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Articles 1 - 30 of 40
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Formalizing The Faustian Bargain Within The Healthcare Domain: An End-Of-Life Approach., Rachel Appel
Formalizing The Faustian Bargain Within The Healthcare Domain: An End-Of-Life Approach., Rachel Appel
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A Faustian Bargain refers to an individual making a “deal with the devil,” exchanging something moral or sacred for an unattainable earthly good. The Faustian Bargain has been used to describe a ubiquitous social dilemma inherent to human civilization: exchanging individual liberty for public goods (e.g., security) provided by societal leaders and governments (Ostrom, 1980). Research on Faustian Bargains often examines tradeoffs between outcome utility (i.e., value derived from the outcomes of a decision) and procedural utility (i.e., value derived from being involved in the decision process (e.g., Frey et al., 2004). Much of the research on Faustian Bargains has …
The Ethical Imperative Of Inclusion In Healthcare Innovation: Scaling And Sustaining Digital Health Equity, Lukas E. Chandler
The Ethical Imperative Of Inclusion In Healthcare Innovation: Scaling And Sustaining Digital Health Equity, Lukas E. Chandler
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The COVID-19 pandemic revealed the harm of digital health exclusion. Excluded groups could not benefit from virtual care due to device access gaps, broadband connectivity, and digital and language literacy levels. A lack of engagement with historically excluded populations in digital health innovation is an ethical harm and a maleficent form of social exclusion. Digital tools in healthcare delivery represent more than just a strategy for promoting health equity; they signify an opportunity to address health inequities in the health technology design process.
The historical focus of healthcare ethics on bedside decision-making issues largely explains why the field lacks concerted …
Ethical Oversight Of Roles & Relationships In Treatment & Research In Advanced Disease States, Alexa Vercelli
Ethical Oversight Of Roles & Relationships In Treatment & Research In Advanced Disease States, Alexa Vercelli
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
There is often ethical analysis focusing solely on the care of the patient by the physician or on the protection of the research participant by the clinical investigator, but those two are often overlapping. By paralleling the analysis of treatment and research, it emphasizes the specific ethical approaches necessary for individuals facing advanced diseases states in the separate roles of being a patient or participant. It also gives guidance to the complexity of the ethics surrounding medical professionals who float between the roles of treating physicians and clinical investigators. As individuals with advanced disease states are considered a vulnerable population …
Respecting The Ethical Tension Between Surveillance And Privacy In Promoting Public Health And Disease Management, Kamal Althobaiti
Respecting The Ethical Tension Between Surveillance And Privacy In Promoting Public Health And Disease Management, Kamal Althobaiti
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The recognition of the need to undertake surveillance and to protect privacy is well established. However, the continually changing circumstances and fast-paced development of healthcare today requires a continuing need to respect this ethical tension between surveillance and privacy. Hence, this dissertation is to respect the ethical tension between surveillance and privacy in promoting public health and disease management. This dissertation investigates the ethics of conducting public health surveillance, including the challenges associated with obtaining consent and protecting data from unauthorized access. The dissertation will focus on the ethical consequences of big data, including issues associated with obtaining informed consent, …
Exploring Moral Permissibility Of Nurse Participation In Limited Resuscitation, Felicia Stokes
Exploring Moral Permissibility Of Nurse Participation In Limited Resuscitation, Felicia Stokes
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation offers a novel approach to support nurses when they face conflict between clinicians and families or alternate decision-makers over potentially inappropriate end-of-life goals of care. This dissertation will provide a normative analysis of the moral permissibility of limited resuscitation, with arguments supported by analyses of families’ and nurses’ perspectives and actions in the EoL decision-making process. Limited resuscitation is a cardiopulmonary resuscitation effort where full pharmacologic and mechanical intervention is not used, or the length of the resuscitative effort is shortened. It is typically associated with deception because it is performed without the knowledge of patients and families. …
The Contribution Of Ethical Governance Of Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning In Healthcare, Tina Nguyen
The Contribution Of Ethical Governance Of Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning In Healthcare, Tina Nguyen
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
With the Internet Age and technology progressively advancing every year, the usage of Artificial Intelligence (AI) along with Machine Learning (ML) algorithms has only increased since its introduction to society. Specifically, in the healthcare field, AI/ML has proven to its end-users how beneficial its assistance has been. However, despite its effectiveness and efficiencies, AI/ML has also been under scrutiny due to its unethical outcomes. As a result of this, two polarizing views are typically debated when discussing AI/ML. One side believes that AI/ML usage should continue regardless of its unsureness, while the other side argues that this technology is too …
Narrative Authority: A Narrative-Based Multicultural Ethics To Overcome Western Biases In The Current Models Of Care, Fahmida Hossain
Narrative Authority: A Narrative-Based Multicultural Ethics To Overcome Western Biases In The Current Models Of Care, Fahmida Hossain
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Technological advances and globalization are transforming healthcare dramatically. But unfortunately, current medical practices remain blind to their multicultural patients’ varied worldviews and norms, especially in the West. As a result, patients often find themselves isolated, anxious, and resentful.
