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Epidural Analgesia Effect In Labor And Delivery, Deka A. Abdulle Jan 2019

Epidural Analgesia Effect In Labor And Delivery, Deka A. Abdulle

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Epidural analgesia has an impact on duration of labor, type of delivery and the neonate. Good research data supports epidural analgesia shorts first stage of labor, lengthens second stage, increases instrumental delivery but no increased risk for cesarean delivery. Epidural analgesia has no effect on neonatal Apgar scores but decreases initiating and duration of breastfeeding.


The Critical Review Of Overuse Of Medication In The Geriatric Population, Sophia A. Allwood Jan 2019

The Critical Review Of Overuse Of Medication In The Geriatric Population, Sophia A. Allwood

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Background: The overuse of medications is of concern among the geriatric population, especially in various settings including in-home and community-based (assisted living and independent living). This review found that older individuals take nine or more medications daily. The overuse of medications has an increased tendency to cause problems for older patients and creates adverse consequences. The adverse consequences cause problems and injuries, such as broken bones, head trauma, and death. Purpose: The purpose of this critical review of the literature is to investigate the issues related to the overuse of medication in the geriatric population and the negative impact of …


Barriers And Strategies To Life-Style And Dietary Pattern Interventions For Prevention And Managment Of Type-2 Diabetes In Africa., Hirut B. Bekele Jan 2019

Barriers And Strategies To Life-Style And Dietary Pattern Interventions For Prevention And Managment Of Type-2 Diabetes In Africa., Hirut B. Bekele

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Background: Diabetes mellitus is the major chronic illness in Africa that requires lifelong life-style interventions and pharmacological therapy. The main contributing factors for the rise of diabetes in Africa are urbanization, population changes, and life-style changes (Kengne, Amoah & Mbanya, 2005). Diabetes is the fourth leading cause of mortality in the world and accounts for 80% of the deaths that occur in underdeveloped countries. Life-style change is the most important aspect of diabetes care and includes diabetes self -management education and support (DSMES), medical nutrition therapy (MNT), physical activity, smoking cessation counseling, and psychosocial care. Purpose: The purpose of this …


The Effect Of Amniotomy On Labor Progression, Lauren Marie Casey, Eric Johann Judd Ii Jan 2019

The Effect Of Amniotomy On Labor Progression, Lauren Marie Casey, Eric Johann Judd Ii

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Background/Purpose: Amniotomy has been a tool used for over 50 years to progress labor. This literature review researches the effects that amniotomy has on active labor progression. Theoretical Framework: The theoretical framework selected for this literature review was The System’s Model by Betty Neuman. This theory focuses on the effects that internal and external forces have on health. This was selected because of the effects that amniotomy can have on labor progression. Methods: For this review, the 20 articles were selected following a search in The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), CINAHL Plus, Cochrane Database of …


The Effect Of Integrative Medicine Practices On The Use Of Obstetric Intervention In Labor And Delivery, Rachel Cochran Jan 2019

The Effect Of Integrative Medicine Practices On The Use Of Obstetric Intervention In Labor And Delivery, Rachel Cochran

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Background/Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to review scholarly writings to discern if the use of integrative medicine practices affects the use of obstetric intervention in labor and delivery. Theoretical Framework: The Theory of Human Caring by Jean Watson will be used as the theoretical structure of this literature review. Watson’s theory places caring at the center of all activities, decisions, and practices within the discipline of nursing and emphasizes a journey of caring for the whole person. Methods: Nineteen research articles were critically reviewed with the purpose of determining whether the use of specific integrative medicine practices affects …


How Nurse-Midwives Can Best Support Families Who Have Experienced Perinatal Loss, Tina Marie Egner, Jennifer J. Kluck Jan 2019

How Nurse-Midwives Can Best Support Families Who Have Experienced Perinatal Loss, Tina Marie Egner, Jennifer J. Kluck

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Background/Purpose: Although perinatal loss remains a common occurrence and nurse-midwives are instrumental in this care, the American College of Nurse-Midwives has yet to issue a position statement or professional care guidelines for providers. The purpose of the paper is to explore the literature to answer the research question: how can nurse-midwives best support families who have experienced a perinatal loss? The specific focal areas will examine best practices for providers based on current evidence. Theoretical Framework: Kristen Swanson’s (1991) Theory of Caring will serve as the conceptual framework to address the research question. Swanson’s middle range nursing theory of caring …


The Impact Of Midwifery Care On Racial Disparities In African American Women And Infants, Madeline Grace Englund, Antionette Renee Estis Jan 2019

The Impact Of Midwifery Care On Racial Disparities In African American Women And Infants, Madeline Grace Englund, Antionette Renee Estis

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Background/Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to critically examine scholarly writings to understand the history and current manifestations of racism in maternal and perinatal outcomes and reproductive health care and to provide insight on how midwives can be impactful to the health disparities that impact Black women and infants. Theoretical Framework: Dr. David Williams created a framework for understanding the relationship between race and health. Understanding the differential distribution of adverse health consequences within racial groups is essential to developing effective solutions to these problems. Race is constructed of biological factors, social, and economic structures by which groups live …


