Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Pyrosequencing (4)
- Genome reduction (3)
- Phosphorus (3)
- 454 sequencing (2)
- Bromus tectorum (2)
-
- Genetic map (2)
- SNP (2)
- SNPs (2)
- Trace metals (2)
- Activity areas (1)
- Adsorption (1)
- Allotetraploid (1)
- Amaranthus caudatus L. (1)
- Ammonia (1)
- Apparent competition (1)
- Archaeometry (1)
- Artemisia tridentata (1)
- Astragalus (1)
- Avena (1)
- Bio-Rad (1)
- CDNA (1)
- Centrocercus urophasianus (1)
- Cheatgrass (1)
- Cotton (1)
- Desert soil (1)
- Diet (1)
- EST (1)
- EST assembly (1)
- Ecological genetics (1)
- Elymus elymoides (1)
Articles 1 - 16 of 16
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Geochemical Analysis Of Ancient Activities At Two Plazas In Cobá, Mexico, Eric G. Coronel
Geochemical Analysis Of Ancient Activities At Two Plazas In Cobá, Mexico, Eric G. Coronel
Theses and Dissertations
Two plazas at Cobá, Mexico, may have been the place of market activity during the classic Maya period. The intense decomposition in the warm, moist soils of the Yucatan Peninsula precludes the identification of organic artifacts in archaeological contexts, but phosphorus and trace elements accumulation in soils may provide evidence of marketing activities. The spatial patterns of P and trace element concentrations were used to elucidate the types of ancient Maya activities that took place in those plazas. Phosphorus concentrations are highly correlated (p-value <0.01) with Fe, Mn, and Zn levels in both Plaza B and D. Although the soil geochemistry of Plaza B does not show a marketplace pattern in comparison with previous studies, the elemental concentrations and distributions within Plaza D join other lines of evidence to support the premise that marketplace activities took place at that location. Soil samples were analyzed using DTPA extraction, Mehlich II, Olsen, and Portable X-Ray Fluorescence (PXRF). Experiments were performed to study the suitability of PXRF for field studies. Aspects that were studied include granule size, soil moisture content, protective plastic films that could interfere with the X-Ray signal when placing the samples on top of the analyzer, and a comparison of certified soil standards to the PXRF elemental concentration readings. The results suggest that a field laboratory could be set up to air-dry and sieve soil samples to a minimum mesh size of #10 (> 2 mm).
Seasonal Habitat Selection By Greater Sage Grouse In Strawberry Valley Utah, Riley D. Peck
Seasonal Habitat Selection By Greater Sage Grouse In Strawberry Valley Utah, Riley D. Peck
Theses and Dissertations
This study examined winter habitat use and nesting ecology of greater sage grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) in Strawberry Valley (SV), Utah located in the north-central part of the state. We monitored sage grouse with the aid of radio telemetry throughout the year, but specifically used information from the winter and nesting periods for this study. Our study provided evidence that sage grouse show fidelity to nesting areas in subsequent years regardless of nest success. We found only 57% of our nests located within the 3 km distance from an active lek typically used to delineate critical nesting habitat. We …
Stable Isotope Diet Reconstruction Of Feral Horses (Equus Caballas) On The Sheldon National Wildlife Refuge, Nevada, Usa, Megan Kathleen Nordquist
Stable Isotope Diet Reconstruction Of Feral Horses (Equus Caballas) On The Sheldon National Wildlife Refuge, Nevada, Usa, Megan Kathleen Nordquist
Theses and Dissertations
Feral horse management has become a subject of significant controversy in the United States. This is because of differing opinions and minimal recent empirical data on feral horses. In recent years, numbers of feral horses have increased due to governmental horse removal restrictions (specifically the Wild Horse and Burro act of 1971). With increasing numbers of feral horses on rangelands, land managers are challenged with identifying the appropriate course of action for satisfying groups with differing opinions. The purpose of this study is to characterize diet consumption through the use of stable isotope dietary analysis (δ15N and δ13C). We did …
Scarification And Cultural Practice Of Four Lupine Species Native To The Great Basin, Covy Dennis Jones
Scarification And Cultural Practice Of Four Lupine Species Native To The Great Basin, Covy Dennis Jones
Theses and Dissertations
The Great Basin is North America's largest desert, encompassing 135 million acres. Grazing and other anthropogenic activities in the Great Basin have put heavy demands on the landscape over the last 150 years. Heavily grazed areas lack diversity which allows the spread of exotic weed species. Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L [Poaceae]) has invaded and shortened fire frequency intervals from historic 30—100 years to as few as three to five years. Post-fire reseeding of native species is requisite for restoration of highly invaded ecosystems thus, preventing complete conversion to exotic weeds. Most native shrubs and grasses are available for restoration …
Oat Snp Marker Discovery And Mapping Based On 454 Pyrosequencing Of Genome-Reduced Avena Magna Murphy Et Terrell, Rachel Rebecca Redman
Oat Snp Marker Discovery And Mapping Based On 454 Pyrosequencing Of Genome-Reduced Avena Magna Murphy Et Terrell, Rachel Rebecca Redman
