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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Parent Behavior And Child Distress During Urethral Catheterization, Charmaine Kleiber, Ann Marie Mccarthy
Parent Behavior And Child Distress During Urethral Catheterization, Charmaine Kleiber, Ann Marie Mccarthy
Ann Marie McCarthy
ISSUES AND PURPOSE: Researchers need a clear understanding of the natural behaviors parents use to help their children cope. This study describes the relationships between naturally occurring parent behaviors and child distress behaviors during urethral catheterization. DESIGN AND METHODS: In this descriptive study, researchers videotaped the behaviors of parent-child interactions during urethral catheterization. RESULTS: Parents used distraction to maintain calm behavior during the first part of the procedure and used more reassurance when the children started to become distressed. Seven of the nine children displayed calm behavior at least half the time following distraction. Parental reassurance did not decrease distress …
Parent Behavior And Child Distress During Urethral Catheterization, Charmaine Kleiber, Ann Marie Mccarthy
Parent Behavior And Child Distress During Urethral Catheterization, Charmaine Kleiber, Ann Marie Mccarthy
Ann Marie McCarthy
ISSUES AND PURPOSE: Researchers need a clear understanding of the natural behaviors parents use to help their children cope. This study describes the relationships between naturally occurring parent behaviors and child distress behaviors during urethral catheterization. DESIGN AND METHODS: In this descriptive study, researchers videotaped the behaviors of parent-child interactions during urethral catheterization. RESULTS: Parents used distraction to maintain calm behavior during the first part of the procedure and used more reassurance when the children started to become distressed. Seven of the nine children displayed calm behavior at least half the time following distraction. Parental reassurance did not decrease distress …
Evaluation Of A School Re-Entry Nursing Intervention For Children With Cancer, Ann Mccarthy, Janet Williams, C. Plumer
Evaluation Of A School Re-Entry Nursing Intervention For Children With Cancer, Ann Mccarthy, Janet Williams, C. Plumer
Ann Marie McCarthy
A retrospective qualitative design was used to identify and compare the concerns, parents, teachers, and children have regarding school re-entry after a cancer diagnosis and to describe the impact of a school re-entry program on parents', teachers', and children's concerns. Audiotaped, semistructured interviews were obtained from a convenience sample of 10 children with cancer (ages 5 to 13 years), 10 mothers, and nine teachers. All participants were positive about the school re-entry nursing intervention, which is described. Results of content analyses indicate that before the intervention, mothers were concerned about their child's safety and peer teasing; teachers were concerned about …
Nurse Practitioner-Patient Interactional Analyses During Well-Child Visits, C. Webster-Stratton, J. Glascock, Ann Mccarthy
Nurse Practitioner-Patient Interactional Analyses During Well-Child Visits, C. Webster-Stratton, J. Glascock, Ann Mccarthy
Ann Marie McCarthy
No abstract provided.
Integrating Molecular Genetics Analyses Into Clinical Research, D. Schutte, Ann Mccarthy, M. Floria-Santos, Kirsten Hanrahan, J. Murray, Charmaine Kleiber
Integrating Molecular Genetics Analyses Into Clinical Research, D. Schutte, Ann Mccarthy, M. Floria-Santos, Kirsten Hanrahan, J. Murray, Charmaine Kleiber
Ann Marie McCarthy
The integration of molecular genetics approaches into the study of complex health phenomena is an increasingly important and available strategy for researchers across the health science disciplines. Pain sensation and response to painful stimuli are examples of complex health phenomena that are particularly amenable to molecular genetics approaches. Both human and animal model research suggests that differences in these responses may be related, in part, to variation in the genes that modulate sensation and behavior. The authors are currently managing a large cross-disciplinary research effort to identify child characteristics, including genotypes, that predict the degree of distress displayed by children …
A Descriptive Study Of Individuals With Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis, Der-Fa Lu, Anne Mccarthy, L. Lanning, C. Delaney, C. Porter
A Descriptive Study Of Individuals With Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis, Der-Fa Lu, Anne Mccarthy, L. Lanning, C. Delaney, C. Porter
Ann Marie McCarthy
OBJECTIVE: Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) is one of a group of glomerulonephritides that often begins in childhood and progresses to renal failure. The purpose of this paper is to describe the initial results of a patient-driven database on individuals with MPGN. SAMPLE/SETTING: Patients with MPGN Types I, II, and III and their family members were recruited to this survey study. DESIGN: A population survey design was used. METHODS: A survey was developed for this study that obtained information from the individual with MPGN or a guardian on: patient information, family/patient health history, history of PGN, medications, course of MPGN, history of …
Infant And Preschool Well-Child Care: Master's- And Nonmaster's-Prepared Pediatric Nurse Practitioners, J. Glascock, C. Webster-Stratton, Ann Mccarthy
Infant And Preschool Well-Child Care: Master's- And Nonmaster's-Prepared Pediatric Nurse Practitioners, J. Glascock, C. Webster-Stratton, Ann Mccarthy
Ann Marie McCarthy
The nursing and medical literature reveals considerable debate over whether graduate or continuing education is the appropriate level for nurse practitioner preparation. These arguments have been rhetorical since the research literature lacks data on the scope of practice of master's- and nonmaster's-prepared nurse practitioners. The purpose of this study was to examine possible differences between the two types of practitioners in one area--well-child care provided by pediatric nurse practitioners (PNPs). A total of 236 master's- and nonmaster's-prepared PNPs completed a background questionnaire and checklists of nursing activities involving infant and preschool well-child care. Analysis of study results showed that master's …
Innovative Approaches For Teaching Children With Chronic Conditions, J. Engvall, Ann Mccarthy
Innovative Approaches For Teaching Children With Chronic Conditions, J. Engvall, Ann Mccarthy
Ann Marie McCarthy
No abstract provided.