All the humanistic models in the current literature view the individual as a unique and autonomous being and, in turn, provide practices to access and recognize the patient’s personhood. These models—Narrative Medicine, Narrative Ethics, and Ethics of Care—attempt to catch sight of the individual, the person’s situation, and some semblance of the person’s story before diagnosing or offering prescriptions. However, all these …
A Bioethics Critique Of The Healthcare System In Nigeria: Personal Dignity And Human Solidarity, Cyprian Duru
A Bioethics Critique Of The Healthcare System In Nigeria: Personal Dignity And Human Solidarity, Cyprian Duru
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Life is a sacred gift, an indivisible good with an inherent dignity and value. Despite its uniqueness, fragility, vulnerability, and limitations, it remains the most interesting, attractive, and exciting thing one can possess. These attributes invoke a deep sense of respect to life. Recently, science and biotechnology have astonished the world, as they continue to disorient human consciousness on new set of ethical issues. In effect, life is seriously exposed to the perspectives of modern science and technology. Thus, President George W. Bush warns that the powers of science are morally neutral, capable for good and bad purposes. In …
The Contribution Of Bioethics To Home Healthcare (Hhc) In Saudi Arabia, Saeed Alghamdi
The Contribution Of Bioethics To Home Healthcare (Hhc) In Saudi Arabia, Saeed Alghamdi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation examines the contribution of bioethics to Home Healthcare (HHC) In Saudi Arabia (SA). Through exploring the critical bioethical issues that have influenced the implementation of home health care, the dissertation highlights the significance of incorporating bioethics in home health care. Organizational ethics has led to the regulation of healthcare professionals, patients, and the stakeholders within clinical care settings. Healthcare organizations and other stakeholders, such as global health bodies, should formulate laws and policies that promote bioethics in contemporary healthcare. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, through the Ministry of Health, should promote the adoption of home health care services …
Connecting Human Dignity, Non-Violence, And Environment For Healthcare Ethics In Nigeria, John Mark Ogu
Connecting Human Dignity, Non-Violence, And Environment For Healthcare Ethics In Nigeria, John Mark Ogu
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Abstract
Connecting Human Dignity, Non-violence, and Environment in Health Care for Nigeria
By
John Mark Chinaemerem Ogu
December 2021
Dissertation supervised by Peter Ikechukwu Osuji, Ph.D.
This dissertation presents a global public health ethical approach based on social justice that connects human dignity, non-violence, and the environment in Nigeria. Recently, different places globally are witnessing uprisings and violence; some of these are linked to environmental scarcity. These are threats to global health, peace, development, and security because violence of any type or form is a global public health and security menace and an affront to human dignity. Environmental scarcity, especially …
A Public Health Ethics Approach To Substance Use Disorder, Adele Flaherty
A Public Health Ethics Approach To Substance Use Disorder, Adele Flaherty
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The goal of the dissertation is to undertake an analysis of substance use disorders that focuses on a public health ethics perspective. The ethical argument focuses upon justifying the use of harm reduction and is primarily concerned with the current opioid crisis. While substance abuse/misuse over the course of history has been identified as a public health concern, this dissertation presents substance use disorders over the course of the lifespan, examining various contexts in which it can affect daily living and health outcomes. It achieves this by analyzing substance use disorders through the lens of the socioecological model of public …
Decreasing Unintentional Pregnancies For Tennesseans, Paula M. Todd
Decreasing Unintentional Pregnancies For Tennesseans, Paula M. Todd
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In 2018, 49% of all pregnancies in the United States were unintended, with women with a lower- income status being five times more likely to experience an unplanned pregnancy. Tennessee has a high rate of unintended pregnancies, particularly among the uninsured, low-income, and rural teen populations; some 22% of these unintended pregnancies end in abortion. Oral or transdermal contraceptives that are affordable and accessible for women of childbearing age can reduce unintentional pregnancies. The addressed gap in clinical practice was that contraceptives are not currently available over the counter in Tennessee pharmacies without a prescription, which necessitates a costly medical …
Clash Of Titans: An Ethical Framework Towards Limitations In Religious Accommodation Within Healthcare, Yoelit Lipinsky
Clash Of Titans: An Ethical Framework Towards Limitations In Religious Accommodation Within Healthcare, Yoelit Lipinsky
