Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

[Research Note] The Random Somatic Mutation Is Not Quite Random, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

This research note challenges the idea that Random Somatic Mutations are entirely random, highlighting their non-equiprobable nature and their influence on evolution, involution, or indeterminacy. It recalls the Neutrosophic Theory of Evolution, extending Darwin’s theory, and emphasizes the importance of distinguishing between different senses of “random mutation” in evolutionary theory.

Medical Diagnosis Via Refined Neutrosophic Fuzzy Logic: Detection Of Illness Using Neutrosophic Sets, K. Hemabala, B. Srinivasa Kumar, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

The objective of the paper is to implement and validate diagnosis in the medical field via refined neutrosophic fuzzy logic (RNFL). As such, we have proposed a Max-Min composition (MMC) method in RNFL. This method deals with the diagnosis under certain constraints like uncertainty and indeterminacy. Further, we have considered the diagnosis problems to validate the sensitivity analysis of the novel multi attribute decision-making technique. Finally, we gave the graphical representations and compared the obtained results with other existing measures in refined neutrosophic fuzzy sets.

Remark On Regenerative Medicine And Potential Utilization Of Low-Intensity Laser Photobiomodulation To Activate Human Stem Cells, Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache, Robert N. Boyd

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Recently, a friend of one of these writers told her story of using one of a healthcare product to activate her stem cells as part of regenerative medicine. Regenerative medicine is a field of medicine that seeks to repair or replace damaged or diseased tissues and organs. This can be done through a variety of methods, including stem cell therapy, tissue engineering, and gene therapy. This is a short review article on this rapid field called regenerative medicine, in particular via a new method called photobiomodulation, especially by virtue of low-intensity laser pen treatment. Hopefully it will attract more research …

نيوتروسوفيك أوفرسيت ، نيوتروسوفيك أونديرست ، وإزاحة نيوتروسوفيك [Neutrosophic Overset, Neutrosophic Underset, And Neutrosophic Offset], Florentin Smarandache, Riad K Al-Hamido (Translator From English To Arabic)), Khaled Adnan Alabdullah (Translator From English To Arabic)

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

تم تعريف Neutrosophic Over-/ Under- / Off-Set and -Logic لأول مرة بواسطة Smarandache في عام 1995 ونشر في عام 2007. وهي مختلفة تمامًا عن المجموعات / المنطق / الاحتمالات الأخرى. قام بتمديد مجموعة العدلات على التوالي إلى Neutrosophic Overset {عندما يكون بعض مكونات neutrosophic> 1} ، Neutrosophic Underset {عندما يكون بعض مكونات neutrosophic <0} ، وإلى إزاحة Neutrosophic {عندما تكون بعض مكونات العدلات خارج الفاصل الزمني [0 ، 1] ، أي بعض مكونات العدلات> 1 ومكونات أخرى نيوتروسوفيك <0}. هذا ليس مفاجئًا فيما يتعلق بالمجموعة / المنطق الغامض الكلاسيكي ، أو المجموعة / المنطق الغامض الحدسي ، أو الاحتمال الكلاسيكي / غير الدقيق ، حيث لا يُسمح بالقيم خارج الفاصل الزمني [0 ، 1] ، نظرًا لأن عالمنا الحقيقي به العديد من الأمثلة و تطبيقات المكونات الزائدة / السفلية / البعيدة عن العدلات

Neutrosophic Over-/Under-/Off-Set and -Logic were defined for the first time by Smarandache in 1995 and published in 2007. They are totally different from other sets/logics/probabilities. He extended the neutrosophic set respectively to Neutrosophic Overset {when some neutrosophic component is > 1}, Neutrosophic Underset {when …

Collected Papers (On Physics, Artificial Intelligence, Health Issues, Decision Making, Economics, Statistics), Volume Xi, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

This eleventh volume of Collected Papers includes 90 papers comprising 988 pages on Physics, Artificial Intelligence, Health Issues, Decision Making, Economics, Statistics, written between 2001-2022 by the author alone or in collaboration with 84 co-authors from 19 countries.

