Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Expression Of Acat1 In Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma And The Adjacent Pre-Tumour Tissue, Hadis Firouzpour, Seyed Mohammad Shokrolahi, Ekaterina Bourova-Flin, Samira Derakhshan, Zahra Shahsavari, Abbas Karimi, Hassan Mir Mohammad Sadeghi, Afsaneh Goudarzi

BioMedicine

Background: Altered acetyl CoA acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) expression has been reported in diverse cancers. However, the expression of ACAT1 and its prognostic value in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has remained unexplored. Materials and methods: In this study, the expression of ACAT1 was analysed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 61 OSCC patients and compared between OSCC and adjacent pre-tumour tissue of 21 patients. Results: The expression of ACAT1 in OSCC tumours is heterogeneous between patients. More specifically, 52.38% of the patients show low expression of ACAT1 in both tumour and adjacent pre-tumour tissues, 9.52% of the patients show high expression of …

The Effect Of Ghrelin On Antioxidant Status In The Rat’S Model Of Alzheimer's Disease Induced By Amyloid-Beta, Fatemeh Sarlaki, Zahra Shahsavari, Fatemeh Goshadrou, Faezeh Naseri, Mohammad Keimasi, Majid Sirati-Sabet Dr

BioMedicine

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaque formation and oxidative stress in the brain. Ghrelin has been proven to exert antioxidant activity and neuroprotection in different neurological diseases. This study is going on to examine the effect of ghrelin on antioxidant status in the rat’s model of AD induced by Aβ. Cognitive impairment was induced by intra-hippocampal administration of Aβ (10 µg) in Wistar rats and ghrelin (80 μg/kg) was administrated intraperitoneal for ten consecutive days. Behavior was assessed with Morris water maze and passive avoidance tests. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level as a marker of lipid …

Clinicopathological And Prognostic Significance Of Cxcr4 Expression In Osteosarcoma: A Meta-Analysis, I Gusti Ngurah Ananda Wira Kusuma, Grace Yulia Alphani Yapson, John Nolan, I Gede Eka Wiratnaya, I Gede Putu Supadmanaba

BioMedicine

Background: The C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor (CXCR4) is an oncogene that has been widely studied and associated with worse clinicopathological features and prognosis outcomes in many types of cancer. Besides that, significance of CXCR4 expression on clinicopathological features and prognostic factors in osteosarcoma (OS) requires further validation.

Aim: We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the association between positive CXCR4 expression with clinicopathological features and prognosis in OS.

Methods: Literature searches on Pubmed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were conducted systematically up to December 2021 to find relevant references. The effects of CXCR4 expression on clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic were …

Analysis Of Antiquorum-Sensing And Antibiofilm Activity By Pomelo Peel Extract (Citrus Maxima) On Multidrug-Resistance Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, I Gede Krisna Arim Sadeva, Putri Ayu Wulandari, Aizar Vesa Prasetyo, Luh Putu Nike Wahyuntika, Putu Nindya Krisnadewi Rahadi, I Gede Aswin Parisya Sasmana, I Made Rhamandana Putra, Agus Eka Darwinata

BioMedicine

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is gram-negative bacteria with high adaptability by forming biofilms and quorum-sensing mechanisms to avoid immune responses and antimicrobial agents which tend to develop into Multidrug Resistance (MDR) related to Healthcare-Associated Infection (HAI) with a prevalence of 3,8% in Indonesia and a mortality of up to 69%. Polyphenol compounds found in pomelo peels (Citrus maxima) have been shown to have antibiofilm and antiquorum-sensing effects but are less investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate those effects on MDR P. aeruginosa. In vitro study design is performed to evaluate the inhibition effect of ethanolic extract on bacterial …

Crosstalk Between Fatty Acid Metabolism And Tumour-Associated Macrophages In Cancer Progression, Noorzaileen Eileena Zaidi, Nur Aima Hafiza Shazali, Thean Chor Leow, Mohd Azuraidi Osman, Kamariah Ibrahim, Nik Mohd Afizan Nik Abd Rahman

