Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Improved Peak Detection And Quantification Of Mass Spectrometry Data Acquired From Surface-Enhanced Laser Desorption And Ionization By Denoising Spectra With The Undecimated Discrete Wavelet Transform, Kevin R. Coombes, Spiros Tsavachidis, Jeffrey S. Morris, Keith A. Baggerly, Henry M. Kuerer

Jeffrey S. Morris

Background: Mass spectrometry, especially surface enhanced laser desorption and ionization (SELDI) is increasingly being used to find disease-related proteomic patterns in complex mixtures of proteins derived from tissue samples or from easily obtained biological fluids such as serum, urine, or nipple aspirate fluid. Questions have been raised about the reproducibility and reliability of peak quantifications using this technology. For example, Yasui and colleagues opted to replace continuous measures of the size of a peak by a simple binary indicator of its presence or absence in their analysis of a set of spectra from prostate cancer patients.

Methods: We collected nipple …

Pooling Information Across Different Studies And Oligonucleotide Microarray Chip Types To Identify Prognostic Genes For Lung Cancer., Jeffrey S. Morris, Guosheng Yin, Keith A. Baggerly, Chunlei Wu, Li Zhang

Jeffrey S. Morris

Our goal in this work is to pool information across microarray studies conducted at different institutions using two different versions of Affymetrix chips to identify genes whose expression levels offer information on lung cancer patients’ survival above and beyond the information provided by readily available clinical covariates. We combine information across chip types by identifying “matching probes” present on both chips, and then assembling them into new probesets based on Unigene clusters. This method yields comparable expression level quantifications across chips without sacrificing much precision or significantly altering the relative ordering of the samples. We fit a series of multivariable …

16s Rrna Gene Sequence And Phylogenetic Tree Of Lactobacillus Species From The Vagina Of Healthy Nigerian Women, Kingsley Anukam, Emmanuel Osazuwa, Ijeoma Ahonkhai, Gregor Reid

Kingsley C Anukam

Lactobacilli are ubiquitous in nature and in humans they play a very significant role in the general health maintenance of the host. Identification of Lactobacilli has previously been based on cultutre-dependent methods and recently molecular techniques involving gene sequencing are now the ‘gold standard’. Scarce information exists in Africa on the real identity of Lactobacillus species, albeit phylogenetic distances among the species present in the human vagina. 185 vaginal swabs were collected from healthy premenopausal women (18-48 years). Bacterial DNA was extracted, amplified using PCR, with group specific Lactobacillus primers, and processed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). DGGE bands …

Spiroplasma Penaei Sp. Nov., Associated With Mortalities In Penaeus Vannamei, Pacific White Shrimp, Linda M. Nunan, Donald V. Lightner, Marietta A. Oduori, Gail E. Gasparich

Gail Gasparich

Community Hospital Risk Management, Vikas Singh

Vikas Singh

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY:

The Panacea community hospital in the Hot springs County, Arkansas is a big community hospital 52-inpatient beds providing medical. Surgical, mental health, pediatrics, Ob-gyn services and emergency care.

Of late there has been serious concern about the patient safety and quality of patient care delivered by the hospital. Close examination for the causes of the unsatisfactory quality of care and patient safety reveals that the hospital lacks proper and adequately supported risk management department. One employee only who is a part of the Quality Improvement cell sees the risk management program of the hospital and there is lack …

Expression Of G-Protein Inwardly Rectifying Potassium Channels (Girks) In Lung Cancer Cell Lines, Howard Plummer 3rd, Madhu Dhar, Maria Cekanova Ms, Rndr, Phd, Hildegard Schuller

Maria Cekanova MS, RNDr, PhD

BACKGROUND: Previous data from our laboratory has indicated that there is a functional link between the beta-adrenergic receptor signaling pathway and the G-protein inwardly rectifying potassium channel (GIRK1) in human breast cancer cell lines. We wanted to determine if GIRK channels were expressed in lung cancers and if a similar link exists in lung cancer. METHODS: GIRK1-4 expression and levels were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real-time PCR. GIRK protein levels were determined by western blots and cell proliferation was determined by a 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) assay. RESULTS: GIRK1 mRNA was expressed in three of six small …

Historical Analysis And Impact Of Ken Dryden’S The Game, Don Morrow

Donald Morrow

No abstract provided.

