the stability of coordinated patterns of movement may be a key variable for organizing neural activity underlying coordinated action. In support, recent findings suggest that premotor areas play an important role in maintaining pattern stability. The present EEG study investigates how changes in neural activation (assessed via event-related power) are affected both by rate and stability of coordination. Nineteen participants coordinated finger taps with an auditory metronome in either a synchronized or syncopated pattern presented at five different rates (1.00, 1.25, 1.50, 1.75, and 2.00 Hz). Premotor areas demonstrated increases in event-related synchronization (neural deactivation) within …
Effects Of Similarity And Tourist Status On Prosocial Behavior: A Field Study In Spain, Reid A. (Reid Anders) Nelson
Effects Of Similarity And Tourist Status On Prosocial Behavior: A Field Study In Spain, Reid A. (Reid Anders) Nelson
WWU Graduate School Collection
Male and female participants in four cities across Southern and Northern Spain were approached by a male tourist-confederate and were given an opportunity to act in a helpful or unhelpful manner. The factor of interest was similarity to the helper, which was manipulated via spoken language (English vs. Spanish) and soccer team affiliation (in-group vs. out-group jersey). To investigate anti-American sentiment, confederate nationality (American or Canadian) was also manipulated. Prosocial behavior was operationally defined as granting use of a cell phone to a lost tourist. Consistent with the similarity hypothesis, it was found that conditions in which the confederate was …
Situational And Dispositional Influences On Cardiovascular Reactivity To Daily Academic Stressors, Kristen Marie Conley
Situational And Dispositional Influences On Cardiovascular Reactivity To Daily Academic Stressors, Kristen Marie Conley
WWU Graduate School Collection
Stress has many physical effects on the body, including producing elevations in heart rate and blood pressure. This study investigated associations between daily academic stressors and cardiovascular activity. Because individual differences may influence physical reactions to academic stressors, differences in threat/challenge appraisal, test anxiety, and behavioral inhibition were considered as potential moderators of the relationship between academic stressors and cardiovascular activity. Forty-five undergraduate student participants (10 men, 35 women, M age = 20.58) wore an ambulatory blood pressure monitor for four consecutive days, and completed a series of individual difference assessments. Acute and anticipatory academic stressors were associated with cardiovascular …