Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Plantar Cutaneous Sensory Stimulation Improves Single-Limb Support Time, And Emg Activation Patterns Among Individuals With Parkinson's Disease, M. Jenkins, Q. Almeida, S. Spaulding, R. Van Oostveen, J. Holmes, Andrew Johnson, S. Perry

Andrew M. Johnson

Parkinson's disease is a chronic neurological disorder that results in gait and posture impairment. There is increasing evidence that these motor impairments may be partially due to deficits within the sensory system. In this study, the effects of a facilitatory insole that provides increased plantar sensory stimulation, was evaluated during gait, in a group of individuals with Parkinson's disease in comparison with healthy age-matched controls. Spatial-temporal parameters of gait were evaluated using an instrumented carpet, and muscle activation patterns were evaluated using surface EMG. All participants were tested with both a facilitatory (ribbed) insole and a conventional (flat) insole while …

Effect Of Interval To Definitive Breast Surgery On Clinical Presentation And Survival In Early-Stage Invasive Breast Cancer, Olga Vujovic, Edward Yu, Anil Cherian, Francisco Perera, A. Dar, Larry Stitt, A. Hammond

Edward Yu

Purpose: To examine the effect of clinical presentation and interval to breast surgery on local recurrence and survival in early-stage breast cancer. Methods and materials: The data from 397 patients with Stage T1-T2N0 breast carcinoma treated with conservative surgery and breast radiotherapy between 1985 and 1992 were reviewed at the London Regional Cancer Program. The clinical presentation consisted of a mammogram finding or a palpable lump. The intervals from clinical presentation to definitive breast surgery used for analysis were 0-4, >4-12, and >12 weeks. The Kaplan-Meier estimates of the time to local recurrence, disease-free survival, and cause-specific survival were determined …

Role Of Non-Group A Streptococci In Acute Pharyngitis, Jeffrey Tiemstra, R L. Miranda

Jeffrey Tiemstra, MD, FAAFP

Accelerated Fractionation In Inoperable Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. A Phase I/Ii Study, Edward Yu, Luis Souhami, Julio Guerra, Brenda Clark, Carole Gingras, Palma Fava

Edward Yu

Background: A prospective, single-treatment-arm, Phase I/II trial was performed to determine the tumor response to an accelerated regimen and assess the feasibility and toxic effects of this approach in patients with inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Thirty-seven previously untreated patients with inoperable NSCLC who had no evidence of metastatic disease entered the study. All patients were able to walk and had disease that was measurable or assessable. Patients with palpable supraclavicular disease and weight loss were also eligible. Radiation therapy consisted of an altered fractionation regimen with a concomitant boost technique. The original lung volume received a dose …

Decarboxylation Of L-Dopa And 5-Hydroxytryptophan In Dispersed Rat Pancreas Acinar Cells, E. Yu, L. Stern, A. Tenenhouse

Edward Yu

Amino acid decarboxylation activity in dispersed rat pancreas acinar cells and fractions derived by differential centrifugation of homogenate of these cells was studied. The rate of decarboxylation was measured by determining the rate of production of the [3H]-amine from [3H]-amino acid or the rate of production of 14CO2 from the [14C]-carboxy-labelled amino acid. Only the hydroxylated amino acids L-dopa and 5-hydroxytryptophan are decarboxylated by intact dispersed pancreas acinar cells or cell homogenates at all pH values and amino acid concentrations tested. The decarboxylase activity is located exclusively in the cell cytosol. Each substrate competitively inhibits the decarboxylation of the other …

What Factors Predict Outcome At Relapse After Previous Esophagectomy And Adjuvant Therapy In High-Risk Esophageal Cancer?, Edward Yu, Patricia Tai, Richard Malthaner, Larry Stitt, George Rodrigues, Rashid Dar, Brian Yaremko, Jawaid Younus, Michael Sanatani, Mark Vincent, Brian Dingle, Dalilah Fortin, Richard Inculet

Edward Yu

Management of patients who have disease relapse after completion of surgery and adjuvant chemo-radiation (CRT) is controversial. Some oncologists would advocate intensive therapeutic intervention due to promising experience on treatment for recurrence disease while others would recommend palliative support due to the concerns for poor patient outcome post disease recurrence. In Addition, it is not clear if patient outcome is improved post adjuvant CRT when patients at risk have resection margin involvement and if time interval to recurrence can affect patient survival post relapse. The present study was conducted to determine what factors will affect patient outcome at relapse after …

Pillows For Pain, Michael Lock

Michael Lock

No abstract provided.

Factors Impacting On The Lives Of Terminally Ill Older People, And Requests For Euthanasia, Phd Thesis, University Of Queensland, Colleen Cartwright

Professor Colleen M Cartwright

No abstract provided.