A Literary Analysis Of Ken Dryden’S The Game.”, Don Morrow

Donald Morrow

No abstract provided.

Two Forms Of The Large Tumor Suppressor Gene (Lats1) Protein Expressed In The Vertebrate Retina, Novrouz B. Akhmedov, Clyde K. Yamashita, Dai Tran, Natik I. Piri, Gustavo D. Aguirre, Debora B. Farber

Gustavo D. Aguirre, VMD, PhD

The Importance Of Experimental Design In Proteomic Mass Spectrometry Experiments: Some Cautionary Tales, Jeffrey S. Morris, Jianhua Hu, Kevin R. Coombes, Keith A. Baggerly

Jeffrey S. Morris

Proteomic expression patterns derived from mass spectrometry have been put forward as potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of cancer and other diseases. This approach has generated much excitement and has led to a large number of new experiments and vast amounts of new data. The data, derived at great expense, can have very little value if careful attention is not paid to the experimental design and analysis. Using examples from surfaceenhanced laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight (SELDI-TOF) and matrix-assisted laser desorption–ionisation/time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) experiments, we describe several experimental design issues that can corrupt a dataset. Fortunately, the problems we identify can be …

Serum Proteomics Profiling: A Young Technology Begins To Mature, Kevin R. Coombes, Jeffrey S. Morris, Jianhua Hu, Sarah R. Edmondson, Keith A. Baggerly

Jeffrey S. Morris

No abstract provided.

What Communities Should Do Pre-Event To Support Public Health Post-Event Assessments, Surveillance And Monitoring, Thomas Lyons Carr Iii

Thomas Lyons (Thom) Carr III Appl.Sc., CEM

[Abstract written March 2008, TLC] Under worst-case planning assumptions used by some major metropolitan areas, a Neighbor-to-Neighbor self-help program model is the primary link between citizens and the professional response personnel of the responsible government agencies.

In the Neighbor-to-Neighbor self-help program model or a Community Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) calls on the citizens in neighborhoods to identify and establish cluster emergency preparedness committees, Cluster Emergency Coordination Centers (CECC) and Community Emergency Response Teams (CERT). Missing from these plans or what is not articulated is how constant Public Health Post-Event Surveillance, Monitoring and Assessments will be done. Given the worst-case planning …

Signal In Noise: Evaluating Reported Reproducibility Of Serum Proteomic Tests For Ovarian Cancer, Keith A. Baggerly, Jeffrey S. Morris, Sarah R. Edmonson, Kevin R. Coombes

Jeffrey S. Morris

Proteomic profi ling of serum initially appeared to be dramatically effective for diagnosis of early-stage ovarian cancer, but these results have proven diffi cult to reproduce. A recent publication reported good classifi cation in one dataset using results from training on a much earlier dataset, but the authors have since reported that they did not perform the analysis as described. We examined the reproducibility of the proteomic patterns across datasets in more detail. Our analysis reveals that the pattern that enabled successful classifi cation is biologically implausible and that the method, properly applied, does not classify the data accurately. We …

The Proto-Oncogene C-Kit Maps To Canid B-Chromosomes, Alexander S. Graphodatsky, Anna V. Kukekova, Dmitry V. Yudkin, Vladimir A. Trifonov, Nadezhda V. Vorobieva, Violetta R. Beklemisheva, Polina L. Perelman, Daria A. Graphodatskaya, Lyudmila N. Trut, Fengtang Yang, Malcolm A. Ferguson-Smith, Gregory M. Acland, Gustavo D. Aguirre

Gustavo D. Aguirre, VMD, PhD

Use Of Critical Incident Reports In Medical Education: A Perspective, William T. Branch Jr. Md, Macp

