Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
- Institution
- Publication
- Publication Type
Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Mechanisms Of Arsenic Detoxification And Resistance, Jitesh Kannan Pillai
Mechanisms Of Arsenic Detoxification And Resistance, Jitesh Kannan Pillai
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Arsenic is a ubiquitous environmental toxic substance. As a consequence of continual exposure to arsenic, nearly every organism, from Escherichia coli to humans have evolved arsenic detoxification pathways. One of the pathways is extrusion of arsenic from inside the cells, thereby conferring resistance. The R773 arsRDABC operon in E. coli encodes an ArsAB efflux pump that confers resistance to arsenite. ArsA is the catalytic subunit of the pump, while ArsB forms the oxyanion conducting pathway. ArsD is an arsenite metallochaperone that binds arsenite and transfers it to ArsA. The interaction of ArsA and ArsD allows for resistance to As(III) at …
Oxidative Dna Damage Modulates Trinucleotide Repeat Instability Via Dna Base Excision Repair, Meng Xu
Oxidative Dna Damage Modulates Trinucleotide Repeat Instability Via Dna Base Excision Repair, Meng Xu
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Trinucleotide repeat (TNR) expansion is the cause of more than 40 types of human neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington’s disease. Recent studies have linked TNR expansion with oxidative DNA damage and base excision repair (BER). In this research, we provided the first evidence that oxidative DNA damage can induce CAG repeat deletion/contraction via BER. We found that BER of an oxidized DNA base lesion, 8-oxoguanine in a CAG repeat tract, resulted in the formation of a CTG hairpin at the template strand. DNA polymerase β (pol b) then skipped over the hairpin creating a 5’-flap that was cleaved by flap …
Biophysical And Structural Characterization Of Nuclear Hormone Receptors, Mark Remec
Biophysical And Structural Characterization Of Nuclear Hormone Receptors, Mark Remec
Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects
No abstract provided.
Influence Of Stand Composition On Soil Organic Carbon Stabilization And Biochemistry In Aspen And Conifer Forests Of Utah, Mercedes Román Dobarco
Influence Of Stand Composition On Soil Organic Carbon Stabilization And Biochemistry In Aspen And Conifer Forests Of Utah, Mercedes Román Dobarco
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Social concern about climate change and the elevated level of atmospheric CO2 demands understanding carbon (C) storage and dynamics in forest soils, especially since soils are the largest C reservoir in terrestrial ecosystems, storing two thirds of total C. Quacking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) is an iconic species in western United States that offers multiple ecosystem services, such as habitat and forage for wildlife and cattle, biodiversity, water yield, and C storage. A decline in quaking aspen cover has been documented during the last decades, possibly due to fire suppression and ungulate browsing. A shift from aspen- to conifer-dominated …
Genome Wide Association Mapping Of Grain Arsenic, Copper, Molybdenum And Zinc In Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Grown At Four International Field Sites, Gareth J. Norton, Alex Douglas, Brett Lahner, Elena Yakubova, Mary Lou Guerinot, Shannon R.M Pinson, Lee Tarpley, George C. Eizenga, Steve P. Mcgrath, Fang-Jie Zhao
Genome Wide Association Mapping Of Grain Arsenic, Copper, Molybdenum And Zinc In Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Grown At Four International Field Sites, Gareth J. Norton, Alex Douglas, Brett Lahner, Elena Yakubova, Mary Lou Guerinot, Shannon R.M Pinson, Lee Tarpley, George C. Eizenga, Steve P. Mcgrath, Fang-Jie Zhao
Dartmouth Scholarship
The mineral concentrations in cereals are important for human health, especially for individuals who consume a cereal subsistence diet. A number of elements, such as zinc, are required within the diet, while some elements are toxic to humans, for example arsenic. In this study we carry out genome-wide association (GWA) mapping of grain concentrations of arsenic, copper, molybdenum and zinc in brown rice using an established rice diversity panel of ~300 accessions and 36.9 k single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The study was performed across five environments: one field site in Bangladesh, one in China and two in the US, with …
Role Of Mtorc1 And Autophagy In The Regulation Of Chemoresistance In Leukemic B-Cells, Arishya Sharma
Role Of Mtorc1 And Autophagy In The Regulation Of Chemoresistance In Leukemic B-Cells, Arishya Sharma
ETD Archive
Deregulated mTORC1 contributes to tumorigenesis and chemoresistance. However, mTORC1-specific inhibitors (rapalogs) show modest efficacy in the clinic, as they unleash the feedback inhibition on upstream, prosurvival pathways. An alternative approach is to target downstream functions of mTORC1. We investigated acquired resistance to fludarabine (Flu), a purine analog, active agent for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Elevated phospho-p70S6k (T389), an mTORC1 activation marker, predicted Flu resistance in a panel of B-cell tumor lines, and primary CLL cells. However, the rapalogs induced moderate cell death in Flu-resistant (FluR) and primary CLL cells. Activation of oncogenic pathways, including mTORC1, induces profound metabolic reprogramming to …
Combinatorial Activation Of Stat3 By Egf And Thrombin In Endothelial Cells, Matthew S. Waitkus
Combinatorial Activation Of Stat3 By Egf And Thrombin In Endothelial Cells, Matthew S. Waitkus
ETD Archive
Endothelial cells line the luminal surface of blood vessels and form a regulatory interface between the bloodstream and underlying tissues. The endothelium responds to diverse, and potentially conflicting, environmental signals to regulate vessel growth, leukocyte adhesion, thrombogenicity, and vascular tone. Signaling pathways may interact, or "crosstalk," in combinatorial signaling environments to enable cells to process disparate extracellular information at downstream signaling nodes and formulate appropriate biological responses based on combinations of extracellular stimuli. We have reported that simultaneous stimulation of endothelial cells with EGF and thrombin synergistically induces expression of immediate early genes (IEGs) associated with growth and angiogenesis. We …
Conformational Regulation Of Membrane Localization And Activation Of Talin, Pallavi Dwivedi
Conformational Regulation Of Membrane Localization And Activation Of Talin, Pallavi Dwivedi
ETD Archive
Talin is a cytosolic protein which is known to be one of the key players involved in integrin mediated cell adhesion dependent processes, including blood coagulation, and tissue remodeling. It connects the extracellular matrix with the actin cytoskeleton. Talin comprises of a head domain (talin-H) and a rod domain (talin-R). Talin-H is further subdivided in F0, F1, F2 and F3 domains. Talin-R contains 13 contiguous helical bundle domains (R1-R13) followed by an actin binding dimerization domain (DD). The F3 domain contains a key integrin binding site that regulates integrin activation. In our previous studies, we have shown that cytosolic talin …