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In late October 2017, a young Canadian Jewish man was at the center of a storm that involved ethics, religion, law and policy He had been unconscious for a month and doctors deemed him brain dead. The Jewish community, and his family, wished to keep him on life support, since their religion did not consider brain death to be ‘death.’ This clash between medical and religious perspectives poignantly illustrates the unique and growing challenges posed by religious observance in Canada’s secular healthcare system. A similar story is found in America. In December 2019, a story was published demonstrating fears that …
Professional Ethics For College Health Services, Dessa Mrvos
Professional Ethics For College Health Services, Dessa Mrvos
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
College health services provide a crucial resource for campus communities in the United States, substantially affecting student health, safety, and wellbeing. The impact and quality of campus clinical services impact student life through varied approaches to the delivery of services, health innovations, and business models. The role that campus health services plays in dealing with risk mitigation is essential: well-established public health principles of disease prevention, health promotion, and health education are sustained and advanced by campus clinical health services. Despite the widely recognized importance of college health services, there is very little literature on the contribution of ethics related …
An Ethical Foundation For Genetic Therapy And Gene Editing (Crispr), Nikolija Lukich
An Ethical Foundation For Genetic Therapy And Gene Editing (Crispr), Nikolija Lukich
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
There are many steps involved in the process of introducing CRISPR-Cas9 into the current health care system. This dissertation provides an ethical foundation for the uses of CRISPR-Cas9 genetic therapies and editing techniques, which organizations can utilize when implementing these new technologies. Multiple components must be examined, including the practical application of the concept of autonomy, which benefits from the inclusion of personalism and care ethics as it aims to provide a more effective method upholding the right to independent decision-making. In addition to individual considerations, population-based decisions and public health tools are explored, connecting the human right to health …
The Ethical Accountability Of Organizational Leadership To Communities Of Stakeholders In Healthcare, Lisa Martinelli
The Ethical Accountability Of Organizational Leadership To Communities Of Stakeholders In Healthcare, Lisa Martinelli
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
ABSTRACT
THE ETHICAL ACCOUNTABILITY OF ORGANIZATIONAL LEADERSHIP TO COMMUNITIES OF STAKEHOLDERS IN HEALTHCARE
By
Lisa A. Martinelli, JD, MA
October 2020
Dissertation supervised by Professor Gerard Magill
While much is written on organizational ethics in healthcare, this dissertation uniquely links organizational ethics and stakeholder theory to the ethical accountability of leadership to their distinct, vulnerable stakeholder communities. It does so by examining the healthcare organization’s moral agency in relation to stakeholder theory and applies those considerations to three major stakeholder categories: confidentiality and privacy of healthcare information, research and attention to specific pediatric populations, and ethics of care concerning the …
Examining The Intersectionality Of Religious Faith, Spirituality, And Healthcare Communication, Felix Okeke
Examining The Intersectionality Of Religious Faith, Spirituality, And Healthcare Communication, Felix Okeke
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation is my own contribution in responding to the concern raised by certain communication scholars. Their concern was that little research and few publications have been done in the communication field by communication scholars that trace the relationship among religious faith, spirituality, and healthcare communication. While Parrott (2004) describes this apparent neglect as “collective amnesia,” others label it “religion blindness.” Thus, in trying to trace this relationship, this project uses Christian, biblical, and bioethics backgrounds to establish the value, sacredness, and dignity of human life, since these concepts make healthcare and healthcare communication necessary in the first place. These …
The Ethical Challenge For Hipaa’S Privacy Rule In The Genomics Era Of Data Analytics., Reem Shinawi
The Ethical Challenge For Hipaa’S Privacy Rule In The Genomics Era Of Data Analytics., Reem Shinawi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The thesis of this dissertation focuses on the Ethical Challenge for HIPAA’s Privacy Rule in the Genomics Era of Data Analytics. Data Analytics in Genomic Medicine challenges the individuals’ right to privacy. Hence, a balance is needed between the previous centrality of individual privacy and the need for population information to make breakthroughs in Genomic Medicine using Data Analytics. Such a problem demands regulatory solutions. And such solutions require the collaboration of professionals. Genomic Medicine is a field that deals with sensitive genetic information in both medicine, and research, it is essential to view it through HIPAA as it is …
The Contribution Of A Global Ethics Approach To Health And The Environment In The Niger Delta Region, Augustine Wayii
The Contribution Of A Global Ethics Approach To Health And The Environment In The Niger Delta Region, Augustine Wayii
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
ABSTRACT
THE CONTRIBUTION OF A GLOBAL ETHICS APPROACH TO HEALTH AND THE
ENVIRONMENT IN THE NIGER DELTA REGION
By
Augustine Lezorgia Wayii, M. ED, M.A.