Labor Induction Methods And Their Impact On Duration Of Labor And Rate Of Cesarean Section, Ashley M. Golinghorst Jan 2019

Labor Induction Methods And Their Impact On Duration Of Labor And Rate Of Cesarean Section, Ashley M. Golinghorst

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Background/Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to critically review current literature regarding current methods for labor induction and their impact on the duration of labor and rate of cesarean section. Theoretical Framework: Imogene King’s Theory of Goal Attainment is the framework used for this literature appraisal. King’s theory focuses on the dynamic interacting systems for goal attainment (Gonzalo, 2011). Methods: Twenty-one original research articles involving labor induction methods were critically reviewed. Additionally, six systematic reviews involving labor induction methods were also included. Results/Findings: Labor induction is associated with an overall increased risk of cesarean section. Intravenous oxytocin use alone …


Understanding The Role Of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Among Women With Fibromyalgia: A Review Of The Literature, Emily Hall Jan 2019

Understanding The Role Of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Among Women With Fibromyalgia: A Review Of The Literature, Emily Hall

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Background: Women with fibromyalgia (FM) experience a range of symptoms threatening the integrity of their overall wellbeing. Since no cure exists, management to reduce symptoms, disability, and improve functionality is the focus. Promising outcomes have been demonstrated when cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is used as a complementary measure to other treatments to increase an individual’s coping mechanisms through various exercises. Purpose: The Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms (TOUS), introduced by Elizabeth Lens and colleagues in 1995, provided a guiding framework to evaluate the effectiveness of multidisciplinary therapy with CBT in controlling influencers of pain and general symptom intensity. Results: Nineteen studies …


Interventions For Promoting Earlier Enrollment Into Hospice And Palliative Care Among Patients With A Terminal Illness, Jody K. Kampa Jan 2019

Interventions For Promoting Earlier Enrollment Into Hospice And Palliative Care Among Patients With A Terminal Illness, Jody K. Kampa

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Background: Although research supports palliative care (PC) to improve symptoms and quality of life for patients with terminal illnesses, these services are underutilized. While 80% of people prefer to die at home, the majority still die in an acute care facility, sometimes receiving aggressive interventions that may increase suffering up until the very end of life. Earlier referral to PC or hospice care can improve symptom management and facilitate end-of-life (EOL) wishes. Purpose: The purpose of this critical review of literature was to identify barriers as well as evidenced-based interventions to promote earlier enrollment into hospice and PC among patients …


The Fertile Window, Ashley Joy Jensen Jan 2019

The Fertile Window, Ashley Joy Jensen

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Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine various biological indicators and tracking methods to determine which are the most accurate in identifying the fertility window for reproductive-aged women. Results: Whether the woman has regular or irregular cycles is a major determinant of what method can be successfully utilized. Additionally, the woman’s desire to achieve a pregnancy and her preference regarding intensity of the necessary training are significant factors in choosing a method. Use of two biologic indicators is discussed as some research points to this being the most effective. Finally, recommended web and mobile applications are discussed with …


Risks And Benefits Of Trial Of Labor After Cesarean When Compared To Elective Repeat Cesarean Section In Rural Facilities, Cassie Marie Kurtz, Anna Ruth Picker Jan 2019

Risks And Benefits Of Trial Of Labor After Cesarean When Compared To Elective Repeat Cesarean Section In Rural Facilities, Cassie Marie Kurtz, Anna Ruth Picker

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Background/Purpose: Trial of Labor After Cesarean (TOLAC) is a safe delivery option formany women. Due to demographics, availability in rural communities, and lack of education and opportunity, many women are not attempting them. Women should have access to TOLAC regardless of their geographic location, socio-economic status, or insurance. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) practice bulletin urges that facilities have an emergency plan in place if an emergent cesarean is required. It does not state that staff must be immediately available. Rather, it recommends that facilities provide cesarean delivery for situations that are threatening to the life of …


Teaching Resilience To Nurses And Nursing Students, Laura Elizabeth Mckinney Jan 2019

Teaching Resilience To Nurses And Nursing Students, Laura Elizabeth Mckinney

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Background: Nurses are leaving the profession at high rates and many of them cite compassion fatigue and burnout as the cause. Nursing students leave their schooling at even higher rates. Developing resilience in nursing students and practicing nurses will prevent many from changing careers. Purpose: The purpose of this critical review of the literature is to answer the question: How can nurse educators encourage the growth of resilience in nursing students and practicing nurses? Results: Using the Johns Hopkins Research Evidence Appraisal Tool (Dearholt & Dang, 2002), eighteen high quality and good quality articles were reviewed for this project. This …


