Life Sciences Commons^™

Genetics Of The Interval From Weaning To Estrus In First-Litter Sows: Correlated Responses, J. Ten Napel, T. H. E. Meuwissen, R. K. Johnson, E. W. Brascamp

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The objective of this study was to evaluate relationships between rebreeding performance and growth performance (n = 3,777 gilts) and rebreeding performance and reproductive performance (n = 2,242 sows). Our data were from a selection experiment for shorter intervals from weaning to estrus after the first parity (IWE), involving Dutch Landrace pigs, in which a selection line and a control line without selection were maintained for eight generations. Relationships were evaluated before and after transforming IWE to normal interval (NI; IWE &#; 7 d), prolonged interval (PI; IWE > 7 d), and incidence of a prolonged interval (INC). Heritabilities of NI, …

Mesures Directes Et Modélisation De La Croissance Rapide D'Un Crinoïde Pédonculé Bathyal Au Large Des Bahamas (Direct Measurement And Inferred Model Of Rapid Growth In A Bathyal Stalked Crinoid From Bahamas Islands), Jérôme David, Charles G. Messing, Tomasz K. Baumiller, Nadia Améziane, Michel Roux

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

Several specimens of the isocrinid crinoid Neocrinus decorus were collected from a depth of 420 m off Bahamas Islands with the research submersible Johnson Sea Link. To study growth rates, these specimens were tagged, deployed and then recovered 250 days later. The average growth rate of stalk length is 10.8 cm.year⁻¹ with a maximum value at 14.3 cm.year⁻¹. These results allow us to propose a model of growth and regeneration for stalked crinoids in which the energy allocation is modulated through time to the arms and the stalk. Following arm autotomy, in order to re-establish optimum filtration …

Comparison Of Observed And Simulated Grow-Finish Swine Performance Under Summer Conditions, Larry W. Turner, Thomas C. Bridges, Richard D. Coffey, Richard S. Gates, Gary R. Parker, Tami M. Brown-Brandl, Douglas G. Overhults

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

As a part of a National Pork Producers Council educational program, our research and extension team at the University of Kentucky was linked with an independent commercial swine producer to test the NCPIG model against observed commercial on-farm data. This experience provided improved information for model development as well as increased producer insight into the data input needs and potential benefits of modeling. Detailed production information comparisons between the NCPIG model and producer data are presented for summer time conditions to assess the validity of the NCPIG model for simulation of grow-finish swine performance. Results demonstrated that the NCPIG model …

Parameter Estimates For Direct, Maternal, And Grandmaternal Genetic Effects For Birth Weight And Weaning Weight In Hereford Cattle, J. Dodenhoff, L. Dale Van Vleck, Stephen D. Kachman, R. M. Koch

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Birth and weaning weights adjusted for age of dam from four lines of Hereford cattle were analyzed to determine the relationships among grandmaternal, maternal, and direct genetic effects. Three lines were selected for 1) weaning weight (WWL), 2) yearling weight (YWL), and 3) an index of yearling weight and muscle score (IXL). The fourth line was an unselected control line (CTL). Numbers of observations ranged from 1,699 (CTL) to 2,811 (WWL), and number of animals in the pedigree file ranged from 2,266 to 3,192. Two animal models were used to obtain estimates by REML using an average information method. Model …

Genetic Parameters For Sex-Specific Traits In Beef Cattle, R. K. Splan, Larry V. Cundiff, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Data from 3,593 beef heifers and 4,079 of their steer paternal half-sibs were used to estimate genetic parameters of and among female growth and reproductive traits and male carcass traits. Estimates of heritability for adjusted 205-d weight, adjusted 365-d weight, age at puberty, calving rate, and calving difficulty measured on females were .16, .38, .47, .19, and .18, respectively; estimates for calving rate and calving difficulty were expressed on a normal scale. Estimates of heritability for hot carcass weight; retail product percentage; fat percentage; bone percentage; rib eye area; kidney, pelvic, and heart fat percentage; adjusted fat thickness; marbling score; …

Ammonium And Nitrate Effects On Growth, Development And Nutrient Uptake Of Hydroponic Wheat, Thomas M. Hooten