William T.Branch Jr.MD

Critical incident reports are now being widely used in medical education. They are short narrative accounts focusing on the most important professional experiences of medical students, residents, and other learners. As such, critical incident reports are ideally suited for addressing values and attitudes, and teaching professional development. This manuscript describes critical incident reports and gives examples of their use, provides a theoretical underpinning that explains their effectiveness, and describes the educational impacts of critical incident reports and similar methods that use reflective learning. The author recommends critical incident reports as an especially effective means to address learners' most deeply held …

Detection Of Oncogenic Mutations In The Egfr Gene In Lung Adenocarcinoma With Differential Sensitivity To Egfr Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors, Torstein Tengs

Dr. Torstein Tengs

The complete sequencing of the human genome and the development of molecularly targeted cancer therapy have promoted efforts to identify systematically the genetic alterations in human cancer. By high-throughput sequencing of tyrosine kinase genes in human non-small-cell lung cancer, we identified somatic mutations in the kinase domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase gene (EGFR) that are correlated with clinical response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). We have shown that these mutant forms of EGFR induce oncogenic transformation in different cellular systems. Cells whose growth depends on EGFR with mutations in exons 19 and 21 are sensitive …

Lack Of Antigen-Specific Tissue Remodeling In Mice Deficient In The Macrophage Galactose-Type Calcium-Type Lectin 1/Cd301a., Thandi M. Onami, K. Sato, Y. Imai, N. Higashi, Y. Kumamoto, S. M. Hedrick, T. Irimura

Thandi M. Onami

Macrophage galactose-type C-type lectins (MGLs), which were recently named CD301, have 2 homologues in mice: MGL1 and MGL2. MGLs are expressed on macrophages and immature dendritic cells. The persistent presence of granulation tissue induced by a protein antigen was observed in wild-type mice but not in mice lacking an endogenous, macrophage-specific, galactose-type calcium-type lectin 1 (MGL1) in an air pouch model. The anti-MGL1 antibody suppressed the granulation tissue formation in wild-type mice. A large number of cells, present only in the pouch of MGL1-deficient mice, were not myeloid or lymphoid lineage cells and the number significantly declined after administration of …

Girls On The Run: Preparing Girls For A Lifetime Of Self-Respect And Healthy Living, Mary Schutten

Mary C. Schutten

No abstract provided.

Sport In Canada: A History, Donald Morrow, Kevin Wamsley

Donald Morrow

No abstract provided.

Castration Inhibits The Exercise-Induced Accumulation Of Hsp70 In Male Rodent Cardiac Muscle Tissue, Kevin Milne, David Thorp, C.W. Melling, Earl Noble

Jamie Melling

Intense exercise leads to accumulation of the inducible member of the 70-kDa family of heat shock proteins, Hsp70, in male, but not female, hearts. Estrogen is at least partially responsible for this difference. Because androgen receptors are expressed in the heart and castration leads to decreases in calcium regulatory proteins and altered cardiac function, testosterone (T) or its metabolites could also be involved. We hypothesized that removal of endogenous T production through castration would reduce cardiac Hsp70 accumulation after an acute exercise bout, whereas castrated animals supplemented with 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) would show the intact male response. Fifty-four 8-wk-old male Sprague-Dawley …

Which Drugs Cause Cancer? Animal Tests Yield Misleading Results, Andrew Knight, Jarrod Bailey, Jonathan P. Balcombe

Jonathan Balcombe, Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

Adolescent Malnutrition In Developing Countries A Close Look At The Problem And At Two National Experiences, Lorraine Cordeiro, Sascha Lamstein, Zeba Mahmud, F. James Levinson

Lorraine Cordeiro

No abstract provided.

Conservation And Development Interventions At The Wildlife-Livestock Interface, Steven A. Osofsky, Sarah Cleaveland, William B. Karesh, Michael D. Kock, Philip J. Nyhus, Lisa Starr, Angela Yang

Philip J. Nyhus

No abstract provided.

Spiroplasma Atrichopogonis Sp. Nov., From A Ceratopogonid Biting Midge, R. Thomas Koerber, Gail E. Gasparich, Mark F. Frana, William L. Grogan

Gail Gasparich