Collected Papers (On Neutrosophic Theory And Applications), Volume Vii, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

This seventh volume of Collected Papers includes 70 papers comprising 974 pages on (theoretic and applied) neutrosophics, written between 2013-2021 by the author alone or in collaboration with 122 co-authors from 22 countries.

Collected Papers (Neutrosophics And Other Topics), Volume Xiv, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

This fourteenth volume of Collected Papers is an eclectic tome of 87 papers in Neutrosophics and other fields, such as mathematics, fuzzy sets, intuitionistic fuzzy sets, picture fuzzy sets, information fusion, robotics, statistics, or extenics, comprising 936 pages, published between 2008-2022 in different scientific journals or currently in press, by the author alone or in collaboration with 99 co-authors from 26 countries.

Collected Papers (On Neutrosophics, Plithogenics, Hypersoft Set, Hypergraphs, And Other Topics), Volume X, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

This tenth volume of Collected Papers includes 86 papers in English and Spanish languages comprising 972 pages, written between 2014-2022 by the author alone or in collaboration with 105 co-authors from 26 countries.

Collected Papers (On Neutrosophics Theory And Applications), Volume Xii, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

This twelfth volume of Collected Papers includes 86 papers comprising 976 pages on Neutrosophic Theory and Applications, published between 2013-2021 in the international journal and book series NSS by the author alone or in collaboration with the following 112 co-authors (alphabetically ordered) from 21 countries.

Analyzing The Sustainability Of Industry Affected In Covid-19 Pandemic Scenario Using Cosine Similarity Measure Under Svpns And Pnn Model, Priyanka Majumder, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

COVID-19 outbreak is a reminder of the fact that the pandemics have happened in the past and will also occur in the future. The COVID-19 not only has affected the economy; but also it has affected the livelihood, which leads to the changes in businesses. This study aims to identify the most significant indicator (or parameter) that impacts the sustainability of industries. The study should also develop a realtime monitoring system for the sustainability of industries affected by COVID 19. In this work, the Polynomial Neural Network (PNN) and cosine similarity measure under SVPNS (Single-Valued Pentapartitioned Neutrosophic Set) environment have …

An Approach To Neutrosophic Dialogue And A Response To Wef's Great Reset: How Dialogue Is Required In Order To Preserve Social Justice With Anger Management, Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In recent debates, there are arguments on the role of anger in order to preserve social justice. For instance, in open democracy net, there is promoted phrase: "anger is the language of social justice." Others call for anger fueled with love (Sisonke Msimangs). Is that true? Is it achievable, the so-called "anger with love?"

A Neutrosophic Clinical Decision-Making System For Cardiovascular Diseases Risk Analysis, Florentin Smarandache, Shaista Habib, Wardat-Us- Salam, M. Arif Butt, Muhammad Akram

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Early diagnosis of heart disease can reduce this large number of deaths so that treatment can be carried out. Many decision-making systems have been developed, but they are too complex for medical professionals. To target these objectives, we develop an explainable neutrosophic clinical decision-making system for the timely diagnose of cardiovascular disease risk. We make our system transparent and easy to understand with the help of explainable artificial intelligence techniques so that medical professionals can easily adopt this system. Our system is taking thirtyfive symptoms as input parameters, which are, gender, …

A Review Of Major Role Of Vitamin D3 In Human Immune System And Its Possible Use For Novel Corona Virus Treatment, Florentin Smarandache, Victor Christianto

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

the evidences showing major role of Vitamin D3 in human immune system and its potential use for novel corona virus treatment. Our argument is based on research finding that corona virus has viral envelope glycoproteins. In this regard, Vitamin D3 proves to offer various beneficial effects, including immunomodulatory effect, in order to break the glycoproteins envelope of the virus. One of the greatest benefit of vitamin D3 is the fact that it is easy to get 10,000 - 20,000 IU of daily intake requirement, by sunbathing for more or less twenty minutes. Such a method is likely applicable in many …

