Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Patients’ Willingness To Participate In Rapid Hiv Testing: A Pilot Study In Three New York City Dental Hygiene Clinics, Susan H. Davide, Anthony J. Santella, Winnie Furnari, Petal Leuwaisee, Marilyn Cortell, Bhuma Krishnamachari

Publications and Research

Purpose: One in eight people living with an HIV infection in the United States is unaware of their status. Rapid HIV testing (RHT) is an easily used and accepted screening tool that has been introduced in a limited number of clinical settings. The purpose of this study was to investigate patient acceptability, certainty of their decision, and willingness to pay for screening if RHT was offered in university-based dental hygiene clinics.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was administered to 426 patients at three dental hygiene clinics in New York City over a period of four months. The survey questionnaire was based …

Youth Focus Groups: Design And Analysis Plan For The Bears Project, M. Renee Beacom Claborn

Capstone Experience

This capstone project produced a qualitative research design and analysis plan for youth focus groups as part of a Quality Improvement project at OneWorld Community Health Center (OWCHC) School-Based Health Center (SBHC) located at Bryan High School (BHS) in a program called BEARS. The intended use of this project is to serve as a reference guide for BEARS program planners to utilize as part of the data collection and analysis processes. The purpose for collecting qualitative data for this project is three-fold. 1. To explore adolescents’ perspectives of risk behaviors and associated health determinants common to their age group 2. …

Effect Of Intimate Partner Violence Education On Nurses Readiness To Screen, Felisha Dixon-Brazier

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Translational and Clinical Research Projects

This quality improvement translational project was intended to increase the confidence of nurses screening for intimate partner violence, through education. The project utilized a focus group and the Physicians Readiness to Manage Intimate Partner Violence Survey to gather needs, knowledge gaps, and prior education to develop IPV education for a group of nurses at a public health department. Nurses were found to have a low level of IPV knowledge, with a mean score of 42.44 (SD= 15.13), on a 100-point scale. Six of the nurses also reported less than one hour of previous IPV training in the past. Nurses reported …

Health Profiles Of Newly Arriving Refugees In Kentucky, 2016: Data From The University Of Louisville Global Health Program, Ruth M. Carrico, Timothy L. Wiemken, Rahel Bosson, William A. Mattingly, Rebecca Ford, Sarah Van Heiden, Stanley Kotey, Julio A. Ramirez

Journal of Refugee & Global Health

Objectives: Refugees resettling in the United States bring with them a number of health conditions, the majority chronic. These health conditions may impact their ability to be successful with disease self-management and employment, and acculturate and thrive in their new communities. Knowledge of health conditions present in individual refugee populations can be of benefit to healthcare providers in the community and public health. The objective of this manuscript is to describe the state of health among refugees newly arriving in the US and resettling in Kentucky during 2016.

Methods: Using data from the domestic health screens, immunization clinics, and the …

Refugee-Centered Medical Home:A New Approach To Care At The University Of Louisville Global Health Center, Rahel Bosson, Ruth M. Carrico, Anupama Raghuram, Paula Peyrani, William A. Mattingly, Rebecca Ford, Stephen P. Furmanek, Julio A. Ramirez

Journal of Refugee & Global Health

Refugees arrive to the United States with a full spectrum of health conditions, many of which involve intense case management requiring significant financial investments and use of healthcare resources. Kentucky receives more than 3,000 new refugees each year and ranked 10th in the nation for numbers of new arrivals resettled during 2015. These refugees arrive from diverse countries representing different cultures and speaking different languages. In addition, they arrive with diverse health conditions and medical needs. The aims of this paper are to share experiences from the University of Louisville Global Health Center regarding conceptualization, implementation and evaluation of a …

Patient-Centered Medical Home Adoption In School-Based Health Centers, Abbey Gregg

Theses & Dissertations

The patient-centered medical home (PCMH) is promoted as a primary care delivery design that can improve health care quality and patient outcomes while controlling health care costs. To achieve PCMH recognition, primary care providers must implement practice-level changes in order to deliver care that is comprehensive, coordinated, accessible, high quality, and whole-person oriented. This practice transformation requires advanced use of health information technology, staff investment in quality improvement and care coordination, and significant investments of both financial and human resources to support these activities. As a safety-net provider, school-based health centers (SBHCs) serve vulnerable children that typically experience barriers to …

