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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Transactional Skew And Assured Fitness Return Models Fail To Predict Patterns Of Cooperation In Wasps, Peter Nonacs, Aviva Liebert, Philip Starks
Transactional Skew And Assured Fitness Return Models Fail To Predict Patterns Of Cooperation In Wasps, Peter Nonacs, Aviva Liebert, Philip Starks
Aviva E Liebert
Cooperative breeders often exhibit reproductive skew, where dominant individuals reproduce more than subordinates. Two approaches derived from Hamilton’s inclusive fitness model predict when subordinate behavior is favored over living solitarily. The assured fitness return (AFR) model predicts that subordinates help when they are highly likely to gain immediate indirect fitness. Transactional skew models predict dominants and subordinates “agree” on a level of reproductive skew that induces subordinates to join groups. We show the AFR model to be a special case of transactional skew models that assumes no direct reproduction by subordinates. We use data from 11 populations of four wasp …
Genetic Variation And Inheritance Of Diapause Induction In Two Distinct Voltine Ecotypes Of Ostrinia Nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), Cengis Ikten, Steven R. Skoda, Thomas E. Hunt, Jaime Molina-Ochoa, John E. Foster
Genetic Variation And Inheritance Of Diapause Induction In Two Distinct Voltine Ecotypes Of Ostrinia Nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), Cengis Ikten, Steven R. Skoda, Thomas E. Hunt, Jaime Molina-Ochoa, John E. Foster
John E. Foster
European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), displays a larval diapause in response to short photoperiods and is adapted to a variety of local conditions throughout North America. Hence, the effective photoperiod inducing larval diapause will differ among geographic ecotypes. This study considers the inheritance of photoperiodic larval diapause induction by hybridization and backcrossing two latitudinally distinct ecotypes of the European corn borer collected between 41° N, 96° W and 48° N, 96° W and under a range of photoperiods representative of their respective locations: from 14:10 to 16:8 (L:D) h. The ecotype adapted to a bivoltine habitat (southeastern …