A Short Remark On Bong Han Duct System (Pvs) As A Neutrosophic Bridge Between Eastern And Western Medicine Paradigms, Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In a previous paper in this journal (IJNS), it is mentioned about a possible approach of “curemony” as a middle way in order to reconcile Eastern and Western’s paradigms of medicine [1]. Although it is known in literature that there are some attempts to reconcile between Eastern and Western medicine paradigms, known as “integrative medicine,” here a new viewpoint is submitted, i.e. Bong Han duct system (PVS), which is a proof of Meridian system, can be a bridge between those two medicine paradigms in neutrosophic sense. This can be considered as a Neutrosophic Logic way to bridge or reconcile the …

A Short Remark On Multipurpose Laser Therapy “Helios” In Ukraine And Its Potential Application For Treatment Of Neurology Disorders, Florentin Smarandache, Volodymyr Krasnoholovets, Victor Christianto, Rizha Vitania, The Houw Liong

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

However, a truly multipurpose laser therapy method is very rarely available. Here we introduce a multipurpose laser therapy device in Ukraine, which is capable to take care a multitude of diseases. It is called “Helios”, by one of us (VK). We also give a case where a patient who suffered from Covid-19 has been treated successfully until he is recovered to healthy condition. In the last section we also discuss potential future application of Helios for other fields; i.e. neurology disorders.

New Types Of Neutrosophic Set/Logic/Probability, Neutrosophic Over-/ Under-/ Off Set, Neutrosophic Refined Set, And Their Extension To Plithogenic Set/Logic/Probability, With Applications, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

This international collective massive book, edited by Florentin Smarandache, has 716 pages, and represents the special issue on neutrosophic environment at SYMMETRY international journal (Scopus, Web of Science, IF: 2.143). The book contains 37 published papers, by 73 authors and coauthors, from 13 countries from around the world, in alphabetical order: China, Cuba, Ecuador, Egypt, India, Jordan, Korea, Malaysia, Pakistan, Romania, Saudi Arabia, United Kingdom, and United States of America.

On The Efficacy Of Moringa Oleifera As Anticancer Treatment: A Literature Survey, Florentin Smarandache, Victor Christianto

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Medicinal plants are important elements of indigenous medical system that have persisted in developing countries. Many of the botanical chemo-preventions currently used as potent anticancer agents. However, some important anticancer agents are still extracted from plants because they cannot be synthesized chemically on a commercial scale due to their complex structures that often contain several chiral centers. The aim of this study was to test different extracts from the Moringa oleifera leaves. Previous studies have shown potentially antioxidant, antitumor promoter, anticlastogen and anticarcinogen activities both in vitro and in vivo. Emerging evidence indicates that efficacy of Moringa oleifera in cancer …

How To Balance Intuitive And Analytical Functions Of Brain: A Neutrosophic Way Of Scientific Discovery Process, Florentin Smarandache, Victor Christianto, Robert Neil Boyd

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Initially this article stems from our discussion on math and mysticism, inspired by an article by Ralph Abraham. But it becomes a discussion on the role of intuition and inspiration in scientific discovery process. Hopefully this article will help anyone who aspires to be good scientists or engineers.

An Integral Triune Model Of Human Consciousness And Its Implications To Cancer Treatment, Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

To emphasize what we have outlined in a preceding paper, we consider the following: that human consciousness model should take into consideration “spirit” role, i.e. the mind-body-spirit as integral aspect, which view is neglected in the so-called Freudian mental model. In this paper, we consider two approaches to cancer treatment derived from such an integral triune view of human consciousness, including (a) healing frequency approach as advised by Royal Rife and David Hawkins, and also (b) relational therapy, based on recent research on the healing role of love and compassion.

