Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Opioids For Dyspnea End Of Life Review, Lindsey Obarzanek, Wendy Wu, Victoria Tutag-Lehr

Library Scholarly Publications

Objective: The objective of this systematic review is to consolidate the existing evidence on opioid use, including administration, dosing and efficacy, for the relief of dyspnea at end-of-life. The overarching goal is to optimize clinical management of dyspnea by identifying patterns in opioid use, improving opioid management of dyspnea, and to prioritize future research.

Background: Opioids are commonly used in the management of dyspnea at end of life; yet specific administration guidelines are limited. A greater understanding of the effectiveness of opioids in relieving end-of-life dyspnea with consideration of study design, patients, and opioids, including dyspnea evaluation tools …

Comparison Of Emla And Diclofenac On Reduction Of Pain And Phlebitis Caused By Peripheral Iv Catheter: A Randomized-Controlled Trial Study, Faezeh Babaieasl, Hossein Y. Yarandi, Seyedehtanaz Saeidzadeh, Motahareh Kheradmand

Nursing Faculty Research Publications

Peripheral venous catheters (PVC) are often used to provide hydration, medications, and blood products when the length of therapy is expected to be less that one week. Pain and phlebitis are frequent complications of PVC. Diclofenac and EMLA have been used to minimize these adverse effects, however, conflicting results have been reported regarding which has better outcomes. This double-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted to compare the efficacy of EMLA and Diclofenac (TDP) in attenuating PVC pain and phlebitis. The inpatient setting was chosen because of the higher frequency of PVC insertions, allowing for a sufficient sample size. One hundred …

Self-Care Among Older Adults With Heart Failure, Sumayya Attaallah, Kay Klymko, Faith Pratt Hopp

Social Work Faculty Publications

Background: It is estimated that 5.7 million Americans are living with heart failure (HF) today. Despite the fact that HF is one of the most common reasons people aged 65 years and older are admitted into the hospital, few studies describe the self-care in this older adult population. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to review the current literature on self-care in this population to better understand the influence of selected factors on self-care and health outcomes. Methods: A literature search was completed and resulted in including 28 studies. Results: Multiple factors have been reported as barriers to self-care …

Using The Inverse Transform To Specify Contrasts In Regression And Latent Curve Structural Equation Models, Thomas N. Templin

Nursing Faculty Research Publications

A simple yet general method for specifying contrasts to test hypotheses in regression and latent curve structural equation models is presented. The traditional qualitative variable coding schemes used in multiple regression (e.g., dummy coding) have a more general formulation. Five matrices are involved: The coding scheme, A. The matrix which gives the distribution and ordering of cases, W; WA = X; X is the design matrix. The contrast coefficient matrix C; and C^-1 = A. In practice, only C, C^-1, and A are necessary because the statistical software generates the design matrix. This method has great generality …

Decreased Neuroinflammation And Increased Brain Energy Homeostasis Following Environmental Enrichment After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Is Associated With Improvement In Cognitive Function, Teresita L. Briones, Julie Woods, Magdalena Rogozinska

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Persistent neuroinflammation and disruptions in brain energy metabolism is commonly seen in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Because of the lack of success of most TBI interventions and the documented benefits of environmental enrichment (EE) in enhancing brain plasticity, here we focused our study on use of EE in regulating injury-induced neuroinflammation and disruptions in energy metabolism in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Adult male Wistar rats were used in the study and randomly assigned to receive either: mild TBI (mTBI) using the controlled cortical injury model or sham surgery. Following surgery, rats from each group were further randomized …

Nursing Science Research Consulting: A Multidisciplinary Framework, Thomas N. Templin

Nursing Faculty Research Publications

Nursing science research is at the intersection of the social and medical sciences and statistical developments in many different disciplines are relevant. A framework for nursing science statistics which recognizes and builds upon the statistical contributions from biostatistics, quantitative psychology, epidemiology, econometrics, survey research, computer science and statistics is presented. A broad eclectic framework is necessary to take advantage of new developments in statistical and research design methodology addressing specific problems common to a given area. This framework recognizes that awareness of differences in established expectations (conventions, guidelines, regulations, etc.) with regard to statistical methodology across different research areas is …

Feasibility And Impact Of Telemonitor-Based Depression Care Management For Geriatric Homecare Patients, Thomas Sheeran, Terry Rabinowitz, Jennifer Lotterman, Catherine F. Reilly, Suzanne Brown Rn, Patricia Donehower, Elizabeth Ellsworth, Judith L. Amour, Martha L. Bruce

Social Work Faculty Publications

Objective: The objective of this study was to test the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary clinical outcomes of a method to leverage existing home healthcare telemonitoring technology to deliver depression care management (DCM) to both Spanish- and English-speaking elderly homebound recipients of homecare services.