Theses and Dissertations
The size and complexity of the oat genomes (Avena L., x = 7) have made genetic studies, including the discovery of molecular markers, difficult. Recent attention to these species has resulted in the development of many DArT -based markers in the tetraploid A. magna Murphy et Terrill (2n = 28, CCDD genomes), along with numerous RFLP's, SSR's, DArT's, and EST-based SNPs in hexaploid A. sativa L. (2n = 42, AACCDD). Here we report the first SNP markers for tetraploid oat based on genome reduction and high-throughput pyrosequencing in two inbred lines of A. magna: A-169 (wild) and Ba …
Marker Discovery In Allotetraploid Cotton Using 454 Pyrosequencing, Robert L. Byers
Marker Discovery In Allotetraploid Cotton Using 454 Pyrosequencing, Robert L. Byers
Theses and Dissertations
A narrow germplasm base and a complex allotetraploid genome have historically made the discovery of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers difficult in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). We conducted a genome reduction experiment to identify SNPs from two accessions of G. hirsutum and two accessions of G. barbadense. Approximately 2 million sequence reads were assembled into contigs with an N50 of 508 bp and analyzed for SNPs. A total of 11,834 and 1,679 SNPs between the accessions G. hirsutum and G. barbadense, respectively, were identified with highly conservative parameters (a minimum read depth of 8x at each SNP …
Reproductive Success And Soil Seed Bank Characteristics Of Astragalus Ampullarioides And A. Holmgreniorum (Fabaceae): Two Rare Endemics Of Southwestern Utah, Allyson B. Searle
Reproductive Success And Soil Seed Bank Characteristics Of Astragalus Ampullarioides And A. Holmgreniorum (Fabaceae): Two Rare Endemics Of Southwestern Utah, Allyson B. Searle
Theses and Dissertations
Astragalus ampullarioides and A. holmgreniorum are two rare endemics of southwestern Utah. Over two consecutive field seasons (2009-2010) we examined pre-emergent reproductive success, based on F/F and S/O ratios, from populations of both Astragalus ampullarioides and A. holmgreniorum, estimated the density of the soil seed bank of A. holmgreniorum as a measure of potential post-emergent reproductive success, and estimated seed persistence within the soil seed bank. Fruit/flower (F/F) ratios and seed/ovule (S/O) ratios varied significantly between populations and among years in both species, and showed low reproductive output in both taxa. In Astragalus ampullarioides F/F and S/O were 0.06±0.01 …
Evaluating Nutrient Availability In Low Fertility Soils With Resin Capsules And Conventional Soil Tests, Mary Pletsch Jones
Evaluating Nutrient Availability In Low Fertility Soils With Resin Capsules And Conventional Soil Tests, Mary Pletsch Jones
Theses and Dissertations
Commonly used soil analysis and resin capsule procedures are used to assess nutrient status in fertile soils, but their validity in semi-arid ecosystems is unknown. Three studies were performed to assess resin capsule effectiveness in semi-arid ecosystems. An incubation study was completed in which loamy sand and sandy clay loam soils were treated with rates of N, P, Fe and Zn. Each soil treatment was implanted with a resin capsule and incubated for 60 or 120 days. Resin capsules reflected NH4-N and P fertilizer at low rates in the loamy sand. NO3-N reflected rates in both soils, but did not …
Genome Snapshot And Molecular Marker Development In Penstemon (Plantaginaceae), Rhyan B. Dockter
Genome Snapshot And Molecular Marker Development In Penstemon (Plantaginaceae), Rhyan B. Dockter
Theses and Dissertations
Penstemon Mitchell (Plantaginaceae) is one of the largest, most diverse plant genera in North America. Their unique diversity, paired with their drought-tolerance and overall hardiness, give Penstemon a vast amount of potential in the landscaping industry—especially in the more arid western United States where they naturally thrive. In order to develop Penstemon lines for more widespread commercial and private landscaping use, we must improve our understanding of the vast genetic diversity of the genus on a molecular level. In this study we utilize genome reduction and barcoding to optimize 454-pyrosequencing in four target species of Penstemon (P. cyananthus, …
Assessment Of Genetic Diversity Among Peruvian Amaranth (Amaranthus Caudatus L.) Germplasm Using Snp Markers, Felix Ruben Jimenez Rondan
Assessment Of Genetic Diversity Among Peruvian Amaranth (Amaranthus Caudatus L.) Germplasm Using Snp Markers, Felix Ruben Jimenez Rondan
Theses and Dissertations
Amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus L.) is an important pseudocereal in the Andes. The seed has excellent nutritional value (high in protein, essential amino acids, and minerals) and ample capacity for growth in diverse, harsh Andean subsistence-production conditions such as water deficiency, salt stress, and soil mineral nutrient deficiency. The objective of this study was to characterize and quantify the genetic diversity among a series of 178 mostly Peruvian amaranth genotypes using 96 biallelic single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. A total of 96 co-dominant, biallelic markers were developed using KASPar™ assays on a 96.96 Fluidigm EP1 array system. The 178 amaranth genotypes …