Exposure To Secondhand Smoke And The Development Of Childhood Caries: Nhanes (2011-2012), Deborah Mattheus Phd, Msn, Pnp, Krupa Gandhi Mph, Eunjung Lim Phd, Maureen Shannon Cnm, Fnp, Phd

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Dental caries continue to plague young children worldwide with numerous adverse effects including pain, poor growth and development, decreased quality of life as well as the potential for the development of life threatening secondary infections. Factors associated with the development of childhood caries are complex as they relate to social, economic and/or cultural behaviors. Recent evidence has linked secondhand smoke to the development of childhood dental caries. The purpose of the study is to re-examine the association between the frequency and extent of exposure to secondhand smoke with the development of childhood caries in the United States. Cross-sectional data of …

Community Living Integration Club For Women In Recovery From Sex Trafficking, Toni Thompson

Occupational Therapy Program Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Sex trafficking is one form of human trafficking, a heinous human rights violation that transcends international borders. People who have been trafficked often present with complex neurobehavioral, psychological, emotional, physiological, sensory, and developmental difficulties. The United Nations developed the international 3 p protocol to guide governmental agencies, non-governmental groups, and individuals in developing programs and legal actions of trafficking prevention, protection, and prosecution. Protection encompasses the recovery of trafficking survivors and community integration has been identified as an essential foundation for successful recovery. Measurable components of community integration include safe housing, stable employment, and vocation-focused education. This Capstone describes the …

The Impact Of Housing Insecurity On Community Health Outcomes: Exploring Collective Community Solutions And Housing Models In The Western Addition, Jacqueline V. Brown, Jacqueline Victoria Brown

Master's Projects and Capstones

In a city where housing is scarce and prices continue to rise, the lower income residents of the Western Addition are in panic. Historically, the Western Addition/Fillmore is ground zero for Urban Renewal. This community is still bouncing back from the negative effects of the out migration of Black residents, Japanese internment, and rapid gentrification. For twenty years, this part of the city was known as Harlem of the West due to its world-renowned Jazz and Blues composers, and is informally known as “Tha ‘Mo”. San Francisco has set the tone nationally for public, mixed income, and private housing that …

Wood County Project Connect: Final Report For Event Held October 19, 2016, Melissa W. Burek, Mamta Ojha, Megan Schnell

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

Project Homeless Connect (PHC) is designed to provide immediate goods and services to homeless individuals and those nearing homelessness. PHC provides basic needs and critical services in one day at one location. Along with providing valuable and necessary services to help alleviate homelessness, an additional positive outcome for service providers is the opportunity to network with different agency members, and reinforce relationships, collaborations, and partnerships. On October 19, 2016, Wood County, Ohio held its fourth Project Connect (PC) event at St. Mark’s Lutheran Church in Bowling Green, Ohio. This report presents a compilation of data collected at the event, as …

Wood County Project Connect 2016, Melissa Burek, Mamta Ojha, Megan Schnell

Melissa Burek

Case Study: Healthy Texas Women Program In The Abilene-Taylor County Public Health District, Saul Francisco Delgado

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The public healthcare system faces continuous transformations and challenges of constant adjustments to the increasing usage of fee for service revenue and the decrease of federal investment to women’s healthcare services and to the safety net healthcare providers (Meit, 2013; Weisman, 1997).

