Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Lemongrass (Cymbopogon Citratus) Ethanolic Extract Exhibited Activities That Inhibit -Glucosidase Enzymes And Postprandial Blood Glucose Elevation, Maria Dewi Puspitasari Tirtaningtyas Gunawan Puteri, Felicia Melissa Tjiptadi, Phebe Hendra, Filiana Santoso, Zalinar Udin, Nina Artanti, Florence Ignatia Florence Ignatia

Makara Journal of Science

Lemongrass is a common ingredient in Indonesian traditional herbal medicine that potently inhibits carbohydrate hydrolysis. In this study, the in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory (AGI) activity of lemongrass was compared with its in vivo activity to retard postprandial blood glucose elevation, and the bioactive compounds responsible for these activities were observed. Both water and ethanolic extracts of lemongrass (WLG and ELG, respectively) were tested in vitro for its inhibition of the sucrose and maltose hydrolyzing activities of rat intestinal glucosidase. ELG was observed to exert higher inhibitory activities (Sucrase IC₅₀ = 8.74 mg/mL; Maltase IC₅₀ = 18.93 mg/mL) than …

Housing Stability And Diabetes Among People Living In New York City Public Housing, Sungwoo Lim, Sze Yan Liu, Melanie H. Jacobson, Eugenie Poirot, Aldo Crossa, Sean Locke, Jennifer Brite, Elizabeth Hamby, Zinzi Bailey, Stephanie Farquhar

Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works

Public housing provides affordable housing and, potentially, housing stability for low-income families. Housing stability may be associated with lower incidence or prevalence and better management of a range of health conditions through many mechanisms. We aimed to test the hypotheses that public housing residency is associated with both housing stability and reduced risk of diabetes incidence, and the relationship between public housing and diabetes risk varies by levels of housing stability. Using 2004-16 World Trade Center Health Registry data, we compared outcomes (housing stability measured by sequence analysis of addresses, self-reported diabetes diagnoses) between 730 New York City public housing …

A Novel Serpinb1 Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Associated With Glycemic Control And Β-Cell Function In Egyptian Type 2 Diabetic Patients, Dina H. Kassem, Aya Adel, Ghada H. Sayed, Mohamed M. Kamal

Pharmacy

Aims: Serine protease inhibitor B1 (SerpinB1) is a neutrophil elastase inhibitor that has been proved to be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and pancreatic β-cell proliferation. In this study, we investigated 2 SERPINB1 SNPs, rs114597282 and rs15286, regarding their association with diabetes risk and various anthropometric and biochemical parameters in Egyptian type 2 diabetic patients.

Materials and Methods: A total of 160 subjects (62 control and 98 type 2 diabetic patients) participated in this study. Various anthropometric and biochemical parameters were assessed. Genotyping assay for the two SNPs was done using TaqMan genotyping assays. The association of rs15286 variants …

Impacts Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Black Americans With Diabetes, Ted Studt

Biology Summer Fellows

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted all Americans in varying ways, but it has hit the American Black population particularly hard. It also impacts immunocompromised individuals, especially those with conditions that involve damage to or hindering of the cardiovascular or respiratory systems. I found myself asking several questions – how much did this affect individuals who suffer from such conditions, especially those who are Black Americans; how much does systemic racism play in the current pandemic; what could be done about all this; and so on. Since I myself have lived with type I diabetes for almost two decades at the …

Redox Signaling In The Zebrafish Embryo And Implications For Endocrine Pancreas Morphogenesis, Archit Rastogi

Doctoral Dissertations

The glutathione (GSH) system evolved to combat oxygen toxicity in nearly all living organisms, and serves as the predominant cellular redox buffer in vertebrates. This dissertation explores the roles of GSH during embryogenesis using the zebrafish (Danio rerio). The first agnostic in vivo characterization of GSH utilization in the embryo revealed strict spatiotemporal GSH profiles in developing organ systems. Interruption of these GSH profiles by exogenous xenobiotics led to organ specific adverse developmental outcomes; pancreatic β-cells were found to be especially susceptible and developed atypical morphologies following redox active xenobiotic exposures. Pancreatic β-cells lacked expression of Nrf2a (Nuclear …

Determining The Link Between Advanced Glycation Endproducts (Ages), Feeding, And Metabolism, Lauren Wimer

Natural Sciences and Mathematics | Biological Sciences Master's Theses

Reactive a-dicarbonyls (a-DC’s), such as methylglyoxal (MGO), are unavoidable metabolites generated during glycolysis that accumulate with age and have been linked with chronic age-related metabolic diseases such as Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Mellitus is generally characterized by peripheral neuropathy and sustained hyperglycemia. Chronic hyperglycemia leads to an increase in glycolysis and a downstream increase in reactive a-DC’s. The human body has a natural method of detoxifying these a-DC’s. Glycolytic cells have enzymes which can detoxify a-DC’s, but if overwhelmed, a-DC’s can accumulate and react non-enzymatically with proteins, lipids and DNA to yield a group of molecules called advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). …

Electrophysiology Of The Inner Retina In Health And Disease: Eaat5 In The Rod Bipolar Cell And Oscillatory Potentials In Diabetes, Gregory William Bligard

Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The inner retina is a highly tractable location for the study of neural networks in the central nervous system and improving our understanding of the inner retina is important for the treatment of a number of ophthalmic diseases. This dissertation aims to improve understanding of the inner retina in two parts: first, a basic neuroscientific project concerning normal neuronal processing in the inner retina at a cellular level, and second, a translational ophthalmologic project regarding the development in the inner retina of a common disease. In mammals, modulation of the amplitude of dim visual signals primarily occurs at axon terminals …

Baseline Health Assessment Of A Rural Delta Community, Sydney Mitchell

Honors Theses

The Lower Mississippi Delta is characterized by poverty, chronic health issues, health disparities, and food insecurity. The rural Delta communities are primarily African American, experiencing disproportionately higher rates of poverty, job loss, and chronic health problems. Historically, chronic health issues have persisted in these areas over time, including obesity, hypertension, and diabetes, which have only seemed to increase in this region. The food environment in this rural region tends to assist in the creation of the largely obesogenic population which, in turn, contributes to the increased prevalence of diabetes and hypertension and a lower quality of life. Many residents in …

Targeting The Rage Signaling Pathway To Ameliorate The Complications Of Diabetes, Stephen James Dansereau

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Diabetes is a global health epidemic that can be devastating to those afflicted,