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Articles 1 - 13 of 13
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Color Vision And Signal Color Evolution In Anolis Lizards, Catherine S. Wadman
Color Vision And Signal Color Evolution In Anolis Lizards, Catherine S. Wadman
Honors Theses
Anolis is a diverse genus of small arboreal lizards that utilize a visual communication system using a colorful expandable throat-fan (dewlap). They signal either to attract females or repel males. The environment the lizard lives in has influenced the coloring of these dewlaps. Species that occupy shaded habitats tend to have yellow dewlaps while those that inhabit brighter habitats tend to have red dewlaps. In experiment 1 we used a color perception assay to test whether a red or yellow stimulus against a green background was more visible to the lizard under different light intensities mimicking a dewlap appearing in …
Caveolin Binding Motif Mutation Yields A Variance In Follicle Stimulating Hormone Receptor Signaling, Justin Fleischer
Caveolin Binding Motif Mutation Yields A Variance In Follicle Stimulating Hormone Receptor Signaling, Justin Fleischer
Honors Theses
The human follicle stimulating hormone receptor (hFSHR) is a glycoprotein hormone receptor belonging to the g protein-coupled receptor family. It is important in both male and female reproductive processes; defects in hFSHR can lead to infertility, delayed puberty, reduced muscle bulk, and osteoporosis. Work in other labs has shown that GPCRs can be localized to microdomains located within the cell membrane called lipid rafts. These regions are highly resistant to detergents because of the high concentration of sphingolipids and cholesterol. Also within these domains, an intracellular protein, caveolin, is present. Our lab has shown that hFSHR also localizes to lipid …
The Linkage Between Hpa Axis Dysregulation And Metabolic Syndrome, Brianna Godlewski
The Linkage Between Hpa Axis Dysregulation And Metabolic Syndrome, Brianna Godlewski
Honors Theses
A diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome (MSX) requires patients to present with three or more of the following symptoms: elevated fasting blood glucose levels, elevated serum triglyceride levels, low serum HDL levels, elevated blood pressure, and truncal obesity. This pathology shares many similarities with Cushing’s Syndrome (CS) but a diagnosis of CS requires hypercortisolemia. This similarity has led our lab and others to hypothesize that MSX may be a Cushingoid-like state caused by hypersensitivity of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a nuclear hormone receptor that is activated when cortisol binds, and or hyperactivity of the enzyme 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11?- HSD) type 1, …
Development Of Novel Allele Specific Pcr Based Assays To Investigate The Contribution Of Cortisol To Metabolic Syndrome And It's Potential Implications In Depression Treatment, Justin Robert Salm
Development Of Novel Allele Specific Pcr Based Assays To Investigate The Contribution Of Cortisol To Metabolic Syndrome And It's Potential Implications In Depression Treatment, Justin Robert Salm
Honors Theses
The shared circuitries of depression and the stress response, regulated by the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis, implies that major depression may reflect dysregulations of the HPA axis. Previous studies find that that melancholic depression is accompanied by hyperactive HPA activity, anxiety, insomnia etc. Adversely, patients with atypical depression present CRH deficiency accompanied by lethargy and fatigue. According to the corticosteroid receptor hypothesis, HPA axis dysregulation that causes these variable phenotypic depressive moods may be attributed to defective GR expression or function. Multiple GR polymorphisms that could impact its expression or function have been identified. Due to limitations, it was not feasible …
Neuropsychological Test Performance In Pediatric Tbi, Learning Disability, And Adhd: Difference In Reliable Digit Span, Emily West
Honors Theses
Children have been found to give non-credible performances on neuropsychological evaluations and using Performance Validity Tests (PVT) can help identify such cases, but maximum effort is necessary for tests to be reliable for determining next steps. This study assessed the differences in rates of non-credible performance on the Reliable Digit Span (RDS) between traumatic brain injury (TBI), learning disability (LD) and ADHD diagnoses in a pediatric clinical sample. It was hypothesized that those with ADHD would have a higher failure rate than those with either TBI or LD. RDS data from 200 clients referred to neuropsychological testing agencies were collected …
A Systematic Investigation Of The Effects Of Chain Length And Ionic Head Group On Perfluoroalkyl Acid Binding To Human Serum Albumin, Jake Ulrich
Honors Theses
Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are industrial chemicals used in everyday products ranging from non-stick coatings to fire-fighting foam. PFAAs are contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) and are bioaccumulative, persistent and toxic. Unlike other CECs, PFAAs bioaccumulate in areas of high protein concentration, such as the kidneys, liver and blood; therefore, it is vital to study PFAA-protein interactions. Human Serum Albumin (HSA) is the model protein used for PFAA-protein studies because it is the most abundant protein in the human body and it binds and transports endogenous and exogenous ligands. Previously, researchers have investigated PFAA-HSA binding, but most of these studies have …
Interactive Physical And Cognitive Exercise System (Ipaces™): The Neuropsychological Effects For Youth On The Autism Spectrum, Michaela Haller
Interactive Physical And Cognitive Exercise System (Ipaces™): The Neuropsychological Effects For Youth On The Autism Spectrum, Michaela Haller
Honors Theses
