Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Whole Egg Consumption Impairs Insulin Sensitivity In Rat Model Of Obesity And Type 2 Diabetes, Cassondra J. Saande, Megan A. Steffes, Joseph L. Webb, Rudy J. Valentine, Matthew J. Rowling, Kevin Schalinske

Rudy Valentine

Background: The literature regarding the relation between egg consumption and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is inconsistent and there is limited evidence pertaining to the impact of egg consumption on measures of insulin sensitivity. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary whole egg on metabolic biomarkers of insulin resistance in T2D rats. Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/cdn/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/cdn/nzz015/5374517 by Iowa State University user on 28 March 2019 Methods: Male Zucker diabetic fatty rats (n=12; 6 wk of age) and their lean controls (n=12; 6 wk of age) were randomly assigned to a casein- or whole egg-based diet. At …

The Lifestyle Initiative: An Innovative Coaching-Based Quality Improvement Study To Improve The Health Of Aurora Health Care Caregivers And Family Members, Tiffany A. Mullen, Jessica J.F. Kram, Dennis J. Baumgardner

Dennis J. Baumgardner, MD

Background: Self-management support has been shown to improve clinical outcomes. Health coaching, one form of self-management support, empowers patients within the health care system by providing information and through collaboratively developed care plans.

Purpose: Assess the impact of The Lifestyle Initiative, a coaching-based health program utilized by Aurora Health Care caregivers or family members.

Methods: The Lifestyle Initiative is a coaching-based approach for Aurora caregivers or family members enrolled in Aurora’s health insurance network. Individuals were recruited from the care management database, and all participants had an Aurora primary care provider. Participation was limited to those ≥ 18 years of …

Decade-Long Trends (1999-2009) In The Characteristics, Management, And Hospital Outcomes Of Patients Hospitalized With Acute Myocardial Infarction With Prior Diabetes And Chronic Kidney Disease, Mayra Tisminetzky, David D. Mcmanus, Alon Dor, Ruben Miozzo, Jorge L. Yarzebski, Joel M. Gore, Robert J. Goldberg

Jorge L. Yarzebski

BACKGROUND: Despite the increasing magnitude and impact, there are limited data available on the clinical management and in-hospital outcomes of patients who have diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) at the time of hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The objectives of our population-based observational study in residents of central Massachusetts were to describe decade-long trends (1999-2009) in the characteristics, in-hospital management, and hospital outcomes of AMI patients with and without these comorbidities.

METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of 6,018 persons who were hospitalized for AMI on a biennial basis between 1999 and 2009 at all eleven …

Impact Of The Heart Watch Program On Patients At Risk Of Developing Metabolic Syndrome, Prediabetes Or Cardiovascular Disease, Jennifer T. Fink, Kathryn K. Havens, Julia A. Schumacher, Renee E. Walker, George L. Morris Iii, David A. Nelson, Maharaj Singh, Ron A. Cisler

Maharaj Singh

Purpose

Metabolic syndrome is a set of metabolic risk factors associated with increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. We retrospectively evaluated the effectiveness of a lifestyle modification program (Heart WATCH) geared toward reducing development of chronic disease in women deemed at risk for metabolic syndrome, prediabetes and/or cardiovascular disease.

Methods

Our institution’s Heart WATCH program consists of screening sessions with a multidisciplinary team (physician/nurse, nutritionist and psychologist), a minimum of three visits with a nurse practitioner and weekly follow-up phone calls for a 14-week period. Sociodemographic variables were obtained at initial visit. Biometric testing indices …

Disease-Management In Family Medicine Clinics Through The Addition Of A Health Coach: A Pilot Study, Crystal Y. Cichon, Jessica J.F. Kram, Tiffany A. Mullen, Pamela Voelkers, Kristin J. Magliocco, Kiley A. Bernhard, Dennis J. Baumgardner

Dennis J. Baumgardner, MD

Background: In the United States, more than 80% of health care spending is focused on the management of chronic illnesses such as hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia. Controlling these chronic diseases can lead to better health outcomes and decrease the number of preventable deaths. Patient self-management has shown to improve clinical outcomes. In a primary care setting, a multidisciplinary approach can more effectively educate patients on improving their health. Purpose: To assess the impact of a health coach in a primary care setting as it relates to clinical outcomes. Methods: Patients from two Aurora family medicine clinics were referred to a …

Nonenzymatic Glycosylation Of Erythrocyte Membrane Proteins. Relevance To Diabetes, J A. Miller, Ellen M. Gravallese, H F. Bunn

Ellen M. Gravallese

Nonenzymatic glycosylation of proteins of the erythrocyte membrane was determined by incubating erythrocyte ghosts with [3H]borohydride. The incorporation of tritium into protein provides a reliable assay of ketoamine linkages. The membrane proteins from 18 patients with diabetes incorporated twice as much radioactivity as membrane proteins from normal erythrocytes. After acid hydrolysis, amino acid analysis showed that the majority of radioactivity was localized to glucosyllysine. Autoradiograms showed that all of the major proteins of the erythrocyte membrane, separated by electrophoresis on sodium dodecyl sulfate gels, contained ketoamine linkages. No protein bands in either normal or diabetic erythrocytes showed significant preferential labeling. …

Television Watching, Diet Quality, And Physical Activity And Diabetes Among Three Ethnicities In The United States, Fatma G. Huffman, Joan A. Vaccaro, Joel C. Exebio, Gustavo C. Zarini, Timothy Katz, Zisca Dixon