BioMedicine

Over the last few decades, cancer has been regarded as an independent and selfsustaining progression. The earliest hallmarks of cancer comprise of sustaining proliferative signalling, avoiding growth suppressors, resisting cell death, enabling replicative immortality, inducing angiogenesis, and activating invasion and metastasis. Nonetheless, two emerging hallmarks are being described: aberrant metabolic pathways and evasion of immune destruction. Changes in tumour cell metabolism are not restricted to tumour cells alone; the products of the altered metabolism have a direct impact on the activity of immune cells inside the tumour microenvironment, particularly tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs). The complicated process of cancer growth is orchestrated …

Is Autologous Platelet Activation The Key Step In Ovarian Therapy For Fertility Recovery And Menopause Reversal?, Natalie S. Rickers, E. Scott Sills

BioMedicine

Platelets are a uniquely mammalian physiologic feature. As the only non-marine vertebrates to experience menopause, humans have a substantial post-reproductive lifespan and are believed to have a limited, non-renewable oocyte supply. Ovarian reserve typically declines after about age 35yrs, marking losses which cannot be recovered by available fertility medications. When in vitro fertilization fails due to low or absent ovarian response, gonadotropin adjustments are often ineffectual and if additional oocytes are occasionally harvested, egg quality is usually poor. This problem was confronted by Greek researchers who developed a new surgical method to insert autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) into ovaries; the …

In Silico And In Vitro Studies Of Taiwan Chingguan Yihau (Nricm101) On Tnf-Α/Il-1Β-Induced Human Lung Cells, Yih-Dih Cheng, Chi‑Cheng Lu, Yuan-Man Hsu, Fuu-Jen Tsai, Da-Tian Bau, Shih-Chang Tsai, Ching-Chang Cheng, Jen-Jyh Lin, Yuang-Yu Huang, Yu-Ning Juan, Yu-Jen Chiu, Sheng-Chu Kuo, Jai-Sing Yang, Lii-Tzu Wu

BioMedicine

COVID-19 pandemic has been a global outbreak of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2 virus) since 2019. Taiwan Chingguan Yihau (NRICM101) is the first traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) classic herbal formula and is widely used for COVID-19 patients in Taiwan and more than 50 nations. This study is to investigate in silico target fishing for the components of NRICM101 and to explore whether NRICM101 inhibits cytokines-induced normal human lung cell injury in vitro. Our results showed that network prediction of NRICM101 by a high throughput target screening platform showed that NRICM101 has multiple functions that may affect cytokine regulation to prevent human lung cell …

Ethanol Leaf Extract Of Hoslundia Opposita In In Vivo Antioxidant And Hepatoprotective Activity Using An Animal Model, Fred Coolborn Akharaiyi, Odoligie Imarhiagbe, Lucky Efe Isunu, Adebayo Thomas Ajibola

BioMedicine

Introduction and aim: The liver is a useful organ that is responsible for the detoxification of harmful substances from the body. Its vital role is of importance hence it should be protected from damages in order to function normally. The management of liver diseases with orthodox medicine has been found to have side effects thus its effective management with folklore has been found better.

Materials and Methods: The leaves of H. oppisota harvested from a forest was processed and extracted with ethanol. The extract concentrations of 100 to 400 mg/ml was used to evaluate acute toxicity, biochemical analysis, …

The Evaluation Of Serum Lipid Profile And Apolipoprotein C-1 In The Iranian Patients Of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Walaa Alazzawi, Zahra Shahsavari, Hanieh Babaei, Hadis Firouzpour, Abbas Karimi, Afsaneh Goudarzi

BioMedicine

Background: The key role of apolipoprotein C-1 (ApoC-1) is reported in breast, pancreas and lung cancer. However, no information is available on potential difference of ApoC-1 between OSCC patients and healthy individuals. This work aimed to examine the serum ApoC-1 level as well as lipid profile values between OSCC patients and healthy control groups.

Material and Methods: In this study, 44 blood samples from 22 OSCC patients and 22 healthy individuals were collected to determine the values of lipid profile and ApoC-1 concentration using colorimetric method and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), respectively.