In 2016, the Texas 84^th Legislation Session determined to consolidate two existing women’s healthcare service programs into one a single program: the Healthy Texas Women (HTW) program. The new women’s program is a preventative care program that provides services of family planning and chronic illness care under a complete fee for service reimbursement system as its sourse …

Healthcare And Homelessness: How Can We Better Service The Health Needs Of Homeless Individuals? A Case Study Of The City Of Worcester, Ma, Kali Adams

International Development, Community and Environment (IDCE)

Health care for the homeless is a major problem in American communities. Understanding the gaps, barriers and limitations in this system is imperative to providing homeless populations appropriate care. This research aims to understand the gaps in the homeless system of Worcester, Massachusetts through interviews with hospital staff and employees of agencies working with the homeless population. Analysis revealed an extremely divided system between provision of health care and provision of social services to Worcester’s homeless population. Across these two systems there was limited to no collaboration, communication and understanding. In order to provide more adequate care to homeless individuals, …

Point Of Care Technology For Underserved Populations, Anna Maloney

Annual Undergraduate Conference on Health and Society

Point of Care technology is an emerging healthcare field. This technology allows for rapid, inexpensive, on-site testing for otherwise lengthy and costly laboratory tests. Leading infectious diseases can be tested immediately in non-invasive ways similar to using a pregnancy test. This inexpensive, highly portable, and extremely accurate technology should be used for populations that have historically lacked access. Such access would result in immediate cost savings and life savings.

Underserved populations in America such as migrant workers or people living in poverty rarely receive the testing they require. Although clinics for illegal immigrants exist where they are protected and cannot …

Exploring The Life Course Perspective In Maternal And Child Health Through Community-Based Participatory Focus Groups: Social Risks Assessment, Abraham Salinas-Miranda, Lindsey M. King, Hamisu M. Salihu, Estrellita "Lo" Berry, Deborah Austin, Susan Nash, Kenneth Scarborough, Evangeline Best, Lillian Cox, Georgette King, Carrie Hepburn, Conchita Burpee, Eugene Richardson, Marlo Ducket, Richard Briscoe, Julie Baldwin

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Little is known about the patterns of risk factors experienced by communities of color and how diverse community contexts shape the health trajectory of women from the early childhood period to the time of their pregnancies. Thus, we conducted a focus group study to identify social risks over the life course that contribute to maternal and child health from the perspective of community members residing in low income urban areas.

Ten community-based participatory focus groups were conducted with residents from selected communities in Tampa, Florida, from September to November 2013. We used the life course perspective to illuminate and explain …

Hiv Risk Behaviors, Previous Hiv Testing And Positivity Among Hispanic Women Tested For Hiv In Florida, 2012, Janelle Taveras

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The prevalence of female adults and adolescents living with diagnosed HIV infection continues to rise. Latina women in the United States (US) are not only disproportionately affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, but also underutilize HIV prevention services, such as HIV testing. Data are limited on the differences in HIV risk among Latinas by country of birth, and opportunities still exist to prevent transmission of HIV and reduce HIV-related disparities. This dissertation describes the risk behaviors, testing behaviors, and test results among women tested for HIV at public sites in Florida. Additionally, it compares these characteristics by HIV testing …

Projected Financial Losses Experienced By Community Health Centers Under A Scenario Of Major Cuts In Key Sources Of Federal Funding: 2018-2022, Avi Dor, Eric Luo, Ali Moghtaderi, Anne Rossier Markus

Geiger Gibson/RCHN Community Health Foundation Research Collaborative

Congress is currently considering options to significantly reduce federal funding for the Medicaid expansion and the Marketplace subsidies implemented under the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Separately, the Health Centers Fund, which currently accounts for 70% of all federal health center grant funding, is set to expire in September 2017. These potential changes in federal funding could have a dramatic impact on health centers and the communities they serve. The purpose of this brief is to simulate the potential combined impact of these major changes in federal funding that will directly affect community health centers. Secondarily, this brief also assesses the …

Prevention Of Drug Use And Treatment Of Drug Use Disorders In Rural Settings, John A. Gale Ms

Mental Health / Substance Use Disorders

This Guide on Prevention of Drug Use and Treatment of Drug Use Disorders in Rural Settings was prepared by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) Drug Prevention and Health Branch (DHB), in the context of the global project Treatnet II: OFID-UNODC Programme to prevent HIV/AIDS through Treatnet Phase II, with the aim of providing an awareness-raising tool and guidance for policymakers, public health officials, local authorities and other stakeholders in dealing with substance use issues in rural settings in their respective countries. This Guide will serve as an awareness-raising tool and guidance for policymakers, public health officials, …