Non-Locality, Precognition & Spirit From The Physics Point Of View, Florentin Smarandache, Victor Christianto

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

There are various supernatural phenomena which can hardly be explained by the existing mainstream science, for instance non-local interactions (e.g. ESP) and also precognitive interdictions. And there are other problems such as how to include the Spirit in the framework of physics. For example, it has been known for long time that intuition plays significant role in many professions and human life, including entrepreneurship, government, and also in detective or law enforcement activities. Despite these examples, such a precognitive interdiction is hardly accepted in mainstream science. In this paper, we discuss non-local interactions and advanced solutions of Maxwell equations, and …

On The Efficacy Of High-Dose Ascorbic Acid As Anticancer Treatment: A Literature Survey, Florentin Smarandache, Victor Christianto

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid, ascorbate) has a controversial history in cancer treatment. Emerging evidence indicates that ascorbate in cancer treatment deserves re-examination. As research results concerning ascorbate pharmacokinetics and its mechanisms of action against tumor cells have been published, and as evidence from case studies has continued to mount that ascorbate therapy could be effective if the right protocols were used, interest among physicians and scientists has increased.

A Sketch Of Consciousness Space Beyond Freudian Mental Model And Implications To Socio-Economics Modeling And Integrative Cancer Therapy, Florentin Smarandache, Victor Christianto

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In this paper, we give an outline of an ongoing study to go beyond Freudian mental archetypal model. First, we discuss the essence of numerous problems that we suffer in our sophisticated and modernized society. Then we discuss possibility to reintroduce spirit into human consciousness. While we are aware that much remain to be done and we admit that this is only a sketch, we hope that this paper will start a fresh approach of research towards more realistic nonlinear consciousness model with wide ranging implications to socio-economic modeling and also integrative cancer therapy. At the last section we also …

Neutrosophic Computing And Machine Learning, Vol. 1, Florentin Smarandache, Maikel Leyva-Vázquez

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

La neutrosofía es una nueva rama de la filosofía la cual estudia el origen, naturaleza y alcance de las neutralidades, así como sus interacciones con diferentes espectros ideacionales: (A) es una idea, proposición, teoría, evento, concepto o entidad; anti (A) es el opuesto de (A); y (neut-A) significa ni (A) ni anti (A), es decir, la neutralidad entre los dos extremos. Etimológicamente neutron-sofía [Frances neutre < Latin neuter, neutral, y griego sophia, conocimiento] significa conocimiento de los pensamiento neutrales y comenzó en 1995. Su teoría fundamental afirma que toda idea < A > tiende a ser neutralizada, disminuida, balaceada por las ideas (no solo como Hegel planteó)- como un estado de equilibrio.

A Retinal Vessel Detection Approach Based On Shearlet Transform And Indeterminacy Filtering On Fundus Images, Florentin Smarandache, Yanhui Guo, Umit Budak, Abdulkadir Sengur

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

A fundus image is an effective tool for ophthalmologists studying eye diseases. Retinal vessel detection is a significant task in the identification of retinal disease regions. This study presents a retinal vessel detection approach using shearlet transform and indeterminacy filtering. The fundus image’s green channel is mapped in the neutrosophic domain via shearlet transform. The neutrosophic domain images are then filtered with an indeterminacy filter to reduce the indeterminacy information. A neural network classifier is employed to identify the pixels whose inputs are the features in neutrosophic images. The proposed approach is tested on two datasets, and a receiver operating …

On Syntropy & Precognitive Interdiction Based On Wheeler-Feynman’S Absorber Theory, Florentin Smarandache, Victor Christianto, Yunita Umniyati

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

It has been known for long time that intuition plays significant role in many professions and human life, including in entrepreneurship, government, and also in detective or law enforcement activities. Women are known to possess better intuitive feelings or “hunch” compared to men. Despite these examples, such a precognitive interdiction is hardly accepted in established science. In this letter, we discuss briefly the advanced solutions of Maxwell equations, and then explore plausible connection between syntropy and precognition.