Factors Explaining Children's Responses To Intravenous Needle Insertions, Ann Mccarthy, Charmaine Kleiber, Kirsten Hanrahan, M. Zimmerman, N. Westhus, S. Allen
Factors Explaining Children's Responses To Intravenous Needle Insertions, Ann Mccarthy, Charmaine Kleiber, Kirsten Hanrahan, M. Zimmerman, N. Westhus, S. Allen
Ann Marie McCarthy
BACKGROUND: Previous research shows that numerous child, parent, and procedural variables affect children's distress responses to procedures. Cognitive-behavioral interventions such as distraction are effective in reducing pain and distress for many children undergoing these procedures. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this report was to examine child, parent, and procedural variables that explain child distress during a scheduled intravenous insertion when parents are distraction coaches for their children. METHODS: A total of 542 children, between 4 and 10 years of age, and their parents participated. Child age, gender, diagnosis, and ethnicity were measured by questions developed for this study. Standardized instruments were …
Normative Salivary Cortisol Values And Responsivity In Children, Ann Mccarthy, Kirsten Hanrahan, Charmaine Kleiber, M. Zimmerman, S. Lutgendorf, E. Tsalikian
Normative Salivary Cortisol Values And Responsivity In Children, Ann Mccarthy, Kirsten Hanrahan, Charmaine Kleiber, M. Zimmerman, S. Lutgendorf, E. Tsalikian
Ann Marie McCarthy
This was a descriptive study on normative salivary cortisol values and responsivity to a hospital clinic visit and an intravenous (IV) procedure in children. The study presented was a subproject of a primary research study that examined parents coaching their children requiring an IV placement in the use of distraction. One measure of child response in the primary study, salivary cortisol, was included to further our understanding of children's physiologic response to stressful and painful stimuli. Salivary cortisol samples were obtained from 384 children aged between 4 and 10 years upon arrival to the clinic and 20 minutes after their …
Predictors Of Topical Anesthetic Effectiveness In Children, Charmaine Kleiber, D. Schutte, Ann Mccarthy, M. Floria-Santos, J. Murray, Kirsten Hanrahan
Predictors Of Topical Anesthetic Effectiveness In Children, Charmaine Kleiber, D. Schutte, Ann Mccarthy, M. Floria-Santos, J. Murray, Kirsten Hanrahan
Ann Marie McCarthy
Some children report significant pain with peripheral intravenous catheter (IV) insertion, despite the appropriate use of topical lidocaine anesthetics. This analysis of data from an existing study identified factors related to variation in topical anesthetic effectiveness used for IV insertion. The children (n = 218) in this investigation were 4 to 10 years old and undergoing a scheduled IV insertion. Inclusion criteria were (1) topical anesthetic was used according to manufacturer's recommendations, (2) DNA material was available, and (3) child completed a self-report measure of pain intensity (Oucher scale). Low pain phenotype was defined as a pain intensity score of …
A Conceptual Model Of Factors Influencing Children's Responses To A Painful Procedure When Parents Are Distraction Coaches, Ann Mccarthy, Charmaine Kleiber
A Conceptual Model Of Factors Influencing Children's Responses To A Painful Procedure When Parents Are Distraction Coaches, Ann Mccarthy, Charmaine Kleiber
Ann Marie McCarthy
The purpose of this article is to present a model of factors that may influence a child's response to a painful procedure when parents are distraction coaches during the procedure. Nonpharmacological interventions, in particular, distraction, and parents as coaches for their children during procedures are discussed. A conceptual model is presented that illustrates the multiple factors and their possible relationships. A selected review of studies is provided that supports the inclusion of these factors in the model. The model and literature review focus on three major areas: characteristics of the child, characteristics of the parent, and procedural variables. The model …
Impact Of Parent-Provided Distraction On Child Responses To An Iv Insertion, Ann Mccarthy, Charmaine Kleiber, Kirsten Hanrahan, M. Zimmerman, N. Westhus, S. Allen
Impact Of Parent-Provided Distraction On Child Responses To An Iv Insertion, Ann Mccarthy, Charmaine Kleiber, Kirsten Hanrahan, M. Zimmerman, N. Westhus, S. Allen
Ann Marie McCarthy
This study evaluates the impact of parent-provided distraction on children's responses (behavioral, physiological, parent, and self-report) during an IV insertion. Participants were 542 children, 4 to 10 years old, randomized to an experimental group that received a parent distraction coaching intervention or to routine care. Experimental group children had significantly less cortisol responsivity (p = .026). Children that received the highest level of distraction coaching had the lowest distress on behavioral, parent report, and cortisol measures. When parents provide a higher frequency and quality of distraction, children have lower distress responses on most measures.
