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Screening At Worksite Applying The Framingham Heart Study Score., Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

The first evaluation of class of occupation and cardiovascular risk factors in a Brazilian sample of civil servants. 1) context: Cardiovascular diseases are the main causes of death in Brazil. The high-risk approach to cardiovascular risk factors by screening test at worksite is one possible strategy of prevention. 2) objective: to verify the impact of a risk factors screening according to occupational levels. 3) type of study: cross-sectional 4) setting: occupational division of University of Sao Paulo 5) participants: 6,587 employees aged 20 to 69 years-old classified according three occupational grades (non-skilled, both manual and non-manual jobs; technical; faculty). 6) …

Subsets More Likely To Benefit From Surgery Or Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation After Chemoradiation For Localized Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer, Bruce Keith, Mark Vincent, Larry Stitt, Anna Tomiak, Richard Malthaner, Edward Yu, Pauline Truong, Richard Inculet, Michael Lefcoe, A. Dar, Walter Kocha, Ian Craig

Edward Yu

After chemoradiation for localized non-small-cell lung cancer, surgery and prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) have been used as additional therapies. Less than a third of patients develop brain recurrences, or have local recurrence as their sole initial site of recurrence; these are groups that would benefit from PCI or surgery, respectively. Pretreatment identification of patients more likely to benefit from surgery or PCI would be useful. A retrospective analysis of 80 patients was performed to determine prognostic factors for such patterns of failure. Twenty-nine patients were subsequently selected for surgery in a nonrandomized manner. Seventeen patients had isolated local initial recurrence …

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Surveillance --- United States, 1971--2000, David M. Mannino, David M. Homa, Lara J. Akinbami, Earl S. Ford, Stephen C. Redd

David M. Mannino

PROBLEM/CONDITION:

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema but has been defined recently as the physiologic finding of nonreversible pulmonary function impairment. This surveillance summary reports trends in different measures of COPD during 1971-2000.

REPORTING PERIOD COVERED:

This report presents national data regarding objectively determined COPD (1971-1994); COPD-associated activity and functional limitations (1980-1996); self-reported COPD prevalence, COPD physician office and hospital outpatient department visits, COPD hospitalizations, and COPD deaths (1980-2000); and COPD emergency department visits (1992-2000).

DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEMS:

The Centers for Disease Control's National Center for Health Statistics conducts the National Health Interview Survey annually, which …

Improving The Consistency In Cervical Esophageal Target Volume Definition By Special Training, Patricia Tai, Jake Van Dyk, Jerry Battista, Edward Yu, Larry Stitt, Jon Tonita, Olusegun Agboola, James Brierley, Rashid Dar, Christopher Leighton, Shawn Malone, Barbara Strang, Pauline Truong, Gregory Videtic, C. Wong, Rebecca Wong, Youssef Youssef

Edward Yu

PURPOSE: Three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy requires the precise definition of the target volume. Its potential benefits could be offset by the inconsistency in target definition by radiation oncologists. In a previous survey of radiation oncologists, a large degree of variation in target volume definition of cervical esophageal cancer was noted for the boost phase of radiotherapy. The present study evaluated whether special training could improve the consistency in target volume definitions. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A pre-training survey was performed to establish baseline values. This was followed by a special one-on-one training session on treatment planning based on the RTOG 94-05 …

Surveillance For Asthma - United States, 1980-1999, David M. Mannino, David M. Homa, Lara J. Akinbami, Jeanne E. Moorman, Charon Gwynn, Stephen C. Redd

David M. Mannino

Problem/Condition: Asthma, a chronic disease occurring among both children and adults, has been the focus of clinical and public health interventions during recent years. In addition, CDC has outlined a strategy to improve the timeliness and geographic specificity of asthma surveillance as part of a comprehensive public health approach to asthma surveillance.

Reporting Period Covered: This report presents national data regarding self-reported asthma prevalence, school and work days lost because of asthma, and asthma-associated activity limitations (1980--1996); asthma-associated outpatient visits, asthma-associated hospitalizations, and asthma-associated deaths (1980--1999); asthma-associated emergency department visits (1992--1999); and self-reported asthma episodes or attacks (1997--1999).

Description of …

Migraine And Coronary Heart Disease In Women And Men, Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

Objective.—We evaluated migraine as an independent risk factor for subsequent coronary heart disease (CHD) events among women in the Women’s Health Study (WHS) and men in the Physicians’ Health Study (PHS). Background.—Although several studies have suggested that migraine is associated with increased risk of stroke, there are few and conflicting data on whether migraine predicts risk of future CHD events. Methods.—The WHS is an ongoing randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of low-dose aspirin and vitamin E in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer in 39,876 women health professionals aged 45 years in 1993, and the PHS is a completed …

Epidemologia Das Doenças Cardiovasculares No Brasil [Portuguese], Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

No abstract provided.

Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation Revisited: Cost-Effectiveness And Quality Of Life In Small-Cell Lung Cancer, T. Tai, Edward Yu, Peter Dickof, Glen Beck, Jon Tonita, Tete Ago, David Skarsgard, Marlene Schmidt, Matthew Schmid, John Liem

Edward Yu

PURPOSE: To investigate the therapeutic usefulness and cost-effectiveness of prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) in patients with limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) who had achieved a complete remission. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was undertaken of all patients diagnosed in Saskatchewan with SCLC between 1987 and 1998 inclusive. Patients who achieved a complete remission were divided into two groups, depending on whether they underwent PCI (PCI+ and PCI-, respectively). The quality-of-life-adjusted survival was estimated by the Q-TWiST method (quality time without symptoms and toxicity). The mean incremental costs per month of incremental OS were calculated in a cost-effectiveness analysis. RESULTS: Among …

Changes In The Transmission Of Tuberculosis In New York City From 1990 To 1999, Elvin H. Geng

Elvin H Geng

Background: Over the past decade, there has been a reduction in the incidence of tuberculosis in New York City and in the United States. However, the reduction has been confined mainly to U.S.-born persons. Understanding the reasons for the lack of reduction among non–U.S.-born persons may lead to new strategies for tuberculosis control. Methods: We performed DNA fingerprinting with the IS6110 insertion sequence of the organisms isolated from patients with culture-positive tuberculosis in northern Manhattan from 1990 to 1999. The goal was to identify the strains responsible for multiple infections, presumably through recent transmission (clusters of cases), as well as …