Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Synergistic Induction Of Ahr Regulated Genes In Developmental Toxicity From Co-Exposure To Two Model Pahs In Zebrafish, Alicia R. Timme-Laragy, Crystal J. Cockman, Cole W. Matson, Richard T. Di Giulio

Alicia R. Timme-Laragy

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are pollutants created by the incomplete combustion of carbon, and are increasing in the environment largely due to the burning of fossil fuels. PAHs occur as complex mixtures, and some combinations have been shown to cause synergistic developmental toxicity in fish embryos, characterized by pericardial edema and craniofacial malformations. Previous studies have indicated that in the zebrafish model, this toxicity is mediated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor 2 (AHR2), and enhanced by inhibition of CYP1A activity. In this study, we further examined this interaction of the model PAH and AHR agonist β-naphthoflavone (BNF) with and without …

The Epidemiology And Economics Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, David M. Mannino, S. Braman

David M. Mannino

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a preventable and treatable disease responsible for a large human and economic burden around the world. Cigarette smoking is the main risk factor for COPD in the developed world, although other important risk factors include occupational exposures, air pollution, airway hyperresponsiveness, asthma, and genetic predisposition. In most of the world, COPD prevalence and mortality continue to rise in response to increases in smoking, particularly by women and adolescents. COPD is also an important cause of disability, and is linked to comorbid diseases, such as depression and cardiovascular disease, which adds to the large economic …

Rural Utility Cooperative (Ruc) Final Evaulation Report: Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium (Anthc), R. Konkel

Steve Konkel

The Rural Utility Cooperative (RUC) Final Evaluation is designed to answer several interrelated

questions:

• Is the RUC working as envisioned?

• Is it making an impact in the RUC Communities?

• Are the RUC Communities better off than the Non-RUC communities?

Alien Crustacean Decapods From The Aegean Coast Of Turkey, M. Baki Yokes, S. Ünsal Karhan, Erdogan Okus, Ahsen Yüksek, Asli Aslan, I. Noyan Yilmaz, Nazli Demirel, Volkan Demir, Bella S. Galil

Asli Aslan

Thirty of the 33 alien decapod crustacean species that have been reported off the Turkish Mediterranean coast are believed to have invaded the region via the Suez Canal, but only three of the species have been recorded along the Turkish Aegean coast. The marine biota of Gökova Bay, Datça Peninsula and Gulf of Fethiye, on the southern Aegean coast of Turkey, was studied by diving between 2002 and 2006. Of the eight Erythrean alien decapod species collected there, five constitute new records for the Aegean Sea and three are newly recorded from the Turkish coast of the Aegean Sea.

Copd And Lung Cancer Have Come A Long Way...Baby, David M. Mannino

David M. Mannino

Comment on

The growing burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer in women: examining sex differences in cigarette smoke metabolism.

http://www.atsjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1164/rccm.200704-590ED

Strategic Planning For Environmental Stewardship At Eastern Kentucky University, Steven Konkel, Dr. Robert Weise, Dr. Alan Banks, Dr. Danita Lasage, Professor Joseph Beck, James Street, Dr. Charles Elliott, Professor Barbara Szubinska, Dr. Robert Frederick, Dr. Melinda Wilder, Dr. Robert Huston, Rebecca Jones, Dr. Alice Jones, Kyle Moon

Steve Konkel

The 2006-2010 Strategic Plan for Eastern Kentucky University, under Strategic Direction 5.4, mandates the formulation of a plan to guide the University toward greater environmental stewardship. The creation and implementation of that plan is the charge of the Eastern Committee on Responsible Environmental Stewardship (ECRES), which was formed in September of 2005. On October 27th, 2006, ECRES hosted a Strategic Planning Workshop. This workshop brought together a wide range of paticipants, including elected officials, college and university representatives, and interested citizens. The result was a broad consenus in the identification of environmental goals and objectives toward which EKU should strive.

No Evidence For Acid-Catalyzed Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation In Power Plant Plumes Over Metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia, Richard E. Peltier, A. P. Sullivan, R. J. Weber, A. G. Wollny, J. S. Holloway, C. A. Brock, J. A. De Gouw, E. L. Atlas

Richard E. Peltier

Aircraft-based measurements of the water-soluble fraction of fine PM organic carbon (WSOC) and inorganic salt composition in the Atlanta, GA region were conducted in the summer of 2004. Five notable plumes of SO2, apparently from coal-fired power plants, were intercepted, and had NH4 +/SO42 molar ratios ranging from approximately 0.8 to 1.4 compared to molar ratios near 2 outside of the plumes. Sulfate aerosol concentrations increased from a regional background of 5–8 mg m 3 to as high as 19.5 mg m 3 within these plumes. No increase in WSOC concentrations was observed in plumes compared to out-of plumes within …

Avoiding Bias In The Annualized Rate Of Changed Of Fev1, David M. Mannino, Matthew M. Reichert, Kourtney J. Davis

David M. Mannino

No abstract provided.

Adrb2 Arg16gly Polymorphism, Lung Function, And Mortality: Results From The Atherosclerosis Risk In Community Study, Jill M. Ferdinands, David M. Mannino, Marta L. Gwinn, Molly S. Bray

David M. Mannino

Background

Growing evidence suggests that the Arg16Arg genotype of the beta-2 adrenergic receptor gene may be associated with adverse effects of beta-agonist therapy. We sought to examine the association of beta-agonist use and the Arg16Gly polymorphism with lung function and mortality among participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study.

Methodology and Principal Findings

We genotyped study participants and analyzed the association of the Arg16Gly polymorphism and beta-agonist use with lung function at baseline and clinical examination three years later and with all-cause mortality during 10 years of follow-up. Lung function was characterized by percent-predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 …

Contamination Levels Of Selected Organochlorine And Organophosphate Pesticides In The Selangor River, Malaysia Between 2002 To 2003, Kok Hoong Leong

Kok Hoong Leong

In Malaysia, rivers are the main source of public water supplies. This study was conducted from 2002 to 2003 to determine the levels of selected organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides in the Selangor River in Malaysia. Surface water samples have been collected seasonally from nine sites along the river. A liquid–liquid extraction followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry technique was used to determine the trace levels of these pesticide residues. The organochlorine pesticides detected were lindane, heptachlor, endosulfan, dieldrin, endosulfan sulfate, o,p′-DDT, p,p′-DDT, o,p′-DDE and p,p′-DDE whereas for organophosphate pesticides, they were chlorpyrifos and diazinon. At the river upstream where a dam …

Determining Client Need In A Multi-State Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Consortium: From Training To Practice, Suzanne Christopher, Tim Dunnagan, George Haynes, Lili Stiff

Tim Dunnagan

Background: A multi-state consortium was developed in the US to conduct baseline data collection and intervention research on fetal alcohol syndrome. Each state employed support specialists whose job it was to reduce or eliminate alcohol consumption in women who were at high risk for drinking alcohol during their pregnancy. The purpose of this paper is to report how support specialists in three primarily rural/frontier states were trained to assess client need and how client need was actually assessed in the field.

Methods: A qualitative process evaluation was conducted using semi-structured interviews. Interviews were conducted with state staff involved in support …