Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Neural Association Between Arithmetic And Basic Numerical Processing Depends On Arithmetic Problem Size And Not Chronological Age, Anna A. Matejko, Daniel Ansari

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

© 2019 The Authors The intraparietal sulcus (IPS) is thought to be an important region for basic number processing (e.g. symbol-quantity associations) and arithmetic (e.g. addition). Evidence for shared circuitry within the IPS is largely based on comparisons across studies, and little research has investigated number processing and arithmetic in the same individuals. It is also unclear how the neural overlap between number processing and arithmetic is influenced by age and arithmetic problem difficulty. This study investigated these unresolved questions by examining basic number processing (symbol-quantity matching) and arithmetic (addition) networks in 26 adults and 42 children. Number processing and …

The Effect Of Antihypertensive Dosing On Hypertension In Children With Chronic Kidney Disease, Benjamin A. Matta, Uri S. Alon, Tarak Srivastava, Bradley A. Warady, Darcy Weidemann

Posters

This study's objective was to determine the effect of antihypertensive dose on hypertension status in children with chronic kidney disease. This was the first quantitative analysis of antihypertensive dose expressed as a newly developed measure, cDDI, and is relationship with hypertension status in children with CKD.

Neuroblastoma In Adolescents And Children Older Than 10 Years: Unusual Clinicopathologic And Biologic Features, Laura Mccarthy, Katherine Chastain, Terrie Flatt, Eugenio Taboada, Robert E. Garola, John Herriges, Linda D. Cooley, Atif Ahmed

Posters

This poster describes four cases of neuroblastoma diagnosed since 2008 in children greater than 10 years and presents their clinical, histologic and biologic features, emphasizing unusual clinicopathologic characteristics and the role of DNA microarray analysis and Next Generation Sequencing in their management.

Pubertal Lipid Levels Are Significantly Lower In Youth With Type 1 Diabetes Who Experienced Partial Clinical Remission, Benjamin U. Nwosu, Shwetha Rupendu, Emily Zitek-Morrison, Deepa Patel, Tony R. Villalobos-Ortiz, Gabrielle Jasmin, Bruce A. Barton

Benjamin U. Nwosu

Importance: The physiologic changes in lipids during puberty in type 1 diabetes (T1D) is unclear as subjects in previous studies were not stratified by partial clinical remission (PCR) status.

Aim: To determine the effect of PCR on lipid changes during puberty in youth with T1D.

Subjects and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study of 194 subjects consisting of 71 controls of age 12.9±1.3y and 123 subjects with T1D stratified into remitters (n=44, age 13.0±0.8y) and non-remitters (n=79, age 11.2±0.6y). PCR was defined as insulin-dose adjusted HbA1c of ≤9. Pubertal status was determined by Tanner staging.

Results: Among the pubertal cohort, low-density …

Risk Factors For Bacteremia In Children With Febrile Neutropenia, Soner Sertan Kara, Hasan Tezer, Meltem Polat, Burcu Ceylan Cura Yayla, Tuğba Bedi̇r Demi̇rdağ, Arzu Okur, Ali̇ Fettah, Sali̇ha Kanik Yüksek, Anil Tapisiz, Zuhre Kaya, Namik Özbek, İdi̇l Yeni̇cesu, Hüsni̇ye Neşe Yarali, Ülker Koçak

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Bacteremia remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality during febrile neutropenia (FN) episodes. We aimed to define the risk factors for bacteremia in febrile neutropenic children with hemato-oncological malignancies. Materials and methods: The records of 150 patients aged ?18 years who developed FN in hematology and oncology clinics were retrospectively evaluated. Patients with bacteremia were compared to patients with negative blood cultures.Results: The mean age of the patients was 7.5 ± 4.8 years. Leukemia was more prevalent than solid tumors (61.3% vs. 38.7%). Bacteremia was present in 23.3% of the patients. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most frequently isolated …

Comparative Evaluation Of Liver, Spleen, And Kidney Stiffness In Hiv-Monoinfected Pediatric Patients Via Shear Wave Elastography, Emi̇ne Çalişkan, Gürkan Atay, Manolya Kara, Murat Sütçü, Zuhal Bayramoğlu, Selda Hançerli̇ Törün, Ayper Somer, İbrahi̇m Adaletli̇