Transcriptome Characterization And Polymorphism Detection In Subspecies Of Big Sagebrush (Artemisia Tridentata), Prabin Bajgain
Transcriptome Characterization And Polymorphism Detection In Subspecies Of Big Sagebrush (Artemisia Tridentata), Prabin Bajgain
Theses and Dissertations
Big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) is one of the ecologically most important shrub species in western North America. The species serves as a major source of food and habitat for the near-threatened sage grouse and various other fauna. Habitat loss due to a combination of disturbances followed by establishment of invasive plant species is considered as a serious threat to sustainability of the big sagebrush ecosystem. Because of its importance, restoration of this species is very crucial to those dependent on big sagebrush community. However, restoration of big sagebrush carried out by using diverse seed source can lead to …
Geochemical Analysis Of Ancient Fremont Activity Areas At Wolf Village, Utah, Laura Morrison Pyper
Geochemical Analysis Of Ancient Fremont Activity Areas At Wolf Village, Utah, Laura Morrison Pyper
Theses and Dissertations
There is growing interest in the use of geochemical analyses for the evaluation of anthropogenically altered soils and other archaeological deposits. Areas of human habitation and activity tend to accumulate greater levels of soil phosphorus and trace metals. These elevated concentrations leave permanent signatures that can only be removed by erosion of the soil itself, and so phosphorus and trace metal mapping have become popular field procedures to identify areas of habitation and activity. Gridded soil samples were collected and soil phosphate and trace metal ions were extracted to identify these activity areas at the ancient Fremont site Wolf Village …
Environmental Implications Of Polymer Coated Urea, Joshua James Lemonte
Environmental Implications Of Polymer Coated Urea, Joshua James Lemonte
Theses and Dissertations
Nitrogen is an essential plant nutrient in the biosphere. Although N is necessary and beneficial for life, it is also a common pollutant in the atmosphere and hydrosphere as it may be lost to the atmosphere as ammonia (NH3) or nitrous oxide (N2O) gases or to groundwater as nitrate (NO3-) following fertilization. Polymer coated urea (PCU) is one type of N fertilizer which uses temperature-controlled diffusion to control N release to better match plant demand and mitigate environmental losses of N. The objectives of this project were to simultaneously compare the effects of PCU on gaseous (as N2O and NH3) …
De Novo Genome Assembly And Snp Marker Development Of Pyrenophora Semeniperda, Marcus Makina Soliai
De Novo Genome Assembly And Snp Marker Development Of Pyrenophora Semeniperda, Marcus Makina Soliai
Theses and Dissertations
Pyrenophora semeniperda (anamorph Drechslera campulata) is a necrotrophic fungal seed pathogen of a variety of grass genra and species, including Bromus tectorum, an exotic grass that has invaded many natural ecosystems of the U.S. Intermountain West. As a natural seed pathogen of B. tectorum, P. semeniperda has potential as a biocontrol agent due to its effectiveness at killing dormant B. tectorum seeds; however, few genetic resources exist for this fungus. Here, the genome assembly of a P. semeniperda isolate using 454 GS-FLX genomic and paired-end pyrosequencing techniques is presented. The total assembly is 32.5 Mb and contains …
Usage And Development Of Molecular Markers For Investigation Of The Population And Ecological Genetics Of Bromus Tectorum L., Keith R. Merrill
Usage And Development Of Molecular Markers For Investigation Of The Population And Ecological Genetics Of Bromus Tectorum L., Keith R. Merrill
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis includes two studies: The first examined patterns of neutral genetic diversity within Bromus tectorum L. across the IMW region, and uses patterns of microsatellite (SSR) genotype distribution to make inferences about the respective roles of adaptively significant genetic variation, adaptive phenotypic plasticity, and facultative outcrossing in the ongoing invasion and recent range expansion of B. tectorum. It has been previously demonstrated that, due to extremely low outcrossing rates, it is possible to characterize individual genotypes of this species using four SSR loci. We sampled 20 individuals from each of 96 B. tectorum populations (classified by region and …
Apparent Competition With Bromus Tectorum Through Pyrenophora Semeniperda Reduces Establishment Of Native Grasses, Katherine Temus Merrill
Apparent Competition With Bromus Tectorum Through Pyrenophora Semeniperda Reduces Establishment Of Native Grasses, Katherine Temus Merrill
Theses and Dissertations
Contributing to the success of Bromus tectorum in the Intermountain West may be a mechanism called apparent competition, which occurs when one species increases the pressure of a consumer on a second species. This indirect interaction has been documented only a few times in invasive plant systems, and never in a fungal pathosystem. We examined the effects of the invasive annual Bromus tectorum and predation by the seed pathogen Pyrenophora semeniperda on seedling emergence and survival for two native grasses (Pseudoroegneria spicata and Elymus elymoides), by manipulating B. tectorum densities and P. semeniperda inoculum loads in randomized plots. …