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The long-term effects of low and high NH₄⁺/ NO₃^- uptake ratios in a system with rigorous control of pH and nitrogen concentration are poorly understood. In two replicate studies, two cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum) were grown to maturity with three NH₄⁺/ NO₃^- ratios in hydroponic solution: 0/100, 25/75, and 85/15%. Nitrogen was controlled at ample levels throughout the 70-d life cycle and pH was controlled at 5.8 ± 0.2. An equimolar ratio of NH₄⁺ to Cl^- was used to facilitate charge balance. Nitrogen consumption …

The Effects Of Retinoic Acids On The Angiogenic Growth Factors Produced By Solid Tumors, Lynn C. Burgess

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

These studies investigated the effects of retinoic acid (RA) on angiogenesis. Three human, neoplastic cell lines were used to examine angiogenic promotion and/or inhibition. The cell lines, U-373MG glioblastoma, DU-145 prostate carcinoma, and TCCSUP bladder transitional cell carcinoma, were treated with the following: all-trans, 9-cis, or 13-cis RA, at doses from 0.0001 to 100 μM. Hypoxia was used to assist the expression of the angiogenic phenotype. Conditioned media (CM) were prepared by growing the tumor cells in the presence of RA and hypoxia for 24 hours, and then the CM was transferred to bovine, capillary endothelial …

Sex Effects On Breed Of Sire Differences For Birth, Weaning, And Yearling Weights, L. Dale Van Vleck, Larry V. Cundiff

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Weights of males and females can be considered to be correlated traits with different averages and variances. This study attempted to determine whether defining traits as expressed in males or in females would change estimates of breed of sire differences needed to calculate across-breed factors for adjustment of within-breed EPD to across-breed EPD. Records from the US Meat Animal Research Center of progeny of Hereford, Angus, and MARC III composite dams mated to 12 sire breeds that had been used to calculate breed of sire adjustments in 1996 were used. Breeds of sire were Hereford, Angus, Shorthorn, Brahman, Simmental, Limousin, …

Comparison Of Sire Breed Solutions For Growth Traits Adjusted By Mean Expected Progeny Differences To A 1993 Base, K. L. Barkhouse, L. Dale Van Vleck, Larry V. Cundiff, D. S. Buchmann, D. M. Marshall

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Records on growth traits were obtained from five Midwestern agricultural experiment stations as part of a beef cattle crossbreeding project (NC-196). Records on birth weight (BWT, n =3,490), weaning weight (WWT, n = 3,237), and yearling weight (YWT, n = 1,372) were analyzed within locations and pooled across locations to obtain estimates of breed of sire differences. Solutions for breed of sire differences were adjusted to the common base year of 1993. Then, factors to use with within-breed expected progeny differences (EPD) to obtain a crossbreed EPD were calculated. These factors were compared with factors obtained from similar analyses of …

The Growth Features Of Tench ( Tinca Tinca L., 1758 ) In The Kesikköprüdam Lake, Ahmet Altindağ, Sibel Yi̇ği̇t, Seyhan Ahiska, Şakir Özkurt

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In this study, the growth properties of tench ( Tinca tincaL., 1758) in the Kesikköprü Dam Lake between April 1995 and March 1996 were studied. In the specimens examined, ages ranged from I-VI in both sexes. The population was 51.43% female and 48.57% male. The fork length and weight in ranged from 16.1 to 41.4 cm and from 85 to 1350 g, respectively, and in males from 15.8 to 40.3 cm and from 83 to 1127 g, respectively. Age-length and age-weight relations were calculated according to the von Bertalanffy growth equation. The following values were obtained for females and males, …

Adding Nutrients To Enhance The Growth Of Endangered Sockeye Salmon: Trophic Transfer In An Oligotrophic Lake, Phaedra E. Budy, Chris Luecke, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Snake River sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka, listed under U.S. law as endangered in 1991 in response to a decline in anadromous adult numbers, spend their first 1–2 years in Redfish Lake, Idaho, before migrating to the sea. To determine how nutrient enhancement might influence phytoplankton, zooplankton, and fish production, we performed fertilization experiments in large enclosures in this oligotrophic lake using juvenile kokanee (lacustrine O. nerka) as analogues for endangered sockeye salmon. Fertilization of the metalimnion substantially increased chlorophyll a (150%), phytoplankton biovolume (75%), primary productivity (250%), and zooplankton biomass (200%), and moderately increased fish growth (12%) over our control …

