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Articles 1 - 21 of 21
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
The Role Of Cell Sterilization In Population Based Studies Of Radiogenic Second Cancers Following Radiation Therapy, Annelise Giebeler
The Role Of Cell Sterilization In Population Based Studies Of Radiogenic Second Cancers Following Radiation Therapy, Annelise Giebeler
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Advances in radiotherapy have generated increased interest in comparative studies of treatment techniques and their effectiveness. In this respect, pediatric patients are of specific interest because of their sensitivity to radiation induced second cancers. However, due to the rarity of childhood cancers and the long latency of second cancers, large sample sizes are unavailable for the epidemiological study of contemporary radiotherapy treatments. Additionally, when specific treatments are considered, such as proton therapy, sample sizes are further reduced due to the rareness of such treatments. We propose a method to improve statistical power in micro clinical trials. Specifically, we use a …
Improving The Accuracy Of Radiation Pneumonitis Dose Response Models, Yevgeniy Vinogradskiy
Improving The Accuracy Of Radiation Pneumonitis Dose Response Models, Yevgeniy Vinogradskiy
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
The prognosis for lung cancer patients remains poor. Five year survival rates have been reported to be 15%. Studies have shown that dose escalation to the tumor can lead to better local control and subsequently better overall survival. However, dose to lung tumor is limited by normal tissue toxicity. The most prevalent thoracic toxicity is radiation pneumonitis. In order to determine a safe dose that can be delivered to the healthy lung, researchers have turned to mathematical models predicting the rate of radiation pneumonitis. However, these models rely on simple metrics based on the dose-volume histogram and are not yet …
Evaluation Of Deformable Image Registration For Improved 4d Ct-Derived Ventilation For Image Guided Radiotherapy, Richard Castillo
Evaluation Of Deformable Image Registration For Improved 4d Ct-Derived Ventilation For Image Guided Radiotherapy, Richard Castillo
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Recent treatment planning studies have demonstrated the use of physiologic images in radiation therapy treatment planning to identify regions for functional avoidance. This image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) strategy may reduce the injury and/or functional loss following thoracic radiotherapy. 4D computed tomography (CT), developed for radiotherapy treatment planning, is a relatively new imaging technique that allows the acquisition of a time-varying sequence of 3D CT images of the patient's lungs through the respiratory cycle. Guerrero et al. developed a method to calculate ventilation imaging from 4D CT, which is potentially better suited and more broadly available for IGRT than the current standard …
The Role Of Colour Duplex Ultrasound In The Surveillance Of Patients Undergoing Endovascular Aneurysm Repair, Cleona Gray
The Role Of Colour Duplex Ultrasound In The Surveillance Of Patients Undergoing Endovascular Aneurysm Repair, Cleona Gray
Doctoral
No abstract provided.
Left Ventricular Assist Devices: Engineering Design Considerations, Marwan A. Simaan, Eduardo Divo, George Faragallah, Yu Wang
Left Ventricular Assist Devices: Engineering Design Considerations, Marwan A. Simaan, Eduardo Divo, George Faragallah, Yu Wang
Publications
Patients with end-stage congestive heart failure awaiting heart transplantation often wait long periods of time (300 days or more on the average) before a suitable donor heart becomes available. The medical community has placed increased emphasis on the use of Left Ventricular Assist Devices or LVADs that can substitute for, or enhance, the function of the natural heart while the patient is waiting for the heart transplant (Poirier, 1997; Frazier & Myers, 1999). Essentially, a rotary LVAD is a pump that operates continuously directing blood from the left ventricle into the aorta by avoiding the aortic valve. Generally speaking, the …
Development Of Dose Conversion Coefficients For Radionuclides Produced In Spallation Neutron Sources, Phillip W. Patton
Development Of Dose Conversion Coefficients For Radionuclides Produced In Spallation Neutron Sources, Phillip W. Patton
Transmutation Sciences Physics (TRP)
A research consortium comprised of representatives from several universities and national laboratories will be established as part of this project to generate internal and external dose conversion coefficients for radionuclides produced in spallation neutron sources. Information obtained from this multi-year study will be used to support the siting and licensing of future accelerator-driven nuclear initiatives within the U.S. Department of Energy complex, including the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) and Accelerator Production of Tritium (APT) projects. Determination of these coefficients will also fill data gaps for several hundred radionuclides that exist in Federal Guidance Report (FGR) No. 11 and in Publications …
Clinical Impact Of Couch Top And Rails On Imrt And Arc Therapy, Kiley B. Pulliam
Clinical Impact Of Couch Top And Rails On Imrt And Arc Therapy, Kiley B. Pulliam
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Purpose: To evaluate the clinical impact of the Varian Exact Couch on dose and volume coverage to targets and critical structures and tumor control probability (TCP) for 6-MV IMRT and Arc Therapy.