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects 1 in 68 children in the United States (Center for Disease Control, 2016). The disorder is characterized by deficits in social interaction, verbal communication, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors (DSM- V, 2013). While the apparent cause of ASD is biological, the diagnosis remains based on social deficits (Hapé & Frith, 1996). Exercise has been found to improve executive function for children with an Autism Spectrum Disorder, but motivation is an issue and exergames hold promise. This pilot study evaluated an interactive Physical and Cognitive Exercise System (iPACES™), wherein children pedal …
Fitness And Exercise As Linked To Overall Stress And Physiological Stress Responses, Justine Monthony
Fitness And Exercise As Linked To Overall Stress And Physiological Stress Responses, Justine Monthony
Honors Theses
Exercise negatively correlates with physiological stress responses, but there is less research on short-term stress hormones for this response. For this thesis, I hypothesized that exercise and fitness levels would be negatively correlated with perceived stress and with physiological stress from a standard stressor. Undergraduate college participants reported their chronic stress, current mood, past week’s physical activity (amount and intensity), perceived physical fitness, and demographic characteristics. Participants also engaged in a social stress task, on which they had limited time to prepare a speech with no notice or resources that was given in front of peers who were ostensibly analyzing …
An Investigation In Negative Transfer: Theory Of Inhibition, Neel Patel
An Investigation In Negative Transfer: Theory Of Inhibition, Neel Patel
Honors Theses
Campbell and Robert (2012) found that numerical addition practice led to negative transfer on a subsequent test of numerical multiplication. Alternatively Rickard et al (2011) found negative transfer for numerical addition when participants were tested on an intermixed set of addition and subtractions problems after first practicing addition and then practicing subtraction. The present study sought to assess negative transfer by practicing participants with alphabet addition verification problems and testing the performance on alphabet multiplication verification. Ninety-five participants were split into 4 groups and given varying number of days of practice. During the test phase some multiplication verification problems included …
Quantification Of Hfshr Signaling To Determine Lipid Raft Residency, Gregory Geisel
Quantification Of Hfshr Signaling To Determine Lipid Raft Residency, Gregory Geisel
Honors Theses
Human follicle stimulating hormone (hFSH) is a gonadotropin responsible for regulating reproductive systems by stimulation of Sertoli cells in males and granulosa cells in females. The hFSH receptor (hFSHR) is a seven transmembrane receptor that belongs to the G protein coupled receptor family. The receptor is functionally connected to a G protein on the inside of the cell. Once FSH activates its receptor, a cascade of signaling begins, resulting in the activation of adenylyl cyclase, which increases the intracellular levels of cAMP. In addition, hFSHR stimulation also activates the p44/42 MAP kinase. The spike in cAMP activates the enzyme protein …
Use Of Crispr To Develop A Follicle Stimulating Hormone Receptor Knockout In Human Granulosa Cells To Study Lipid Raft Residency, Jenna Pradhuman
Use Of Crispr To Develop A Follicle Stimulating Hormone Receptor Knockout In Human Granulosa Cells To Study Lipid Raft Residency, Jenna Pradhuman
Honors Theses
Human follicle stimulating hormone (hFSH) is a protein hormone responsible for stimulating the gonads and is necessary for regulating reproductive systems in both females and males. The actions of hFSh are carried out by the hFSH receptor (hFSHR), a seven transmembrane receptor that belongs to the G protein-coupled receptor family. Once FSH activates its receptor, the G protein inside the cell that is associated with the receptor is activated and starts a cascade of signaling that results in activation of protein kinase A (PKA) and the p44/42 MAP kinase (MAPK). The activation of these secondary proteins is responsible for follicular …
Biomarkers And Neuropsychological Change: A Pilot Study Of Three Months Of The Interactive Physical And Cognitive Exercise System (Ipaces™) For Older Adults, Jessica Stark
Honors Theses
The current pilot study of the interactive Physical and Cognitive Exercise System (iPACES™) examined the relationship between biomarkers and cognitive change over three months of neuroexergaming, wherein older adults pedaled and steered along a virtual bike path to complete a list of errands (Memory Lane™). Executive function and saliva were measured at baseline, mid (6-week), and three months. Results revealed moderate to large correlations between executive function and salivary biomarkers cortisol, BDNF, and IGF1. These findings suggest that neuroexergaming interventions such as iPACES™ may impact both cognitive and neurobiological pathways and perhaps could be an effective way to promote healthy …
Investigating The Relationship Between Invasive Garlic Mustard Alliaria Petiolata And Blacklegged Ticks Ixodes Scapularis, Nicole Shauffer
Investigating The Relationship Between Invasive Garlic Mustard Alliaria Petiolata And Blacklegged Ticks Ixodes Scapularis, Nicole Shauffer
Honors Theses
Garlic mustard Alliaria petiolata is an invasive herb that has been studied for its chemical allelopathy ability to hinder plant growth of its competitors and potential to inhibit entomopathogenic fungi. It has been suggested that these fungi which infect and kill insects and arthropods like blacklegged ticks Ixodes scapularis may be negatively impacted by garlic mustard presence. This study investigated the potential relationship between garlic mustard and blacklegged tick populations through two experiments. One experiment measured the effect of garlic mustard soil and leaf extract on waxworm survival where waxworms were used as a bioassay for the presence of fungi. …