Materials and Methods: Three stand-alone, nonprofit community homecare agencies located in New York, Vermont, and Miami participated in this study. Evidence-based DCM was adapted to the telemonitor platform by programming questions and educational information on depression symptoms, antidepressant adherence, and side effects. Recruited patients participated for a minimum of 3 weeks. Telehealth nurses were trained on DCM …

Accf/Aha 2011 Expert Consensus Document On Hypertension In The Elderly: A Report Of The American College Of Cardiology Foundation Task Force On Clinical Expert Consensus Documents, Wilbert S. Aronow, Jerome J. Fleg, Carl J. Pepine, Nancy Trygar Artinian, George Bakris, Alan S. Brown, Keith C. Ferdinand, Mary Ann Forciea, William H. Frishman, Cheryl Jaigobin, John B. Kostis, Giuseppi Mancia, Suzanne Oparil, Eduardo Ortiz, Efrain Reisin, Michael W. Rich, Douglas D. Schocken, Michael A. Weber, Deborah J. Wesley

Nursing Faculty Research Publications

This document was written with the intent to be a complete reference at the time of publication on the topic of managing hypertension in the elderly. This document has been developed as an expert consensus document by the American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF) and the American Heart Association (AHA), in collaboration with the American Academy of Neurology (AAN), the American College of Physicians (ACP), the American Geriatrics Society (AGS), the American Society of Hypertension (ASH), the American Society of Nephrology (ASN), the American Society for Preventive Cardiology (ASPC), the Association of Black Cardiologists (ABC), and the European Society of …

Integrating An Internet-Mediated Walking Program Into Family Medicine Clinical Practice: A Pilot Feasibility Study, David E. Goodrich, Lorraine R. Buis, Adrienne W. Janney, Megan D. Ditty, Christine W. Krause, Kai Zheng, Ananda Sen, Victor J. Strecher, Michael L. Hess, John D. Piette, Caroline R. Richardson

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Regular participation in physical activity can prevent many chronic health conditions. Computerized self-management programs are effective clinical tools to support patient participation in physical activity. This pilot study sought to develop and evaluate an online interface for primary care providers to refer patients to an Internet-mediated walking program called Stepping Up to Health (SUH) and to monitor participant progress in the program.

Methods

In Phase I of the study, we recruited six pairs of physicians and medical assistants from two family practice clinics to assist with the design of a clinical interface. During Phase II, providers used the …

Providing Mobile Librarian Service To A College Of Nursing To Increase Interactions And Transactions: One Wayne State University, Science And Technology Librarian's Experience, Nancy A. Wilmes

Library Scholarly Publications

A mobile librarian service to the Wayne State University College of Nursing was developed to provide in-person reference and research support. This service has been successfully used for eight semesters by College of Nursing faculty, graduate students, and some undergraduates for support of research and course work. This article will address the details and provide a description of the service.

Interventions To Promote Physical Activity And Dietary Lifestyle Changes For Cardiovascular Risk Factor Reduction In Adults: A Scientific Statement From The American Heart Association, Nancy Trygar Artinian, Gerald F. Fletcher, Dariush Mozaffarian, Penny Kris-Etherton, Linda Van Horn, Alice H. Lichtenstiein, Shiriki Kumanyika, William E. Kraus, Jerome J. Fleg, Nancy S. Redeker, Janet C. Meininger, Joanne Banks, Eileen M. Stuart-Shor, Barbara J. Fletcher, Todd D. Miller, Suzanne Hughes, Lynn T. Braun, Laurie A. Kopin, Kathy Berra, Laura L. Hayman, Linda J. Ewing, Philip A. Ades, J. Larry Durstine, Nancy Houston-Miller, Lora E. Burke, American Heart Association Prevention Committee Of The Council On Cardiovascular Nursing

Nursing Faculty Research Publications

Even modest sustained lifestyle changes can substantially reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Because many of the beneficial effects of lifestyle changes accrue over time, long-term adherence maximizes individual and population benefits. Interventions targeting dietary patterns, weight reduction, and new PA habits often result in impressive rates of initial behavior changes, but frequently are not translated into long-term behavioral maintenance. Both adoption and maintenance of new cardiovascular risk-reducing behaviors pose challenges for many individuals. According to the National Center for Health Statistics, life expectancy could increase by almost 7 years if all forms of major CVD were eliminated.5 Improvements …

Mobile Librarian Service To The Wayne State University College Of Nursing, Nancy A. Wilmes

Library Scholarly Publications

In recent years, College of Nursing faculty and students have visited the Science and Engineering Library (which houses the Nursing Collection) less frequently to obtain reference assistance and research support. Nursing faculty and students are using online resources for their research, but these patrons still need to be able to ask questions and obtain clarification about: database search strategies, electronic journal access and full-text document delivery. To address these important resource and service issues, the Nursing Librarian Liaison has been offering reference service and research support in person, on-site in the Wayne State University College of Nursing office building. This …

Evaluating Active U: An Internet-Mediated Physical Activity Program, Lorraine R. Buis, Timothy A. Poulton, Robert G. Holleman, Ananda Sen, Paul J. Resnick, David E. Goodrich, Lavaughn Palma-Davis, Caroline R. Richardson

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Engaging in regular physical activity can be challenging, particularly during the winter months. To promote physical activity at the University of Michigan during the winter months, an eight-week Internet-mediated program (Active U) was developed providing participants with an online physical activity log, goal setting, motivational emails, and optional team participation and competition.

