Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Effects Of Exosomal Derived Tsg-6 On Microglia Activation, Jonathan A. Martinez, Rajashekhar Gangaraju Md

Longitudinal Scholar's Project

Following a traumatic brain injury, microglia become overactive for long periods and display pathologic behavior. We have shown that concentrated conditioned media from adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-CCM) can suppress microglial activation. In this pilot study, we evaluated the efficacy of exosomes containing TNF-stimulated gene 6 (TSG6) derived from MSC-CCM on decreasing microglial activation in vitro via phagocytic activity and pro-inflammatory microglial gene expression.

Outcomes Of A Modification Of The Brain Injury Guidelines (Big) On Resource Utilization And Its Impact On Outcomes, Jay Getzinger, Alison Karadjoff Do, Alita Pitogo, Samantha Tarras Md Facs

Medical Student Research Symposium

Background:

Brain injury guidelines (BIG) were developed to classify traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients and identify those that did not require ICU admission. Our aim was to implement our modified BIG (mBIG) in hopes of decreasing use of ICU beds for small TBI hemorrhages without compromising outcomes.

Methods:

Our mBIG protocol was implemented in January 2021 at Detroit Receiving Hospital with patients classified per the Table. Concurrent and retrospective data collected included demographics, ICU admission, outcomes, head CT scans and need for neurosurgical intervention. One-way ANOVA and chi-squared analysis were used with a p-value of ≤0.05 being significant.

Results:

125 …

Age-Dependent White Matter Disruptions After Military Traumatic Brain Injury: Multivariate Analysis Results From Enigma Brain Injury, Heather C. Bouchard, Delin Sun, Emily L. Dennis, Mary R. Newsome, Seth G. Disner, Jeremy Elman, Annelise Silva, Carmen Velez, Andrei Irimia, Nicholas D. Davenport, Scott R. Sponheim, Carol E. Franz, William S. Kremen, Michael J. Coleman, M. Wright Williams, Elbert Geuze, Inga K. Koerte, Martha E. Shenton, Maheen M. Adamson, Raul Coimbra, Gerald Grant, Lori Shutter, Mark S. George, Ross D. Zafonte, Thomas W. Mcallister, Murray B. Stein, Paul M. Thompson, Elisabeth A. Wilde, David F. Tate, Aristeidis Sotiras, Rajendra A. Morey

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty and Staff Publications

Mild Traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a signature wound in military personnel, and repetitive mTBI has been linked to age-related neurogenerative disorders that affect white matter (WM) in the brain. However, findings of injury to specific WM tracts have been variable and inconsistent. This may be due to the heterogeneity of mechanisms, etiology, and comorbid disorders related to mTBI. Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is a data-driven approach that detects covarying patterns (components) within high-dimensional data. We applied NMF to diffusion imaging data from military Veterans with and without a self-reported TBI history. NMF identified 12 independent components derived from fractional …

The Role Of Reported Affective Symptoms And Anxiety In Recovery Trajectories After Sport-Related Concussion, Bernadette A. D'Alonzo, Abigail C. Bretzin, Douglas J. Wiebe, Ivy League–Big Ten Epidemiology Of Concussion Study Investigators, Arthur C. Maerlender, Cary R. Savage

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty and Staff Publications

Background: There is growing awareness and clinical interest in athletes with affective symptoms after sport-related concussion (SRC), as these symptoms may contribute to overall symptoms and represent a modifiable risk factor of longer recovery. However, evidence of their effects on the entire return-to-play (RTP) trajectory, particularly among women and men, is limited.

Purpose/Hypothesis: To examine the relationship between affective symptom reporting and RTP progression after SRC among a cohort of Division 1 student-athletes. We hypothesized that those endorsing affective symptoms, specifically nervous-anxious symptoms, spend more time in RTP progression and recovery.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods: …

Developing Methods To Detect And Diagnose Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy During Life: Rationale, Design, And Methodology For The Diagnose Cte Research Project, Jeffrey Cummings, Numerous Authors, See Full List Below

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease that has been neuropathologically diagnosed in brain donors exposed to repetitive head impacts, including boxers and American football, soccer, ice hockey, and rugby players. CTE cannot yet be diagnosed during life. In December 2015, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke awarded a seven-year grant (U01NS093334) to fund the “Diagnostics, Imaging, and Genetics Network for the Objective Study and Evaluation of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (DIAGNOSE CTE) Research Project.” The objectives of this multicenter project are to: develop in vivo fluid and neuroimaging biomarkers for CTE; characterize its clinical presentation; refine …

Physiological Response And Tissue Damage Following Different Depths Of Impact In A Rodent Model Of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, Haven K. Predale, Christopher P. Knapp, Barry D. Waterhouse, Rachel L. Navarra

