Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Repeated Exposure To Chlorpyrifos Is Associated With A Dose-Dependent Chronic Neurobehavioral Deficit In Adult Rats, Ana C. R. Ribeiro, Elisa Hawkins, Fay M. Jahr, Joseph L. Mcclay, Laxmikant Deshpande

Neurology Publications

Organophosphate (OP) chemicals include commonly used pesticides and chemical warfare agents, and mechanistically they are potent inhibitors of the cholinesterase (ChE) enzyme. Epidemiological studies report long-term neuropsychiatric issues, including depression and cognitive impairments in OP-exposed individuals. Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is one of the most widely used pesticides worldwide. Multiple laboratory studies have reported on either the long-term behavioral effect of an acute high-dose CPF (30-250 mg/kg) or studied sub-chronic behavioral effects, particularly the motor and cognitive effects of repeated low-dose CPF. However, studies are lacking on chronic mood and depression-related morbidities following repeated CPF doses that would mimic occupationally relevant OP …

Epigenetic Histone Acetylation And Bdnf Dysregulation In The Hippocampus Of Rats Exposed To Repeated, Low-Dose Diisopropylfluorophosphate, Laxmikant Deshpande

Neurology Publications

Aims: Deployment-related exposures to organophosphate (OP) compounds are implicated for Gulf War Illness (GWI) development in First GW veterans. However, reasons for the persistence of GWI are not fully understood. Epigenetic modifications to chromatin are regulatory mechanisms that can adaptively or maladaptively respond to external stimuli. These include DNA methylation and histone acetylation. DNA methylation changes have been reported in GWI but the role of histone acetylation in GWI has been less explored, despite its importance as an epigenetic mechanism for neurological disorders.

Main methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to OP diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP, 0.5 mg/kg s.c., 5-d) and …

Repeated Low-Dose Organophosphate Dfp Exposure Leads To The Development Of Depression And Cognitive Impairment In A Rat Model Of Gulf War Illness, Laxmikant Deshpande, Kristin Phillips

Neurology Publications

Approximately 175,000 to 250,000 of the returning veterans from the 1991 Persian Gulf War exhibit chronic multi-symptom illnesses that includes neurologic co-morbidities such as depression, anxiety and cognitive impairments. Amongst a host of causative factors, exposure to low levels of the nerve agent Sarin has been strongly implicated for expression of Gulf War Illness (GWI). Nerve agents similar to pesticides are organophosphate (OP) compounds. There is evidence from civilian population that exposure to OPs such as in agricultural workers and nerve agents such as the survivors and first-responders of the Tokyo subway Sarin gas attack suffer from chronic neurological problems …