Joan A. Vaccaro

Diabetes is a world-wide epidemic associated with multiple environmental factors. Prolonged television viewing (TV) time has been related to increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in several studies. TV viewing has been positively associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors, lower energy expenditure, over-eating high-calorie and high-fat foods. The objective of this study was to assess the associations of hours of TV viewing with dietary quality, obesity and physical activity for three ethnic minorities with and without type 2 diabetes. Diet quality and physical activity were inversely related to prolonged TV viewing. African Americans and participants with type 2 …

Monounsaturated Fatty Acid, Carbohydrate Intake, And Diabetes Status Are Associated With Arterial Pulse Pressure, Joan Vaccaro, Fatma G. Huffman

Joan A. Vaccaro

Background

Diabetes is a global epidemic. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most prevalent consequences of diabetes. Nutrition is considered a modifiable risk factor for CVD, particularly for individuals with diabetes; albeit, there is little consensus on the role of carbohydrates, proteins and fats for arterial health for persons with or without diabetes. In this study, we examined the association of macronutrients with arterial pulse pressure (APP), a surrogate measure of arterial health by diabetes status and race.

Methods

Participants were 892 Mexican Americans (MA), 1059 Black, non-Hispanics (BNH) and 2473 White, non-Hispanics (WNH) with and without diabetes of …

Healthy Eating Index And Alternate Healthy Eating Index Among Haitian Americans And African Americans With And Without Type 2 Diabetes, Fatma G. Huffman, Mauricio De La Cera, Joan A. Vaccaro, Gustavo C. Zarini, Joel C. Exebio, Deva Gundupalli, Lamya Shaban

Joan A. Vaccaro

Ethnicities within Black populations have not been distinguished in most nutrition studies. We sought to examine dietary differences between African Americans (AA) and Haitian Americans (HA) with and without type 2 diabetes using the Healthy Eating Index, 2005 (HEI-05), and the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI). The design was cross-sectional (225 AA, 246 HA) and recruitment was by community outreach. The eating indices were calculated from data collected with the Harvard food-frequency questionnaire. African Americans had lower HEI-05 scores (−8.67, 13.1); , than HA. Haitian American females and AA males had higher AHEI than AA females and HA males, respectively, …

Does Insulin Secretion In Patients With One Abnormal Glucose Tolerance Test Value Mimic Gestational Diabetes Mellitus?, Tolga Ergin, Arda Lembet, E. Duran, Esra Kuscu, Tayfun Bagis, Esra Saygili, Sertac Batioglu

Eyup Hakan Duran

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the insulin response to a 3-hour oral glucose tolerance test and to compare the insulin levels in the gestational diabetes mellitus and single abnormal test value groups with a nondiabetic control group. STUDY DESIGN: One hundred ten Turkish women with uncomplicated pregnancy participated in this prospective controlled study between 24 to 28 weeks of gestation. A 100-g 3-hour oral glucose tolerance test was given, and glucose and insulin plasma levels were assayed. The subjects were classified according to established criteria. Early-phase insulin secretion was assessed by the insulinogenic index. Total insulin …

Candida Albicans Chorioamnionitis Associated With Preterm Labor And Sudden Intrauterine Demise Of One Twin. A Case Report, U. Friebe-Hoffmann, David Bender, C. Sims, P. Rauk

David P Bender

BACKGROUND: Although cervicovaginal Candida infections occur in 20-25% of pregnancies, the incidence of ascending infection in these cases is only 0.8%, and such infection rarely causes chorioamnionitis. CASE: Sudden intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD) of twin A occurred in a diabetic primigravida presenting with a twin pregnancy and preterm labor at 33 weeks of gestation. Placental pathology and autopsy of the stillborn twin revealed extensive chorioamnionitis and fetal sepsis in the presence of Candida albicans. Twin B was unaffected. CONCLUSION: In this case, C albicans chorioamnionitis seemed to be associated with sudden IUFD.

Strength Training Improves Muscle Quality And Insulin Sensitivity In Hispanic Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes, Naomi Brooks, Jennifer E. Layne, Patricia L. Gordon, Ronenn Roubenoff, Miriam E. Nelson, Carmen Castaneda-Sceppa

Carmen Castaneda-Sceppa

Hispanics are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality due to their high prevalence of diabetes and poor glycemic control. Strength training is the most effective lifestyle intervention to increase muscle mass but limited data is available in older adults with diabetes. We determined the influence of strength training on muscle quality (strength per unit of muscle mass), skeletal muscle fiber hypertrophy, and metabolic control including insulin resistance (Homeostasis Model Assessment –HOMA-IR), C-Reactive Protein (CRP), adiponectin and Free Fatty Acid (FFA) levels in Hispanic older adults. Sixty-two community-dwelling Hispanics (>55 y) with type 2 diabetes were randomized to 16 …

Using Multiple Sources Of Data To Assess The Prevalence Of Diabetes At The Subcounty Level, Duval County, Florida, 2007, William C. Livingood, Luminita Razaila, Elena Reuter, Rebecca Filipowicz, Ryan C. Butterfield, Katryne Lukens-Bull, Linda Edwards, Carlos Palacio, David L. Wood

David L. Wood

Alcohol Consumption And Risk Of Coronary Heart Disease By Diabetes Status, Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

Background—An inverse association between moderate alcohol consumption and coronary heart disease (CHD) has been observed in several epidemiological studies. To assess whether a similar association exists among diabetics, we examined the relation between light to moderate alcohol consumption and CHD in men with and without diabetes mellitus in a prospective cohort study. Methods and Results—A total of 87 938 US physicians (2790 with diagnosed diabetes mellitus) who were invited to participate in the Physicians’ Health Study and were free of myocardial infarction, stroke, cancer, or liver disease at baseline were followed for an average of 5.5 years for death with …