May 2020
Dissertation supervised by Gerard Magill, PhD
The dissertation presents a global ethics approach that connects health and the environment in the context of the Niger Delta Region. The people of the Niger Delta region in Nigeria are experiencing major catastrophes that connect health and the environment. In the bid to ameliorate these pivotal problems, this dissertation undertakes an ethical analysis that connects health and the environment. Insofar as these problems can be characteristic …
A Bioethical Paradigm For Enhanced, Post Or Transhumans In Medicine And Biological Research, Roderick Williams
A Bioethical Paradigm For Enhanced, Post Or Transhumans In Medicine And Biological Research, Roderick Williams
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In this dissertation the question addressed is the ethical protocol that should be used when enhanced, post or transhumans present themselves as patients to hospitals, or as subjects for scientific research. With the advent of the birth of four children who were genetically engineered in China to be resistant to HIV, I contend that transhumans are already here, and the prevailing Western paradigm of principlism, while good, is not adequate to the task. I explore the basic religious argument that can be used against or in favor of what I call human-directed human evolution. I show how the fears of …
British Eugenics Failure And Success, Angela Gallagher
British Eugenics Failure And Success, Angela Gallagher
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The historical narrative of eugenics often focuses on those eugenic societies and movements that ‘succeeded’ in part or in full in achieving a eugenic society. Less studied are those societies that failed, whether due to social backlash or internal incoherence. The British Eugenic Educational Society as the foundational point of eugenics, has therefore been overlooked as a result of it’s perceived lack of contribution to eugenic thought and its failure to pass eugenic legislation. Founded by Francis Galton, the originator of the philosophy of eugenics, the British Eugenic Educational Society should have been successful given it’s reputation and the numerous …
Quality In All Levels: A Model Defining And Measuring Quality In Bioethics Education, Ercan Avci
Quality In All Levels: A Model Defining And Measuring Quality In Bioethics Education, Ercan Avci
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Due to the lack of academic studies in the quality assessment of bioethics education, this dissertation aimed to propose a normative model, Quality in All Levels (QAL), to define and measure quality in bioethics education. The QAL model described quality in bioethics education as conformance to the goals and determined these goals as (1) increasing ethical knowledge, (2) improving ethical skills to strengthen ethical sensitivity, awareness, and judgment, (3) developing ethicalbehavior, and (4) promoting cultural competence. The dissertation utilized Avedis Donabedian’s three approaches: structure, process, and outcome to formulate quality standards and indicators in bioethics education. In respect of …
The Ethical Justification Of Increasing Awareness Of Preventive Medicine Among Healthcare Professionals, Patients And The General Public In The United States, Karishma Ether Moazzam
The Ethical Justification Of Increasing Awareness Of Preventive Medicine Among Healthcare Professionals, Patients And The General Public In The United States, Karishma Ether Moazzam
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
While practiced for centuries, preventive medicine has received increased attention during the recent times. Preventive medicine has a distinct mission to protect, promote, and maintain health as well as to prevent diseases, disabilities, and premature deaths. It aims to fulfill its mission through the combined form of clinical intervention and health promotion. In the recent years, preventive medicine has begun to lean more towards the clinical interventions, taking away from the health promotion. This imbalance has caused preventive medicine to lose its effectiveness in fulfilling its mission. One of the leading causes for such imbalance is the lack of proper …
Public Health Policy: An Ethical Analysis Of Quarantine, Dina Alqahtani
Public Health Policy: An Ethical Analysis Of Quarantine, Dina Alqahtani
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
As a public health measure quarantine has both historical and contemporary significance both in the United States and abroad. On the surface it represents a low-cost, low-tech way in which the spread of disease can be mitigated as its core requirement is that those who may have been exposed to an infectious agent are kept away from those who have not been exposed to that agent for enough time to determine whether or not infection has been spread. This has been utilized for centuries with both limited questions and scattered, inconsistent, or impossible to achieve oversight and goals. In understanding …
An Ethical Analysis Of Reproductive Justice In The Context Of The Egenics Movement In The United States, Bernetta Welch
An Ethical Analysis Of Reproductive Justice In The Context Of The Egenics Movement In The United States, Bernetta Welch
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The history of forced sterilization and the American cultural agreement with this practice robbed women of color of control of their own bodies, destinies, and communities. Negative eugenics as genetic proof of low intelligence, low possibility, and low productivity fed the system of compulsory sterilization even though the science proved faulty and incorrect. As advances in medical technology and genetic science increases, eugenics is making a return into the American psyche. Vulnerable populations which include women of color make reproduction and the subsequent control of their bodies vulnerable once again.