Methods

This study is a program evaluation of Active U. Approximately 47,000 faculty, staff, and graduate students were invited to participate in the online Active U intervention in the winter of 2007. Participants were assigned a physical activity goal and were asked to record each physical …

Barriers Encountered During Enrollment In An Internet-Mediated Randomized Controlled Trial, Lorraine R. Buis, Adrienne W. Janney, Michael L. Hess, Silas A. Culver, Caroline R. Richardson

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Online technology is a promising resource for conducting clinical research. While the internet may improve a study's reach, as well as the efficiency of data collection, it may also introduce a number of challenges for participants and investigators. The objective of this research was to determine the challenges that potential participants faced during the enrollment phase of a randomized controlled intervention trial of Stepping Up to Health, an internet-mediated walking program that utilized a multi-step online enrollment process.

Methods

We conducted a quantitative content analysis of 623 help tickets logged in a participant management database during the enrollment …

The Relationships Between Depression And Other Outcomes Of Chronic Illness Caregiving, Pao-Feng Tsai, Mary M. Jirovec

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Many caregivers with chronically ill relatives suffer from depression. However, the relationship of depression to other outcomes of chronic caregiving remains unclear. This study tested a hypothesized model which proposed that hours of care, stressful life events, social support, age and gender would predict caregivers' outcomes through perceived caregiver stress. Depression was expected to mediate the relationship between perceived stress and outcomes of chronic caregiving (physical function, self-esteem, and marital satisfaction).

Methods

The sample for this secondary data analysis consisted of 236 and 271 subjects from the Americans' Changing Lives, Wave 1, 1986, and Wave 2, 1989, data …

Comparison Of Medical Subject Headings And Text-Word Searches In Medline To Retrieve Studies On Sleep In Healthy Individuals, Elizabeth Sergeevna Jenuwine, Judith A. Floyd

Nursing Faculty Research Publications

Objective: The objective was to investigate the performance of two search strategies in the retrieval of primary research papers containing descriptive information on the sleep of healthy people from MEDLINE.

Methodology: Two search strategies - one based on the use of only Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), the second based on text-word searching - were evaluated as to their specificity and sensitivity in retrieving a set of relevant research papers published in the journal Sleep from 1996 to 2001 that were preselected by a hand search.

Results: The subject search provided higher specificity than the text- word search …

Functional Health Literacy In An Urban Primary Care Clinic, Nancy Trygar Artinian, M. Patricia Lange, Thomas Templin, Lynda G Stallwood, Christopher E. Hermann

Nursing Faculty Research Publications

The purpose of this study was to determine the level of functional health literacy in a sample of patients treated in 1of our 5 primary care clinics. A total of 92 randomly selected adults (mean age = 59 years) completed the TOFHLA while waiting for a scheduled appointment. Twenty eight percent of the sample had less than adequate levels of functional health literacy. Income, car ownership and education were significant and independent predictors of literacy level in this sample. Low levels of functional health literacy limit a patient's ability to read, understand and act on health information. It is essential …

The Use Of Metaphor Graphics To Depict Sleep Research Results, Judith A. Floyd

Nursing Faculty Research Publications

Many nurses are not familiar with the highly technical language of research and the types of graphics that researchers use to communicate findings, creating a major barrier to research utilization in nursing. In an effort to find alternative approaches to displaying research results, W.G. Cole introduced "metaphor graphics" a decade ago as a way of graphically representing knowledge. He proposed that data be summarized using visual metaphors - i.e., abstract signs and symbols - to show patterns and convey meaning. Viewing human beings as imperfect processors of information who tend to reason using pattern recognition and mental models, Cole hypothesized …

When Are Research Findings Ready For Use?, Judith A. Floyd

Nursing Faculty Research Publications

No abstract provided.

Knowledge Synthesis - What Is It?, Judith A. Floyd

Nursing Faculty Research Publications

No abstract provided.

Environments For Enhancing Nursing Research, Elizabeth L. Kent, Judith A. Floyd

Nursing Faculty Research Publications

The following was excerpted by Dr. Floyd from a presentation made by Dr. Kent at the 1983 MNA convention. The program theme of that convention, "Setting the Scene for Nursing," focused on optimizing the environments in which nursing is practiced. Re-exposure to Dr. Kent's ideas seems timely.

Impaired Nursing Practice: Michigan's Response, Judith A. Floyd

Nursing Faculty Research Publications

In recent years organized nursing has begun to address health problems that compromise the nurse's ability to function within the standards and code of conduct for professional practice. In 1982, the Michigan Nurses' Association adopted a resolution which called for action in addressing the problem of impaired nursing practice in Michigan. At the 1984 MNA Convention, the House of Delegates reaffirmed MNA's support of a comprehensive approach to the problem of impaired practice including (a) education of Michigan nurses about the problem, (b) research to establish a database on the size and nature of the problem, and (c) strategies for …