The Management Of Thymoma: A Systematic Review And Practice Guideline, Conrad Falkson, Andrea Bezjak, Gail Darling, Richard Gregg, Richard Malthaner, Donna Maziak, Edward Yu, Christopher Smith, Sheila Mcnair, Yee Ung, William Evans

Edward Yu

INTRODUCTION: Thymoma is a rare tumor for which there is little randomized evidence to guide treatment. Because of the lack of high-quality evidence, a formal consensus-based approach was used to develop recommendations on treatment. METHODS: A systematic refview of the literature was performed. Recommendations were formed from available evidence and developed through a two-round modified Delphi consensus approach. RESULTS: The treatment recommendations are summarized as follows: Stage I--complete resection of the entire thymus without neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy. Stage II--complete resection of the entire thymus with consideration of adjuvant radiation for high-risk tumors. Stage IIIA--surgery either initially or after neoadjuvant …

Risk Factors For Persistent Problems Following Whiplash Injury: Results Of A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, David Walton

David Walton

No abstract provided.

Role Of Transglutaminase 2 In Liver Injury Via Cross-Linking And Silencing Of Transcription Factor Sp1., Hideki Tatsukawa, Yayoi Fukaya, Gordon Frampton, Antonio Martinez-Fuentes, Kenji Suzuki, Ting-Fang Kuo, Keisuke Nagatsuma, Kentaro Shimokado, Masataka Okuno, Jian Wu, Siiri Iismaa, Tomokazu Matsuura, Hidekazu Tsukamoto, Mark A Zern, Robert M Graham, Soichi Kojima

jian duan wu

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Despite high morbidity and mortality of alcoholic liver disease worldwide, the molecular mechanisms underlying alcohol-induced liver cell death are not fully understood. Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a cross-linking enzyme implicated in apoptosis. TG2 levels and activity are increased in association with various types of liver injury. However, how TG2 induces hepatic apoptosis is not known. METHODS: Human hepatic cells or primary hepatocytes from rats or TG2+/+ and TG2-/- mice were treated with ethanol. Mice were administered anti-Fas antibody or alcohol. Liver sections were prepared from patients with alcoholic steatohepatitis. Changes in TG2 levels, Sp1 cross-linking and its …

The 50-G Glucose Challenge Test And Pregnancy Outcome In A Multiethnic Asian Population At High Risk For Gestational Diabetes, Siti Zawiah Omar

Siti Zawiah Omar

Objective: To evaluate the 50-g glucose challenge test (GCT) on pregnancy outcome in a multiethnic Asian population at high risk for gestational diabetes (GDM). Methods: GCT was positive if the 1-hour plasma glucose level was >= 7.2 mmol/L. GDM was diagonsed by a 75-g glucose tolerance test using WHO (1999) criteria. Of the 1368 women enrolled in the study, 892 were GCT negative, 308 were GCT false-positive status was associated with preterm birth (adjusted odds ration [AOR] 2.1; 95% CI, 3.3-7.5), cesarean delivery (AOR 2.5; 95% CI, 1.6-3.2), postpartum hemorrhage (AOR 2.1; 95% CI, 1.2-3.7), and neonatal macrosomia (AOR 2.5; …

The Number Of Axillary Nodes Removed As A Predictor Of Regional Recurrence In Node Negative Breast Cancer, Olga Vujovic, Edward Yu, Anil Cherian, A. Dar, Larry Stitt, Francisco Perera

Edward Yu

Purpose: To determine if the number of axillary nodes removed is a predictor of recurrence in node negative breast cancer. Materials and methods: Five hundred thirty-six patients with T1-T2, N0 invasive breast cancer, treated with lumpectomy and axillary node dissection (AND), were reviewed from January 1, 1986 to December 31, 1992. Patients received radiation to whole breast only, without regional nodal radiation. There was no adjuvant chemotherapy or Tamoxifen given. Patients were grouped according to the number of axillary nodes dissected as follows: 1-5 nodes (91 patients), 6-10 nodes (225 patients) and > 10 nodes (220 patients). Hazard ratios and p-values …

Dual Task Performance In A Healthy Young Adult Population: Results From A Symmetric Manipulation Of Task Complexity And Articulation, Albert Armieri, Jeffrey Holmes, Sandi Spaulding, Mary Jenkins, Andrew Johnson

Andrew M. Johnson

The ability to execute and maintain gait while performing simultaneous cognitive, verbal, or motor tasks ('dual-tasking') is beneficial in many ways. It is well-documented, however, that dual-tasking can result in cognitive or motoric interference that results in diminished gait performance, and impaired secondary task performance. When manipulating cognitive load, it is common to have participants respond verbally to stimuli. While this is an ecologically valid way to measure the effects of cognitive load on gait, it ignores the additional demands inherent in the verbal aspect of the task. In the present study, we manipulated complexity and articulation within a single …

The Use Of Ct Density Changes At Internal Tissue Interfaces To Correlate Internal Organ Motion With An External Surrogate, Stewart Gaede, Gregory Carnes, Edward Yu, Jake Van Dyk, Jerry Battista, Ting-Yim Lee

Edward Yu

The purpose of this paper is to describe a non-invasive method to monitor the motion of internal organs affected by respiration without using external markers or spirometry, to test the correlation with external markers, and to calculate any time shift between the datasets. Ten lung cancer patients were CT scanned with a GE LightSpeed Plus 4-Slice CT scanner operating in a ciné mode. We retrospectively reconstructed the raw CT data to obtain consecutive 0.5 s reconstructions at 0.1 s intervals to increase image sampling. We defined regions of interest containing tissue interfaces, including tumour/lung interfaces that move due to breathing …

A Dissociation Between Perception And Action In The Material‐Weight Illusion, Gavin Buckingham, Jonathan Cant, Kai-Ling Kao, Melvyn Goodale

Gavin Buckingham

We examined what forces are applied to objects that elicit this illusion when they are lifted.We predicted that:

(1) Forces on early trials will scale to each participant’s expectations of how much a particular block will weigh ‐ excessive force will be applied to the metal block and insufficient force applied to the polystyrene block.