Results: A significant decrease in serum lipid profile …

Lep G2548a Polymorphism Is Associated With Increased Serum Leptin And Insulin Resistance Among T2dm Malaysian Patients, Layth Ahmed Ali, Khairunadwa Jemon, Nurriza Ab Latif, Suhaili Abu Bakar, Sharifah Sakinah Syed Alwi

BioMedicine

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic syndrome that is rapidly increasing across the world, especially in Malaysia. Leptin plays a vital role in the regulation of metabolism through its effect on peripheral tissues. G2548A polymorphism in the LEP gene promoter has been associated with insulin resistance, leptin, and type 2 diabetes mellitus across different population, but has not been inclusively reported within the Malaysian population.

Objective: Thus, our study aimed to investigate the impact of G2548A polymorphism on serum leptin levels and insulin resistance among Malaysian T2DM patients.

Methods: This case-control study involved …

Neovasculogenic Effect Of 11,12-Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acid Involves The Akt/Enos Signaling Pathways In Human Endothelial Progenitor Cells, Hung-Chang Hung, Jia-Ning Syu, Che-Yi Chao, Shu-Ming Huang, Cheng-Chieh Lin, Mei-Due Yang, Shu-Yao Tsai, Feng-Yao Tang

BioMedicine

The 11,12-epoxy-eicosatrienoic acid (11,12-EET) is formed from arachidonic acid (AA) by cytochrome P450 2J2 (CYP 2J2) epoxygenase and function as an effector in blood vessels. Human endothelial progenitor cells (hEPCs), a preceding cell source for endothelial cells (ECs), involve in the vascular tissue repairing by postnatal neovasculogenesis. However, the effect of 11, 12-EET on hEPCs and neovasculogenesis is not well known. In the current study, we examined the function of 11, 12-EET in hEPCs-mediated neovasculogenesis by using tubular formation analysis, Western Blotting assay, immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry analysis and zymogram analysis. The results suggest that 11, 12-EET significantly induces neovasculogenesis …

Phenotype And Genotype In A Taiwanese Girl With Sotos Syndrome, Wei-De Lin, Chung-Hsing Wang, Fuu-Jen Tsai, I-Ching Chou

BioMedicine

Rare copy number variations have been linked to an important source of mutation in many psychopathological traits and neurodevelopmental disorders. In this study, we describe a Taiwanese girl with mental retardation and mild macrocephaly who underwent a childhood psychological evaluation for several years first. When she was 5 years old, she came to our hospital for further diagnosis. We conducted molecular cytogenetic tests and confirmed she actually has Sotos syndrome. We compared our case with two others with very similar deletion regions, but their phenotypes were heterogeneous. Sotos syndrome is very rare in Taiwan, and it is suggested that genetic …

Covid19 Vaccines And The Misinterpretation Of Perceived Side Effects, Raymond Palmer

BioMedicine

In the era of Covid19 and mass vaccination programs, the anti-vaccination movement across the world is currently at an all-time high. Much of this anti-vaccination sentiment could be attributed to the alleged side effects that are perpetuated across social media from anti-vaccination groups. Fear mongering and misinformation being peddled by people with no scientific training to terrorise people into staying unvaccinated is not just causing people to remain susceptible to viral outbreaks, but could also be causing more side effects seen in the vaccination process. This brief review will offer data that may demonstrate that misinformation perpetuated by the anti-vaccination …

Oral Administration Of Injectable Vitamin K1 In Brodifacoum Intoxication, Yen-Jung Chu, Jing-Hua Lin, Dong-Zong Hung

BioMedicine

Brodifacoum is a highly potent and long-acting anticoagulant rodenticide (LAAR). LAAR poisoning possibly leads to long term bleeding problems and needs vitamin K1 treatment for several months. Due to economic concern, tablet preparation of vitamin K1 was not available in most of the countries, including Taiwan. In literature, few reports had pointed out that injectable form of vitamin K could be used orally in patients on anticoagulant therapy with supratherapeutic state. Here, we reported a family with 3 members suffering from brodifacoum poisoning with severe coagulopathy needed to prolong hospitalization for intravenous vitamin K1 therapy, and successfully managed with injectable …

Comparison Between The Analytical Sensitivity And Clinical Performance Of Two Cobas Sars-Cov-2 Tests Based On High-Throughput And Point-Of-Care Systems, Tsai-Hsiu Lin, Ngoc-Niem Bui, Yu-Chang Chang, Li-Yun Hsu, Yang-Di Su, Chieh-Min Chang, Wei-An Hong, Uyen Nguyen Phuong Le, Su-Hua Huang, Cheng-Wen Lin

BioMedicine

Objectives: This study examined analytical sensitivity, specificity, and the clinical performance in detecting SARS-CoV-2 of the Cobas SARS-CoV-2 Test based on the high-throughput Cobas 6800 system and the Cobas SARS-CoV-2 & Flu A/B Test based on the point-of-care cobas Liat system.