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: This study aimed to evaluate the stiffness of the liver, spleen, and kidneys in HIV-monoinfected children via shear wave elastography (SWE).Materials and methods: Twenty-one HIV-monoinfected children and 37 healthy subjects were included in this study. Livers, spleens, and kidneys of the participants were examined via ultrasound and SWE. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of pathologic ultrasonographic findings. Routine laboratory tests were also recorded. Stiffness of these organs was compared between patients and control groups.Results: Liver transaminases, blood urea, and creatinine levels were normal in all subjects. Ultrasonographic examination revealed hepatosplenomegaly (n = 1, 4.7%), …

Seasonal, Sex Variations In Vitamin D Levels And Their Association With Pulmonary Function In Children With Asthma, Şebnem Özdoğan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: We aimed to examine the seasonal and sex variations in vitamin D levels in children with asthma and their associations with lung function. Materials and methods: We conducted a cohort study involving children aged 7?17 years old with asthma. Vitamin D levels were obtained and pulmonary function tests (PFTs) were performed in winter months (December, January, and February) and at the end of summer (August, September, and October). Seasonal and sex variations in vitamin D levels and lung function were examined. Results: A total of 56 children (26 males, mean age: 11.93 ± 1.8) were enrolled. The mean vitamin …

Influence Of Lrp5 (Rs556442) Polymorphism On Insulin Resistance In Healthy Iranian Children And Adolescents, Nima Montazeri Najafabady, Mohammad Hossein Dabbaghmanesh, Rajeeh Mohamadian-Amiri, Marzieh Bakhshayeshkaram, Gholamhossein Ranjbar Omrani

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Genetic aspects play a role in insulin resistance in children. In this study, for the first time, the association of LRP5 (rs556442) polymorphism and insulin resistance in Iranian children and adolescents was investigated.Materials and methods: The study population comprises children and adolescents aged 9-18 years. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were assessed. Insulin resistance/sensitivity was determined by the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), insulin-to-glucose ratio, McAuley index, revised McAuley index, fasting insulin resistance index (FIRI), and Bennett's index. LRP5 (rs566442) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was identified using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Linear regression …

Mesh Nebulizer Is As Effective As Jet Nebulizer In Clinical Practice Of Acute Asthma In Children, Özge Uysal Soyer, Meli̇ke Kahveci̇, Ayşe Betül Büyükti̇ryaki̇, Ebru Arik Yilmaz, Betül Karaatmaca, Sali̇ha Esenboğa, Pinar Gür Çeti̇nkaya, Ümi̇t Murat Şahi̇ner, Bülent Eni̇s Şekerel

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of salbutamol delivered to children by jet nebulizer (JN) and mesh nebulizer (MN). Materials and methods: Children admitted with acute asthma were treated with 3 doses of nebulized salbutamol, 1 given by MN. The patients' vital signs, lung function measurements, modified pulmonary index score (MPIS), and whole body plethysmography (WBP) measurements were evaluated before and 20 min after each dose of salbutamol.Results: Thirty-onechildren [9.5 (6.4-17.2) years, 67.7% male, 32.3% female] with mild (67.7%) and moderate (32.3%) asthma attacks were included in the study. The improvements with MN were comparable …

High Rates Of Malnutrition And Epilepsy: Two Common Comorbidities In Children With Cerebral Palsy, Kürşad Aydin, Ayşe Kartal, Esma Keleş Alp

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of children with cerebral palsy and determine the particular characteristics of the disorder. Materials and methods: The nutritional status of the children was assessed by the Gomez classification using weight-for-age. The Gross Motor Function Classification System was used to determine the gross and fine motor functions.Results: The study was conducted with 197 children (58.4% males) between the ages of 1 and 18 years old. Asphyxia (44.1%) was the primary etiological factor, and spastic quadriplegia (41.6%) was the most common type of cerebral palsy. Malnutrition was the most frequent comorbidity …

Comparison Of Reference Systems In The Assessment Of Age-Related Serum Immunoglobulin Levels In Pediatric Patients, İlknur Külhaş Çeli̇k, Ersoy Ci̇velek, Ayşe Meti̇n, Tayfur Gi̇ni̇ş, Müge Toyran, Emi̇ne Di̇bek Misirlioğlu, Can Naci̇ Kocabaş

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Ig level assessment is frequently used in the diagnosis and follow-up of immunodeficiency, as well as in studies investigating the prevalence of low serum Ig level in specific diseases.Material and methods: Patients who underwent Ig testing in the inpatient and outpatient clinics of our hospital in the years 2010-2016 were included. The Ig levels of the patients were assessed separately according to two reference systems commonly used in Turkey and another reference system used in the USA.Results: A total of 20,138 patients (57.6% male) were included in the study. The median age of the patients was 55.7 months (interquartile range: …