(2) Forces on later trials will scale to the real weight of each block ‐ identical levels of force applied to all the blocks.

(3) MWI will persist throughout ‐ polystyrene block will feel the heaviest, metal block will feel the lightest.

The 4th Annual Ontario Thoracic Cancer Conference At Niagara-On-The-Lake, Y. Ung, E. Yu, R. Malthaner, R. Burkes, P. Ellis, G. Goss, H. Solow, S. Irvine, S. Laffan

Edward Yu

The 4th annual Ontario Thoracic Cancer Conference at Niagara-on-the-lake focused on the themes of innova- tions in the management of lung cancer, controversies in the management of esophageal cancer, and molecu- lar targeted therapies in lung cancer. This conference summary highlights the presentations and provides clinicians with a referenced update on these topics.

A Placebo-Controlled Trial Of Oral Pyridoxine In Hyperemesis Gravidarum, Siti Zawiah Omar

Siti Zawiah Omar

Objective: To evaluate oral pyridoxine in conjunction with standard therapy in women hospitalized for hyperemesis gravidarum (HG). Methods: Patients with HG were randomized at hospitalization to 20 mg oral pyridoxine thrice daily or to placebo. Intravenous rehydration, metoclopramide and oral thiamine were also administered. Metoclopramide and thiamine were continued for 2 weeks after discharge. Rehospitalization for HG in the 2-week study period was ascertained, vomiting was recorded by diary, and nausea was evaluated with a 10-point visual analogue scale (VAS) at enrolment, after hospital discharge and on week 1 and 2 reviews. Results: Ninety-two women were included in the analysis. …

Cardiac Tumours, Patricia Tai, Edward Yu

Edward Yu

Primary cardiac neoplasms are rare and they are not covered comprehensively in the literature, including textbooks. A Medline search from January 2007 to July 2008 was performed to update the existing literature. Cardiac tumour manifestation may mimic other conditions. It may lead to fatal complications like sudden death, and because the tumour can act as a nidus for the formation of fibrin-platelet aggregates, embolic events occur. Its rarity means that an average physician would have minimal experience with its management. This review will serve as a useful reference.

Oncogenesis And Cancer Stem Cells: Current Opinions And Future Directions., Xiaoyu Cheng, Helen O'Neill

Helen O'Neill

There is increasing evidence to show that only a subset of cancer cells drives the growth and progression of a tumour. These cells share similar properties with normal stem cells and are termed 'cancer stem cells'. Cancer stem cells have been identified in acute myeloid leukaemia and in some solid tumours by their distinct expression of cell surface antigens. Their long-term, self-renewing capacity is thought to be a determining factor in the maintenance and regrowth of the tumour. Studies on haematopoietic cancers show that important signalling pathways and genes for normal haematopoiesis, such as Wnt, NF-kappaB, Notch, hedgehog (Hh) and …

Post-Operative Extended Volume External Beam Radiation Therapy In High Risk Esophageal Cancer Patients: A Prospective Experience, E. Yu, P. Tai, J. Younus, R. Malthaner, P. Truong, L. Stitt, G. Rodrigues, R. Ash, R. Dar, B. Yaremko, A. Tomiak, B. Dingle, M. Sanatani, M. Vincent, W. Kocha, D. Fortin, R. Inculet

Edward Yu

Background and purpose: Extended volume external beam radiation therapy (RT) following esophagectomy is controversial. This prospective study evaluates the feasibility of extended volume RT treatment in high-risk esophagectomy patients with cervical anastomosis receiving post–operative combined chemo-radiation therapy. Patients and methods: From 2001-2006, 15 patients with resected esophageal cancer were prospectively accrued to this pilot study, to evaluate the adverse effects of extended volume RT. Eligibility criteria were pathologically proven esophageal malignancy, T3-4, N0-1, disease amenable to surgical resection and esophagectomy with or without resection margin involvement. Patients with distant metastases (M1) and patients treated with previous RT were excluded. All …

Grasping And Lifting Different Materials, Gavin Buckingham, Jonathan Cant, Melvyn Goodale

Gavin Buckingham

The material from which an object is made can determine how heavy it feels (Seashore, 1899). Interestingly, a metal block that has been adjusted to have the same size and mass as a polystyrene block will feel lighter than the polystyrene block. We recently showed that participants experiencing this material-weight illusion’ (MWI) do not apply forces that match their perceptual experience of heaviness ‐ just like in the size‐weight illusion ( Flanagan & Beltzner, 2000).

Our previous study showed that forces on early trials were scaled to each participant’s expectations of how much a particular block should weigh ‐ excessive …