Methods: The commercial reagents containing SARS-CoV-2 RNA subgenomes were diluted for assessing the sensitivity of the RT-qPCR assay. 385 nasopharyngeal swab specimens taken from contacts of COVID-19 cases were tested for the SARS-CoV-2 detection with both Cobas SARS-CoV-2 Tests.

Results: In analytical sensitivity assays, the Cobas SARS-CoV-2 & Flu A/B Test on the Liat system had a lower limit …

Crude Extract Of Desmodium Gangeticum Process Anticancer Activity Via Arresting Cell Cycle In G1 And Modulating Cell Cycle-Related Protein Expression In A549 Human Lung Carcinoma Cells, Yuh-Fung Chen, Yi-Hsien Lu, Huei-Yann Tsai

BioMedicine

Background: Desmodium gangeticum (L.)DC., which belongs to the Leguminosae family, has been used in Taiwan and other subtropical countries as an external medicine to remove blood stasis, activate blood circulation, and reduce inflammation. It has been reported to have antioxidant effects and improve inflammatory responses in rats stimulated by pro-inflammatory agents and induced gastric ulcers in experimental animals over the past few decades. This plant has also been used to treat parasitic infections, but there are no reports regarding its effects on lung cancer. Therefore, this study attempted to investigate its water crude extract (in abbreviation DG) on lung …

Serum Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Level In The Severity Prognosis Of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients: Systematic Exploration Of Novel Biomarker, Supaporn Khamchun Dr., Chunyanuch Thakaeng Miss, Rattikan Na Lampang Miss

BioMedicine

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affecting multi-organs injury and failure. The rapid, precision, and specificity prognosis by laboratory investigations could prevent active stage and severity in the disease.

Aims: To systematically explore and investigate the candidate serum protein for development into the novel biomarker for severity prognosis of SLE patients.

Methods: The proteins previously reported in abnormal level in serum/plasma of SLE patients since 2014-2020 were comprehensive collected. Thereafter, these serum proteins that found in other diseases were excluded. The association with molecules related to SLE severity of these candidate proteins were then …

Analysis Of Pap Smear Screening Factors Using Artificial Neural Network (Anns), Elaheh Allahyari, Mitra Moodi, Zoya Tahergorabi

BioMedicine

Introduction: cervical cancer is ranked as the third most prevalent cancer to affect women over the world and a Pap smear seems to be the single most critical intervention to prevent cervical cancer.

Aim: In the present study, the effects of demographic factors (age, education level, job, income level, marriage age, pregnancy, child number, breastfeeding, and menopause), insurance type, disease history (sonography and mammography, breast problem, and cancer) and cancer information on Pap smear screening behavior stage of change were investigated and modeled using an artificial neural network model (ANN).

Materials and Methods: Data were collected from a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional …

Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1-Bound Extracellular Vesicle As Novel Therapy For Osteoarthritis, Bryan Gervais De Liyis, John Nolan, Made Agus Maharjana

BioMedicine

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint condition that causes significant impairment of the chondrocyte. The gradual degradation of the cartilage lining of one or more freely moving joints, as well as persistent inflammation, are the causes of osteoarthritis. Current medication focus on alleviating symptoms rather than curing the condition. The aim of this review is to evaluate the potential use of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 extracellular vesicle as novel therapy for osteoarthritis. This review article was completed by searching for the keywords “Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1”, “Extracellular Vesicle”, and “Osteoarthritis” in various journals in several search engines. Of the …