Methods: Five clinical prostate patients were planned with both, 6-MV 8-field IMRT and 6-MV 2-field RapidArc using the Eclipse treatment planning system (TPS). These plans neglected treatment couch attenuation, as is standard clinical practice. Dose distributions were then recalculated in Eclipse with the inclusion of the Varian Exact Couch (imaging couch top) and the rails in varying configurations. The changes in dose and coverage were evaluated using the …
The Development And Implementation Of An Anthropomorphic Head Phantom For The Assessment Of Proton Therapy Treatment Procedures, Paige A. Summers
The Development And Implementation Of An Anthropomorphic Head Phantom For The Assessment Of Proton Therapy Treatment Procedures, Paige A. Summers
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Proton therapy has become an increasingly more common method of radiation therapy, with the dose sparing to distal tissue making it an appealing option, particularly for treatment of brain tumors. This study sought to develop a head phantom for the Radiological Physics Center (RPC), the first to be used for credentialing of institutions wishing to participate in clinical trials involving brain tumor treatment of proton therapy. It was hypothesized that a head phantom could be created for the evaluation of proton therapy treatment procedures (treatment simulation, planning, and delivery) to assure agreement between the measured dose and calculated dose within …
Evaluation Of Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (Imrt) Delivery Error Due To Imrt Treatment Plan Complexity And Improperly Matched Dosimetry Data, Jacqueline R. Tonigan
Evaluation Of Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (Imrt) Delivery Error Due To Imrt Treatment Plan Complexity And Improperly Matched Dosimetry Data, Jacqueline R. Tonigan
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is a technique that delivers a highly conformal dose distribution to a target volume while attempting to maximally spare the surrounding normal tissues. IMRT is a common treatment modality used for treating head and neck (H&N) cancers, and the presence of many critical structures in this region requires accurate treatment delivery. The Radiological Physics Center (RPC) acts as both a remote and on-site quality assurance agency that credentials institutions participating in clinical trials. To date, about 30% of all IMRT participants have failed the RPC’s remote audit using the IMRT H&N phantom. The purpose …
Direct, Physically-Motivated Derivation Of The Contagion Condition For Spreading Processes On Generalized Random Networks, Peter Sheridan Dodds, Kameron Decker Harris, Joshua L. Payne
Direct, Physically-Motivated Derivation Of The Contagion Condition For Spreading Processes On Generalized Random Networks, Peter Sheridan Dodds, Kameron Decker Harris, Joshua L. Payne
Dartmouth Scholarship
For a broad range of single-seed contagion processes acting on generalized random networks, we derive a unifying analytic expression for the possibility of global spreading events in a straightforward, physically intuitive fashion. Our reasoning lays bare a direct mechanical understanding of an archetypal spreading phenomena that is not evident in circuitous extant mathematical approaches.
Risk Of Second Malignant Neoplasms Following Proton Arc Therapy And Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy For Prostate Cancer, Laura A. Rechner
Risk Of Second Malignant Neoplasms Following Proton Arc Therapy And Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy For Prostate Cancer, Laura A. Rechner
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
The risk of second malignant neoplasms (SMNs) following prostate radiotherapy is a concern due to the large population of survivors and decreasing age at diagnosis. It is known that parallel-opposed beam proton therapy carries a lower risk than photon IMRT. However, a comparison of SMN risk following proton and photon arc therapies has not previously been reported. The purpose of this study was to predict the ratio of excess relative risk (RRR) of SMN incidence following proton arc therapy to that after volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT). Additionally, we investigated the impact of margin size and the effect …
Combating Biological Terrorism From Imported Food, Jeffrey S. Nelson
Combating Biological Terrorism From Imported Food, Jeffrey S. Nelson
Theses and Dissertations
There is a threat that a terrorist or terrorist organization will use access to the US food supply to kill or sicken Americans by contaminating imported food products from Mexico. The food that Americans eat is coming more and more often from foreign countries such as Mexico. Foodborne diseases infect nearly fifty million people in the US each year, resulting in over three thousand deaths. There are many terrorist organizations that would like to deliberately contaminate American food. Drug cartels and terrorist organizations currently operate in Mexico, one of the leading food importers into the US. The purpose of this …
Hemodynamics In The Stenosed Carotid Bifurcation With Plaque Ulceration, Emily Y. Wong
Hemodynamics In The Stenosed Carotid Bifurcation With Plaque Ulceration, Emily Y. Wong
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The presence of irregular plaque surface morphology or ulceration of the atherosclerotic lesion has been identified as an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke. Doppler ultrasound (DUS) is the most commonly performed non-invasive technique used to assess patients suspected of having carotid artery disease, but currently does not incorporate the diagnosis of plaque ulceration. Advanced Doppler analyses incorporating quantitative estimates of flow disturbances may result in diagnostic indices that identify plaque ulcerative conditions. A technique for the fabrication of DUS-compatible flow phantoms was developed, using a direct-machining method that is amenable to comprehensive DUS investigations. In vitro flow studies in …
Table Of Contents
Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Scas Officers And Council Members 2010-2011
Scas Officers And Council Members 2010-2011
Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Properties And Uses Of Sodium Titanates And Peroxotitanates, David Hobbs
Properties And Uses Of Sodium Titanates And Peroxotitanates, David Hobbs
Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Table Of Contents
Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
President's Message, Justin K. Wyatt
President's Message, Justin K. Wyatt
Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Assessment Of The Dependence Of Ventilation Image Calculation From 4d-Ct On Deformation And Ventilation Algorithms, Kujtim Latifi
Assessment Of The Dependence Of Ventilation Image Calculation From 4d-Ct On Deformation And Ventilation Algorithms, Kujtim Latifi
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Ventilation imaging using 4D-CT is a convenient and cost effective functional imaging methodology which might be of value in radiotherapy treatment planning to spare functional lung volumes. To calculate ventilation imaging from 4D-CT we must use deformable image registration (DIR). This study validates the DIR methods and investigates the dependence of calculated ventilation on DIR methods and ventilation algorithms.
The first hypothesis is if ventilation algorithms are robust then they will be insensitive to the precise DIR used provided the DIR is accurate. The second hypothesis is that the change in Houndsfield Unit (HU) method is less dependent on the …
Scas Officers And Council Members 2010 - 2011
Scas Officers And Council Members 2010 - 2011
Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Removal And Sequestration Of Iodide From Alkaline Solutions Using Silver-Doped Carbon Nanotubes, Adrian L. Pishko, Steven M. Serkiz, Apparao M. Rao
Removal And Sequestration Of Iodide From Alkaline Solutions Using Silver-Doped Carbon Nanotubes, Adrian L. Pishko, Steven M. Serkiz, Apparao M. Rao
Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science
No abstract provided.