How Could Repealing Key Provisions Of The Affordable Care Act Affect Community Health Centers And Their Patients?, Sara J. Rosenbaum, Jessica Sharac, Thao-Chi Tran, Anne Rossier Markus, David Reynolds, Peter Shin

Geiger Gibson/RCHN Community Health Foundation Research Collaborative

Analyses of repeal of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) have tended to focus on coverage. This study, which gauges the potential effects of repealing certain ACA provisions, looks at the question of primary health care access itself, with a focus on medically underserved communities. A survey developed and fielded in early 2017 asked community health centers to estimate the impact of ending the Health Centers Fund established under the ACA as well as ending expanded Medicaid coverage and subsidies designed to make private insurance affordable for lower income patients. Forty-one percent of health centers responded; 69 percent were located in …

Medicaid And Children With Special Health Care Needs, 2016-2017 Cohort Of New Hampshire-Maine Leadership Education In Neurodevelopmental And Related Disabilities (Nh-Me Lend) Program Trainees

Policy Analysis

Medicaid funds vital services for children and youth with special health care needs and disabilities (CYSHCN). Proposed changes to the structure of Medicaid would significantly reduce federal funding for this important program. The most concerning are the proposed structural changes including per capita caps and block grants, as well as threats to Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnostic and Treatment (EPSDT) and Medicaid Waiver services. Restructuring would have devastating effects on benefits for low-income children and individuals with disabilities, and their families, putting this very vulnerable population at additional risk.

Massachusetts Healthy Aging Data Report: Community Profiles, Elizabeth Dugan, Frank Porell, Nina Silverstein, Ruth Palombo, Stacey Mann

Nina Silverstein

The Massachusetts Healthy Aging Data Report: Community Profiles was created by researchers at the Gerontology Institute of the John W. McCormack Graduate School of Policy and Global Studies at the University of Massachusetts Boston and commissioned by the Tufts Health Plan Foundation.

In this report, we have created a custom profile of nearly 100 healthy aging indicators for every city and town in Massachusetts including the 16 neighborhoods of Boston (367 Community Profiles). Each Community Profile is designed to help community residents, agencies, providers, and governments understand the older adults who live in their cities and towns – their ages, …

Massachusetts Healthy Aging Data Report: Community Profiles, Elizabeth Dugan, Frank Porell, Nina Silverstein, Ruth Palombo, Stacey Mann

Elizabeth Dugan

The Massachusetts Healthy Aging Data Report: Community Profiles was created by researchers at the Gerontology Institute of the John W. McCormack Graduate School of Policy and Global Studies at the University of Massachusetts Boston and commissioned by the Tufts Health Plan Foundation.

In this report, we have created a custom profile of nearly 100 healthy aging indicators for every city and town in Massachusetts including the 16 neighborhoods of Boston (367 Community Profiles). Each Community Profile is designed to help community residents, agencies, providers, and governments understand the older adults who live in their cities and towns – their ages, …

North Douglas County Community Needs Health Assessment (Phase 2), Callie H. Lambarth, Diane Reid, Beth L. Green

Early Childhood

Beginning in August 2016, Phase 2 of the North Douglas County (NDC) Community Health Needs Assessment (CHNA) built on work completed in the Phase 1 planning process, and engaged the communities of Drain, Elkton, and Yoncalla, Oregon in the development and administration of a regional health services survey. The purpose of the survey was to learn from families with children ages 0-8 in the NDC region in order to:

• Identify service needs across a range of health service types, e.g., dental care, immunizations, prenatal care, well-child care, primary care, and mental health;
• Identify barriers to access;
• Prioritize the programs and …

Validation Of Respiratory Questionnaire For Lung Function Assessment Among An Occupational Group Of Textile Workers In Pakistan, Tanzil Jamali, Asaad Ahmed Nafees

