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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Community Based Interventions For The Prevention And Control Of Tuberculosis, Ahmed Arshad, Rehana A. Salam, Zohra S. Lassi, Jai K. Das, Imama Naqvi, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta
Community Based Interventions For The Prevention And Control Of Tuberculosis, Ahmed Arshad, Rehana A. Salam, Zohra S. Lassi, Jai K. Das, Imama Naqvi, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health
In 2012, an estimated 8.6 million people developed tuberculosis (TB) and 1.3 million died from the disease. With its recent resurgence with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); TB prevention and management has become further challenging. We systematically evaluated the effectiveness of community based interventions (CBI) for the prevention and treatment of TB and a total of 41 studies were identified for inclusion. Findings suggest that CBI for TB prevention and case detection showed significant increase in TB detection rates (RR: 3.1, 95% CI: 2.92, 3.28) with non-significant impact on TB incidence. CBI for treating patients with active TB showed an …
Community-Based Interventions For The Prevention And Control Of Helmintic Neglected Tropical Diseases, Rehana A. Salam, Hasina Maredia, Jai K. Das, Zohra S. Lassi, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta
Community-Based Interventions For The Prevention And Control Of Helmintic Neglected Tropical Diseases, Rehana A. Salam, Hasina Maredia, Jai K. Das, Zohra S. Lassi, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health
In this paper, we aim to systematically analyze the effectiveness of community-based interventions (CBIs) for the prevention and control of helminthiasis including soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) (ascariasis, hookworms, and trichuriasis), lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis, dracunculiasis, and schistosomiasis. We systematically reviewed literature published before May 2013 and included 32 studies in this review. Findings from the meta-analysis suggest that CBIs are effective in reducing the prevalence of STH (RR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.38, 0.54), schistosomiasis (RR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.33, 0.50), and STH intensity (SMD: -3.16, 95 CI: -4.28, -2.04). They are also effective in improving mean hemoglobin (SMD: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.20, …
Impact Of Community-Based Interventions For The Prevention And Control Of Malaria On Intervention Coverage And Health Outcomes For The Prevention And Control Of Malaria, Rehana A. Salam, Jai K. Das, Zohra S. Lassi, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta
Impact Of Community-Based Interventions For The Prevention And Control Of Malaria On Intervention Coverage And Health Outcomes For The Prevention And Control Of Malaria, Rehana A. Salam, Jai K. Das, Zohra S. Lassi, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health
In this paper, we aim to evaluate the effectiveness of community-based interventions (CBIs) for the prevention and management of malaria. We conducted a systematic review and identified 42 studies for inclusion. Twenty-five of the included studies evaluated the impact of the community-based distribution of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs), indoor residual spraying (IRS), or impregnated bed sheets; 14 studies evaluated intermittent preventive therapy (IPT) delivered in community settings; two studies focused on community-based education for malaria prevention; and one study evaluated environmental management through drain cleaning. Our analysis suggests that, overall, the community-based delivery of interventions to prevent and control malaria resulted …
Impact Of Community-Based Interventions On Hiv Knowledge, Attitudes And Transmission, Rehana A. Salam, Sarah Haroon, Hashim H. Ahmed, Jai K. Das, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta
Impact Of Community-Based Interventions On Hiv Knowledge, Attitudes And Transmission, Rehana A. Salam, Sarah Haroon, Hashim H. Ahmed, Jai K. Das, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health
In 2012, an estimated 35.3 million people lived with HIV, while approximately two million new HIV infections were reported. Community-based interventions (CBIs) for the prevention and control of HIV allow increased access and ease availability of medical care to population at risk, or already infected with, HIV. This paper evaluates the impact of CBIs on HIV knowledge, attitudes, and transmission. We included 39 studies on educational activities, counseling sessions, home visits, mentoring, women's groups, peer leadership, and street outreach activities in community settings that aimed to increase awareness on HIV/AIDS risk factors and ensure treatment adherence. Our review findings suggest …