Comparative Analysis Of The Nutritional, Biochemical And Hematological Parameters Of Pregnant Women Attending The University Of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Nigeria, Anthony Uchenna Emeribe, Amos Dangana, Hezekiah Alkali Isa, Solomon Elochi Onoja, Theresa Ohunene Otu, Yakubu Ibrahim, Amilia Afzan Mohammad Jamil, Moses D. Lugos, Dorcas Aliyu, Shamsudeen Haruna, Mala Alhaji Baba Mallam, Hadiza Yahaya, Maijidda Aminu Saidu, Silifat Oyewusi, Mustapha Bakare, Idris Nasir Abdullahi, Justin Onyebuchi Nwofe

BioMedicine

Background: Despite the efforts to encourage the intake of nutritional supplements during antenatal periods, there are still many cases of anemia and protein-energy malnutrition during pregnancy. Hence, this study determined the incidence of anemia, protein-energy malnutrition, and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Abuja, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods: This hospital-based, case-control study involved randomly selected 176 pregnant and non-pregnant women attending the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital (UATH), Gwagwalada, Nigeria. Hemoglobin and hematocrit measurements were used to determine anemia incidence, while plasma protein, zinc levels and body mass index (BMI) were used to determine energy index status. …

Effect Of Rehmannia Glutinosa Libosch Extract On Proliferation And Cardiogenic Pre-Differentiation Of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Huu Dat Nguyen, Len Ho Thi, Xuan Bach Ho, Van Anh Cao, Duy Minh Le Hoang

BioMedicine

Background: Vietnamese medicine tried and tested certain bioactive compounds from plants to increase the rate of tissue immunomodulation, regeneration, and differentiation. Although there are many research papers discovered about phytochemicals of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch and differentiation induction potential of some substances purified from this herbal, it finds difficult to seek research that investigated the effect of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch extract on proliferation and cardiogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, even though it has commonly been used for a long time because of its function as a restorative and as a critical role in cardiovascular treatment in traditional.

Results: Our …

Anti-Herpes Virus Activity Of Lactobacillus’ Postbiotics, Neli Vilhelmova_Ilieva, Georgi Atanasov, Lora Simeonova, Lili Dobreva, Kapka Mancheva, Madlen Trepechova, Svetla Danova

BioMedicine

Background: Recently, various lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and their post-metabolites, have shown many positive effects on human and animal welfare. They appear to be beneficial in different disorders and pathological conditions, including in a broad-spectrum of infectious diseases.

Aim: To estimate in vitro the anti-herpes simplex activity of 11 postbiotic samples (lysates or cell-free supernatants - CFS), produced during the fermentation of six candidate-probiotic Lactobacillus strains, isolated from Bulgarian fermented milk products.

Materials and methods: In vitro protocols for assessment of different LAB samples on the Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) replication, adsorption and virucidal effects were applied using …

The Effect Of Heparin Concentration On Results Of Venous Blood Gas Of Patients Admitted To Cardiac Intensive Care Unit: A Double-Blind Clinical Trial, Fatemeh Shima Hadipourzadeh, Rasool Lakziyan, Fidan Shabani, Zohreh Sarchahi, Saeideh Mazloomzadeh

BioMedicine

Background: the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of heparin (1000 IU/mL) in the blood sample on the results of venous blood gases of patients admitted to the cardiac intensive care unit.

Materials and Methods: The present double-blind randomized clinical trial study was performed on 282 samples from 141 patients admitted to the cardiac intensive care unit. Insulin syringes with heparin (1000 IU/mL) and heparin (5000 IU/mL) and 1 cc of blood sample were taken from the peripheral vein, then distributed in two syringes and given to the analyzer.

Results: In the present …

Applying Artificial Neural-Network Model To Predict Psychiatric Symptoms, Elaheh Allahyari, Narges Roustaei

BioMedicine

Introduction: Mental disorders result in mental disabilities and discomfort in the affected person as they affect both thinking and behavior. Therefore, more vulnerable people must first be identified to improve the psychological level of society.

Aim: This study aims to determine the importance of gender, employment, education, place of residence, and age in predicting mental disorders using artificial neural network modeling.

Methods: The pattern held between variables in this study will be identified using multilayer feed-forward back-propagation neural networks with five inputs and 10 outputs. To determine the neural network with the least sum of square errors, we evaluated the …