The Reproductive Justice Movement is a collaboration of organized women …
Precision Medicine And It's Ethical And Social Implications: Public Health And Gobal Persepctives, Evangel Sarwar
Precision Medicine And It's Ethical And Social Implications: Public Health And Gobal Persepctives, Evangel Sarwar
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Ever since President Obama's launch of the Precision Medicine Initiative (PMI) in 2015, precision medicine (PM) has been anticipated as the new paradigm for healthcare with the capacity to “empower patients, researchers, and providers to work together toward the development of individualized care,” through research, technologies, and policies (President Obama, 2015). Precision Medicine (PM), in the form of genomics, offers unprecedented promise of providing new tools for improving health and reducing the burden of diseases, not just for the U.S. - but also globally. According to World Health Organization, genomics research and precision medicine will play a major part in …
The Ethical Challenge Of Conflicts Of Interest In Healthcare, Fahad Alhazmi
The Ethical Challenge Of Conflicts Of Interest In Healthcare, Fahad Alhazmi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Conflicts of interest are prevalent across all walks of society, and unfortunately, the healthcare industry is not immune to these impediments. Conflicts of interest arise when the objective of upholding a patients’ interest collide with the physicians’ secondary goals and is mostly but not always related to monetary gain.
To avoid conflict of interest, it is advisable for medical practitioners to weigh the pros and cons that their actions would inflict. Medical practices whose benefits outweigh the associated risks are ethically upright hence avoid conflict of interest.
Each section proposes solutions for the conflicts of interest encountered at the disparate …
Faculty Socialization Of Graduate Students’ Attitudes And Perceptions Toward The Irb, Elisa Jolls
Faculty Socialization Of Graduate Students’ Attitudes And Perceptions Toward The Irb, Elisa Jolls
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Graduate student mistrust and fear of the institutional review board (IRB) is an issue that is commonly encountered at academic institutions. Research has shown that students emulate and are vulnerable to assuming the norms of faculty, which is supported by research that shows that students who have difficult relationships with the IRB often have faculty mentors who also have difficult relationships with the IRB. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore how novice researchers’ perceptions of the IRB changed through their research submission and IRB interactions required during the IRB approval process, as well as to identify …
Behind The Mask Of Morality: (E)Urochristian Bioethics And The Colonial-Racial Discourse, Jennifer L. Mccurdy
Behind The Mask Of Morality: (E)Urochristian Bioethics And The Colonial-Racial Discourse, Jennifer L. Mccurdy
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The discipline of bioethics is insufficient and ineffective in addressing the persistent issues of racism and racial inequalities in healthcare. A minority of bioethicists are indeed attentive to issues such as implicit bias, structural racism, power inequalities, and the social determinants of health. Yet, these efforts do not consider the colonial-racial discourse -- that racism is an instrument of eurochristian colonialism, and bioethics is a product of that same colonial worldview. Exposing mainstream bioethicists to the work of anti-colonial scholars and activists would provide bioethicists a framework through which they would be better equipped to address issues of race through: …
Key Components For An Ethics Consultation Curriculum, Joseph Bertino
Key Components For An Ethics Consultation Curriculum, Joseph Bertino
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Due to a lack of formal credentials for clinical ethics consultants, the professionalization of clinical ethics as a normative discipline in contemporary American health care is diminished amongst other health care professionals. While medical specialties, organizational leadership positions, and other miscellaneous health care occupations possess governing bodies that posit credentials that justify these roles, clinical ethics consultants lack a standard of competence. While this gap has been temporarily reconciled by individual employer criteria, a national standard that attempts to educate and demonstrate a clinical ethicist’s abilities does not exist. Still, various attempts have been made to establish a certification program …