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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Intrinsic Challenges In Ancient Microbiome Reconstruction Using 16s Rrna Gene Amplification, Kirsten Ziesemer, Allison Mann, Krithivasan Sankaranarayanan, Hannes Schroeder, Andrew T. Ozga, Bernd W. Brandt, Egija Zaura, Andrea Waters-Rist, Menno Hoogland, Domingo C. Salazar-Garcia, Mark Aldenderfer, Camilla Speller, Jessica Hendy, Darlene A. Weston, Sandy J. Macdonald, Gavin H. Thomas, Matthew J. Collins, Cecil M. Lewis Jr., Corinne Hofman, Christina Warinner
Intrinsic Challenges In Ancient Microbiome Reconstruction Using 16s Rrna Gene Amplification, Kirsten Ziesemer, Allison Mann, Krithivasan Sankaranarayanan, Hannes Schroeder, Andrew T. Ozga, Bernd W. Brandt, Egija Zaura, Andrea Waters-Rist, Menno Hoogland, Domingo C. Salazar-Garcia, Mark Aldenderfer, Camilla Speller, Jessica Hendy, Darlene A. Weston, Sandy J. Macdonald, Gavin H. Thomas, Matthew J. Collins, Cecil M. Lewis Jr., Corinne Hofman, Christina Warinner
Biology Faculty Articles
To date, characterization of ancient oral (dental calculus) and gut (coprolite) microbiota has been primarily accomplished through a metataxonomic approach involving targeted amplification of one or more variable regions in the 16S rRNA gene. Specifically, the V3 region (E. coli341–534) of this gene has been suggested as an excellent candidate for ancient DNA amplification and microbial community reconstruction. However, in practice this metataxonomic approach often produces highly skewed taxonomic frequency data. In this study, we use non-targeted (shotgun metagenomics) sequencing methods to better understand skewed microbial profiles observed in four ancient dental calculus specimens previously analyzed by amplicon …
A Lion Lentivirus Related To Feline Immunodeficiency Virus: Epidemiologic And Phylogenetic Aspects, Eric W. Brown, Naoya Yuhki, Craig Packer, Stephen J. O'Brien
A Lion Lentivirus Related To Feline Immunodeficiency Virus: Epidemiologic And Phylogenetic Aspects, Eric W. Brown, Naoya Yuhki, Craig Packer, Stephen J. O'Brien
Biology Faculty Articles
Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is a novel lentivirus that is genetically homologous and functionally analogous to the human AIDS viruses, human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2. FIV causes immunosuppression in domestic cats by destroying the CD4 T-lymphocyte subsets in infected hosts. A serological survey of over 400 free-ranging African and Asian lions (Panthera leo) for antibodies to FIV revealed endemic lentivirus prevalence with an incidence of seropositivity as high as 90%o. A lion lentivirus (FIV-Ple) was isolated by infection of lion lymphocytes in vitro. Seroconversion was documented in two Serengeti lions, and discordance of mother-cub serological status …
Phylogenetic Associations Of Human And Simian T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphotropic Virus Type I Strains: Evidence For Interspecies Transmission, Igor J. Koralnik, Enzo Boeri, W. Carl Saxinger, Anita Lo Monico, Jake Fullen, Antoine Gessain, Hong-Guang Guo, Robert C. Gallo, Phillip Markham, Vaniambadi Kalyanaraman, Vanessa Hirsch, Jonathan Allan, Krishna Murthy, Patricia Alford, Jill Pecon-Slattery, Stephen J. O'Brien, Genoveffa Ranchini
Phylogenetic Associations Of Human And Simian T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphotropic Virus Type I Strains: Evidence For Interspecies Transmission, Igor J. Koralnik, Enzo Boeri, W. Carl Saxinger, Anita Lo Monico, Jake Fullen, Antoine Gessain, Hong-Guang Guo, Robert C. Gallo, Phillip Markham, Vaniambadi Kalyanaraman, Vanessa Hirsch, Jonathan Allan, Krishna Murthy, Patricia Alford, Jill Pecon-Slattery, Stephen J. O'Brien, Genoveffa Ranchini
Biology Faculty Articles
Homologous env sequences from 17 human T-leukemia/lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) strains from throughout the world and from 25 simian T-leukemia/lymphotropic virus type I (STLV-I) strains from 12 simian species in Asia and Africa were analyzed in a phylogenetic context as an approach to resolving the natural history of these related retroviruses. STLV-I exhibited greater overall sequence variation between strains (1 to 18% compared with 0 to 9% for HTLV-I), supporting the simian origin of the modern viruses in all species. Three HTLV-I phylogenetic clusters or clades (cosmopolitan, Zaire, and Melanesia) were resolved with phenetic, parsimony, and likelihood analytical procedures. …
Worldwide Prevalence Of Lentivirus Infection In Wild Feline Species: Epidemiologic And Phylogenetic Aspects, Robert A. Olmstead, Raymond Langley, Melody E. Roelke, Robert M. Goeken, Diane Adger-Johnson, Julie P. Goff, John P. Albert, Craig Packer, M. Karen Laurenson, Tim M. Caro, Lue Scheepers, David E. Wildt, Mitchell Bush, Janice S. Martenson, Stephen J. O'Brien
Worldwide Prevalence Of Lentivirus Infection In Wild Feline Species: Epidemiologic And Phylogenetic Aspects, Robert A. Olmstead, Raymond Langley, Melody E. Roelke, Robert M. Goeken, Diane Adger-Johnson, Julie P. Goff, John P. Albert, Craig Packer, M. Karen Laurenson, Tim M. Caro, Lue Scheepers, David E. Wildt, Mitchell Bush, Janice S. Martenson, Stephen J. O'Brien
Biology Faculty Articles
The natural occurrence of lentiviruses closely related to feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) in nondomestic felid species is shown here to be worldwide. Cross-reactive antibodies to FIV were common in several free-ranging populations of large cats, including East African lions and cheetahs of the Serengeti ecosystem and in puma (also called cougar or mountain lion) populations throughout North America. Infectious puma lentivirus (PLV) was isolated from several Florida panthers, a severely endangered relict puma subspecies inhabiting the Big Cypress Swamp and Everglades ecosystems in southern Florida. Phylogenetic analysis of PLV genomic sequences from disparate geographic isolates revealed appreciable divergence from domestic …