Effects Of Labor Support From Doulas On Birth Outcomes, Mattea Jo Otten Jan 2019

Effects Of Labor Support From Doulas On Birth Outcomes, Mattea Jo Otten

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Background/Purpose: Women using a doula for support during labor and childbirth is increasing, with 6% of women in 2012 utilizing doulas (Dekker, 2017). The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [ACOG] recommends one-to-one labor support to improve labor outcomes. The purpose of this literature review was to determine the effects of labor support from doulas on birth outcomes. Theoretical Framework: Kolcaba's Theory of Comfort can be used during childbirth. This theory focuses on relief, ease, and transcendence, allowing women the opportunity to rise above the pain and experience comfort, even when their pain is not gone. Doula support is intended …


Strategies To Improve English As An Additional Language (Eal) Nursing Student Communication, Kellie Ann Quesada Jan 2019

Strategies To Improve English As An Additional Language (Eal) Nursing Student Communication, Kellie Ann Quesada

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Background: The demand for diverse nurses to care for an increasingly diverse population in the United States is growing. Nursing programs need to have strategies in place to support nursing students who a speak English as an Additional Language (EAL). Adequate communication skills are an essential part of the nurse- patient relationship and can be complicated by language barriers. Strategies to improve this communication need to be evaluated to ensure that resources are dedicated to the most efficient strategies. Purpose: The purpose of this review is to determine the most effective strategies to improve communication skills in nursing students who …


The Effectiveness Of Non-Pharmacological Touch Therapies In Labor, Heather Rice Jan 2019

The Effectiveness Of Non-Pharmacological Touch Therapies In Labor, Heather Rice

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Background/Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to critically analyze literature in order to determine the effectiveness of non-pharmacological touch therapies during labor. The touch therapies included in this literature review are acupuncture, acupressure, massage, and sterile water injections. The specific outcomes studies are labor pain, duration of labor, labor progress, mode of delivery, maternal satisfaction, and neonatal outcomes. Theoretical Framework: The Modeling and Role Modeling Theory can be used as a foundation for the utilization of non-pharmacological touch therapies in labor. This theory is a self-care model based on the clinical perception of the world and adaptations to stressors …


Nursing Strategies To Meet The Communication Needs Of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Elizabeth A. Voss Jan 2019

Nursing Strategies To Meet The Communication Needs Of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Elizabeth A. Voss

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Background: Parents reported their children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) needs are unmet or delayed in health care settings. Health care providers stated they were not comfortable caring for children with ASD. Since communication impairment is the hallmark of ASD, nurses have a duty to know how children with ASD communicate and provide strategies to meet their communication needs. Purpose: The purpose of this critical review was to examine the literature for answers to the practice questions: How do children with ASD communicate? And, what strategies could a nurse implement to meet the communication needs of children with ASD? Results: …


Mitigating Depression In Intensive Care Unit (Icu) Patients: A Review Of The Literature, Heidi L. Wiertzema Jan 2019

Mitigating Depression In Intensive Care Unit (Icu) Patients: A Review Of The Literature, Heidi L. Wiertzema

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Background: Many patients who become critically ill spend an extended period of time in the intensive care unit (ICU). Oftentimes, patients experience depression as they navigate the healing process. Experiencing these symptoms may influence the road to recovery and life after critical illness. Purpose: The prevalence of symptoms of depression can range from 10 to 30% in ICU survivors (Myhren, Ekeberg, Tøien, Karlsson, & Stokland, 2010; Peris et al., 2011). Strategies to prevent and manage symptoms of depression are some of the current trends in critical care research. Therefore, a literature review of the interventions was conducted in order to …


Level Of Postoperative Pain As It Relates To Patients Undergoing Robotic And Open Thyroidectomy Surgery, Lucinda E. Zeilinger Jan 2019

Level Of Postoperative Pain As It Relates To Patients Undergoing Robotic And Open Thyroidectomy Surgery, Lucinda E. Zeilinger

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Background: With the growing popularity of robotic surgery, more research should be performed to compare the outcomes with the conventional, open approaches. In particular, comparison of postoperative pain is needed as it has significant implications for nursing practice. Purpose: The purpose of this critical review of the literature is to examine evidence on postoperative pain scores between the robotic thyroidectomy and the open approach. Results: Eighteen articles were identified for review and were analyzed using the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Research Evidence Appraisal tool (Dang & Dearholt, 2018). The literature revealed no significant differences in postoperative pain and discomfort …


Current Best Practices, Evidence, Safety, And Efficacy Regarding Hormone Therapy Use For Menopausal And Postmenopausal Women, Kelly Lynn Zschoche Jan 2019

Current Best Practices, Evidence, Safety, And Efficacy Regarding Hormone Therapy Use For Menopausal And Postmenopausal Women, Kelly Lynn Zschoche

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Background: Every woman will experience menopause, however each woman’s experience is individual and has varying degrees of symptoms. As a woman ages estrogen production declines and eventually ceases. Hormone replacement therapy has been used for menopausal symptom management and for other conditions associated with declining estrogen. Information regarding hormone replacement therapy is conflicting and confusing. Evidence exists regarding safety and efficacy of hormone replacement therapy. Purpose: The purpose of this critical review of the literature is to answer the practice questions of: What are the current best practices around hormone therapy use for menopausal and postmenopausal women? What is the …