Csp And “Omics” Technology Applied On Versatile And Intelligent Portable Platform For Modeling Complex Bio-Medical Data, Florentin Smarandache, Luige Vladareanu, Mihaiela Iliescu, Hongbo Wang, Feng Yongfei, Victor Vladareanu

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

This paper presents relevant aspects of the idea of using the digital medicine in cancer, so that to shape a viable strategy for creating and implementing an interactive digital platform, NEO-VIP, that should be the basic support to design the strategy for integration of basic, clinical and environmental research on neoplasia progression to cancer. The two main components of the VIPRO Platform are represented by the workstation “Engineering Station” for CPS (Cyber Physical System) and “omics” technology and by the “Graphical Station” for the development of a virtual mechatronic system environment and virtual reality for system components' motion. The NEO-VIP …

A Comparison Of Combined Overlap Block Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (Cobfcm) And Combined Overlap Block Neutrosophic Cognitive Map (Cobncm) In Finding The Hidden Patterns And Indeterminacies In Psychological Causal Models: Case Study Of Adhd, Hojjatollah Farahani, Florentin Smarandache, Lihshing Leigh Wang

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In spite of researchers’ concerns to find causalities, reviewing the literature of psychological studies one may argue that the classical statistical methods applied in order to find causalities are unable to find uncertainty and indeterminacies of the relationships between concepts.

In this paper, we introduce two methods to find effective solutions by identifying “hidden” patterns in the patients’ cognitive maps. Combined Overlap Block Fuzzy Cognitive Map (COBFCM) and Combined Overlap Block Neutrosophic Map (COBNCM) are effective when the number of concepts can be grouped and are large in numbers. In the first section, we introduce COBFCM, COBNCM, their applications, and …

Advances And Applications Of Dezert-Smarandache Theory (Dsmt) For Information Fusion (Collected Works), Vol. 4, Florentin Smarandache, Jean Dezert

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

The fourth volume on Advances and Applications of Dezert-Smarandache Theory (DSmT) for information fusion collects theoretical and applied contributions of researchers working in different fields of applications and in mathematics. The contributions (see List of Articles published in this book, at the end of the volume) have been published or presented after disseminating the third volume (2009, http://fs.unm.edu/DSmT-book3.pdf) in international conferences, seminars, workshops and journals.

First Part of this book presents the theoretical advancement of DSmT, dealing with Belief functions, conditioning and deconditioning, Analytic Hierarchy Process, Decision Making, Multi-Criteria, evidence theory, combination rule, evidence distance, conflicting belief, sources of evidences …

Extenics In Higher Dimensions, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Prof. Dr. Florentin Smarandache, during his research period in the Summer of 2012 at

the Research Institute of Extenics and Innovation Methods, from Guangdong University of

Technology, in Guangzhou, China, has introduced the Linear and Non-Linear Attraction

Point Principle and the Network of Attraction Curves, he has generalized the 1D Extension

Distance and the 1D Dependent Function to 2D, 3D, and in general to n-D Spaces, and he

generalized Qiao-Xing Li’s and Xing-Sen Li’s definitions of the Location Value of a Point

and the Dependent Function of a Point on a Single Finite Interval from one dimension (1D) …

An Introduction To Dezert-Smarandache Theory (Dsmt), Jean Dezert, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

The management and combination of uncertain, imprecise, fuzzy and even paradoxical or highly conflicting sources of information has always been, and still remains today, of primal importance for the development of reliable modern information systems involving artificial reasoning. In this introduction, we present a survey of our recent theory of plausible and paradoxical reasoning, known as Dezert-Smarandache Theory (DSmT), developed for dealing with imprecise, uncertain and conflicting sources of information. We focus our presentation on the foundations of DSmT and on its most important rules of combination, rather than on browsing specific applications of DSmT available in literature. Several simple …