Community Health Sciences

Objective: To determine the association of spirometric lung pattern with respiratory symptoms and to validate the American Thoracic Society respiratory questionnaire for lung function assessment among textile workers.
Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted from August to December 2009 among adult textile workers of Karachi. Data was collected through the American Thoracic Society Division of Lung Disease respiratory questionnaire and the lung function was assessed by using a spirometer. Results of three acceptable readings of spirogram were recorded and the best of the three readings was used for analysis. SPSS 19 was used for data analysis.
Results: There were 372 …

Use Of Grounded Theory In Cardiovascular Research, Patrick J. Dunn, Vasileios Margaritis, Cheryl Anderson

The Qualitative Report

While grounded theory is often cited in the qualitative literature as the methodology, there are few good examples of publications that follow the principles of grounded theory and result in an actual theory. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how the Corbin and Strauss (2015) method of grounded theory was used in a study looking at how patients with cardiovascular disease and diabetes develop health literacy skills that are used to manage their condition. The key principles of grounded theory include theoretical sampling, constant comparison, open, axial, and selective coding, the use of memoing, and theoretical saturation. Data …

Community Health Centers: Recent Growth And The Role Of The Aca, Sara Rosenbaum, Julia Paradise, Anne Rossier Markus, Jessica Sharac, Chi Tran, David Reynolds, Peter Shin

Geiger Gibson/RCHN Community Health Foundation Research Collaborative

Community health centers are the nation’s largest source of comprehensive primary care for medically underserved communities and populations. Under the Affordable Care Act (ACA), increased patient revenues due to the expansion of Medicaid and private health insurance, along with substantially increased direct federal investment in the program, have led to growth in the number of health centers and their capacity to provide services. This brief draws on 2015 federal data on health centers and our 2016 Survey of Health Centers’ Experiences and Activities under the Affordable Care Act to provide a snapshot of health centers and their patients, analyze recent …

Training Us Health Care Professionals On Human Trafficking: Where Do We Go From Here?, Clydette Powell, Kirsten Dickins, Hanni Stoklosa

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Some 21 million adults and children are labor-trafficked or sex-trafficked through force, fraud, or coercion. In recognition of the interface between trafficking victims and the healthcare setting, over the last 10 years there has been a notable increase in training of health care professionals (HCPs) on human trafficking (HT) and its health implications. Many organizations have developed curricula and offered training in various clinical settings. However, methods and content of this education on trafficking vary widely, and there is little evaluation of the impact of the training. The goal of this study was to assess the gaps and strengths in …

A Secondary Analysis In Support Of The Community Health Needs Assessment For Oasis Free Clinics, Jillian Wheeler

Muskie School Capstones and Dissertations

Oasis Free Clinics offer free medical and dental services to uninsured, low income adults living in Sagadahoc County, Maine (with the exception of the town of Richmond) and the towns of Brunswick, Freeport, and Harpswell in Cumberland County and Durham in Androscoggin County. Oasis has filled a critical need in providing affordable health care to the working poor with the absence of Medicaid expansion in the state of Maine. The clinic offers wellness checks, women's wellness, prenatal care, chronic disease management, limited mental health counseling, a prescription assistance program and dental care.

Oasis Free Clinics will conduct a Community Health …

Ua12/4 Stall Street Journal, Vol. 9, Wku Health Services

WKU Archives Records

Broadsides developed by WKU Health Services to convey public health information in students in bathroom stalls. Incomplete run.

Pressure Thresholds And Stiffness On The Plantar Surface Of The Human Foot, Thilina W. Weerasinghe, Ravindra S. Goonetilleke, Uwe Reischl

Public Health and Population Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

The objective was to develop a methodology to assess Pressure Discomfort Thresholds (PDT), Pressure Pain Thresholds (PPT), and tissue stiffness on the plantar surface of the foot. Ten male and ten female participants volunteered for the study. Foot landmarks were used to create a standardized grid-type template of 95 points. For each test point, PPT and PDT values were obtained, and stiffness was calculated for each of the twenty participants. Cluster analyses were performed to determine the regions of similarity for the three dependent variables, PPT, PDT and stiffness. Moran’s-I-index was used to determine the spatial auto correlations. The use …