Cognitive Behavioral Pain And Anxiety Interventions In Pediatric Oncology Centers And Bone Marrow Transplant Units, Ann Mccarthy, V. Cool, M. Petersen, D. Bruene
Cognitive Behavioral Pain And Anxiety Interventions In Pediatric Oncology Centers And Bone Marrow Transplant Units, Ann Mccarthy, V. Cool, M. Petersen, D. Bruene
Ann Marie McCarthy
Although research conducted on the treatment of pain and anxiety in children has found a number of cognitive behavioral interventions to be effective, it is not known to what extent this research has been put into practice. The purpose of this project was to obtain information on the use of cognitive behavioral interventions to help children and families cope with the pain and anxiety experienced during lumbar punctures and bone marrow aspirations. In this descriptive study, 15 Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplant Units and 32 Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Centers from across the country were surveyed using a questionnaire developed to obtain information …
Children's Responses To Sequential Versus Simultaneous Immunization Injections, M. Horn, Ann Mccarthy
Children's Responses To Sequential Versus Simultaneous Immunization Injections, M. Horn, Ann Mccarthy
Ann Marie McCarthy
INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to compare distress behaviors and perceptions of distress in 4- to 6-year-old children who received two immunization injections simultaneously with those in children who received their immunizations sequentially. METHOD: This experimental study used a convenience sample of 46 children scheduled for pre-kindergarten examinations. The children were randomly assigned to either a sequential injection or a simultaneous injection group. Direct observation and videotapes were made of the children's behaviors before and after injection. Distress behaviors were analyzed with the Observation Scale of Behavioral Distress-Revised, and perceptions of distress were obtained from both children (with …
Effects Of Diabetes On Learning In Children, Ann Mccarthy, S. Lindgren, M. Mengeling, E. Tsalikian, J. Engvall
Effects Of Diabetes On Learning In Children, Ann Mccarthy, S. Lindgren, M. Mengeling, E. Tsalikian, J. Engvall
Ann Marie McCarthy
OBJECTIVE: Subtle neuropsychological deficits have been found in some children with type 1 diabetes. However, these data have been inconsistent, and it is not clear what the impact of these deficits might be on the learning of children with diabetes over time. The purpose of this study was to determine whether type 1 diabetes significantly interferes with the development of functional academic skills. It was hypothesized that 1) children with type 1 diabetes would demonstrate deficits in academic performance and behavior when compared with sibling or classmate control subjects and 2) that academic performance in children with type 1 diabetes …
Cognitive Behavioral Interventions For Children During Painful Procedures: Research Challenges And Program Development, Ann Mccarthy, V. Cool, Kirsten Hanrahan
Cognitive Behavioral Interventions For Children During Painful Procedures: Research Challenges And Program Development, Ann Mccarthy, V. Cool, Kirsten Hanrahan
Ann Marie McCarthy
The purpose of this report is to describe a pilot program designed to introduce the use of cognitive behavioral interventions for painful pediatric procedures at a university hospital, and to discuss the challenges that occurred during this process. Participants in the program included ten parents and their children who were newly diagnosed with leukemia, and staff who provided treatment for these children. Measures included direct videotaped observations of the children, perceptions of pain and anxiety completed by children, parents, and staff, and parent and staff ratings of satisfaction with the program. Results indicated strong acceptance of the interventions. This report …