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a serious public health concern that can result in significant neurological and behavioral deficit. mTBI results from impact to the head and can be repetitive in nature, especially in sports and domestic violence cases. Our laboratory studies the effects of repetitive mTBI on risky choice behavior in rodents using a closed-head controlled cortical impact (CH-CCI) model of injury and a well-established probabilistic discounting task that assesses risk-based decision-making behavior. We have recently found that females, but not males, display transient increases in risky choice behavior following three CH-CI’s delivered at 5.5m/s velocity and 2.5 …

A Single-Center Comparison Using Exoskeleton Rehabilitation For Cerebrovascular Accidents And Traumatic Brain Injury In A Cohort Of Hispanic Patients, Lisa R. Trevino, Kristina Vatcheva, Michael E. Auer, Angela Morales, Lama M. Abdurrahman, Sarajova Viswamitra, Annelyn Torres-Reveron

School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of disability in the United States. The EKSO GT Bionics® (EKSO®) is a robotic exoskeleton approved by the Federal Drug Administration (FDA) for rehabilitation following a cerebrovascular accident (CVA or stroke) and recently received approval for use in patients with TBI. The aim of the study was to examine if the use of exoskeleton rehabilitation in patients with TBI will produce beneficial outcomes.

Methods This retrospective chart-review reports the use of the (EKSO®) robotic device in the rehabilitation of patients with TBI compared to patients with CVA. We utilized …

Conjugated Linoleic Acid Administration Induces Amnesia In Male Sprague Dawley Rats And Exacerbates Recovery From Functional Deficits Induced By A Controlled Cortical Impact Injury, Rastafa I. Gedde, Kentaro Hayashi, Quinn Bongers, Marlyse Wehber, Icelle M. Anderson, Alex D. Jansen, Chase Nier, Emily Fares, Gabrielle Farquhar, Amita Kapoor, Toni E. Ziegler, Sivan Vadakkadath Meethal, Ian M. Bird, Craig S. Atwood

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids like conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) are required for normal neural development and cognitive function and have been ascribed various beneficial functions. Recently, oral CLA also has been shown to increase testosterone (T) biosynthesis, which is known to diminish traumatic brain injury (TBI)-induced neuropathology and reduce deficits induced by stroke in adult rats. To test the impact of CLA on cognitive recovery following a TBI, 5–6 month old male Sprague Dawley rats received a focal injury (craniectomy + controlled cortical impact (CCI; n = 17)) or Sham injury (craniectomy alone; n = 12) and were injected with …

Assessment Of Three Acute Responses To Traumatic Brain Injury, Shoshana Fireworker

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Traumatic brain injury has a devastating effect on millions worldwide each year. As yet, there are no methods which have been proven to improve recovery from the trauma. Current treatment protocols revolve around reducing secondary insult, such as hypoxia, hypotension, and cerebral edema, which raises intracranial pressure. The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of three responses to traumatic brain injury. Two of them, the administration of hypertonic saline and the administration of progesterone, are pharmacologic, while the third, the performance of a decompressive craniectomy, is surgically invasive. A number of original studies have been analyzed to …

Can Helmet Design Reduce The Risk Of Concussion In Football?, Steven Rowson, Stefan M. Duma, Richard M. Greenwald, Jonathan Beckwith, Jeffrey J. Chu, Kevin M. Guskiewicz, Jason P. Mihalik, Joe Crisco, Bethany J. Wilcox, Thomas W. Mcallister, Arthur C. Maerlender, Steven P. Broglio, Brock Schnebel, Scott Anderson, P. Gunnar Brolinson

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty and Staff Publications

Of all sports, football accounts for the highest incidence of concussion in the US due to the large number of athletes participating and the nature of the sport. While there is general agreement that concussion incidence can be reduced through rule changes and teaching proper tackling technique, there remains debate as to whether helmet design may also reduce the incidence of concussion. A retrospective analysis was performed of head impact data collected from 1833 collegiate football players who were instrumented with helmet-mounted accelerometer arrays for games and practices. Data were collected between 2005 and 2010 from 8 collegiate football teams: …

A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Software Comparison And Between Control Subjects And Subjects With Known Anatomical Diagnosis, Michael C. Moore

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method that produces in vivo images of biological tissues weighted with the local micro-structural characteristics of water diffusion. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), a form of DWI, is useful when a tissue, such as the neural axons of white matter in the brain, has an internal fibrous structure that allows water to diffuse more rapidly in alignment with the fibers. Changes in the water diffusion pattern indicate changes in the fiber structure which can result from damage to the fibers. Measurements of the water diffusion patterns include overall diffusivity, Apparent Diffusion …