Effect Of Ignoring Random Sire And Dam Effects On Estimates And Standard Errors Of Breed Comparisons, K. L. Barkhouse, L. Dale Van Vleck, Larry V. Cundiff

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Data were weights of F₁ calves and weaning weights of top-cross progeny from sires and maternal grandsires of 13 breeds. Three analyses were performed on each trait to obtain estimates and standard errors of breed effects needed to calculate across-breed EPD and accuracies. Model (R) for records of F₁ progeny contained fixed effects for birth year and date of birth, sex, age and breed of dam, and breed of sire, and a random residual effect. The second analysis included random effects for sires (RS), and the third analysis included random effects for sires and dams (RSD). In maternal …

G98-1364 Feeding Children Ages 2 To 5, H. Darlene Martin

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide defines nutritional needs and healthy eating patterns for children ages 2 to 5.

Children Grow at Their Own Rate

Children move though growth spurts throughout childhood. Usually, a child will grow about 2 1/2 inches and gain about four or five pounds each year between the ages of 2 and 5. By 15 months old, most children have developed enough fine motor skills to feed themselves without help, if allowed to do so. Appetites vary with young children as well as adults. Parents and caregivers need to help promote a healthy pattern of eating rather than using controlling …

The Effect Of Some Plant Materials On The Grwth And Productivity Ofpleurotus Ostreatus (Jacq. Ex. Fr.) Kum. Var. Salignus (Pers. Ex. Fr.)Konr. Et Maubl., Abdunnasır Yildiz, Ramazan Demi̇r

Turkish Journal of Biology

In this study, the soybean, sorghum, peanut and wheat straw were used as culture media for Pleurotus ostreatus var. salignus. Mycellium growth period, basidiocarp formation period anda first, second, third and fourth harvesting periods were determined as; 10.0, 24.3, 28.6 38.6, 47.3 and 58.6 days respectively as the shortest periods found with peanut straw; and 22.6, 52.6, 56.6, 68.6, 73.6 and 88.6 days respectively, as the longest periods found with sorghum straw. The fresh mushroom yield obtained with 100 g material (70 % moisture) at first, second, third and fourth harwesting periods and total yield was 8.6, 8.1, 4.8, 3.4 …

Studies On Possibility Of Producing High Quality Lambsby Crossbreeding Among Sakız, Kıvırcık Andgerman Black Headed Mutton Sheep, Ahmet Altinel, Mehmet Evri̇m, Mustafa Özcan, Hasan Başpinar, Fazıl Deli̇gözoğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study has been carried out to get more and rapid growing lambs fit for slaughter by crossbreeding Kivircik ewes with Sakiz rams so as to produce F 1 females with high fertility and high milk yield and crossbreeding these F 1 females with German Black Headed Mutton rams. Studies have been carried out at Bandırma Sheep Breeding Research Institute. On the first step of this study 5 Sakiz rams and 134 Kivircik ewes had been used. When F 1 females produced by Sakiz X KIvircik crossbreeding became mature, they had been crossbred with German Black Headed Mutton rams. The …

The Effects Of Different Feeding Rates On Growth And Feed Conversion Of Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Reared In Sea Cages In Black Sea (Sinop), Turkey, Serap Ustaoğlu, Recep Bi̇rcan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

TAOĞLU, Recep BİRCAN Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Sinop Su Ürünleri Fakültesi, Sinop - TÜRKİYE Abtract: In the research, rainbow trout with a mean weight of 123 g were fed 1.5-1.8% (I. group) and 2.25-2.7% (II. group) of the body weight and adlibitum (III. group), respectively to investigate the effects of different feeding rates on growth and feed con-version. At the end of the experiment, final average weights of 411.3±10.08 g, 484.2±14.23 g and 513.5±14.93 g, have been obtained, respectively. The difference between the I. group and II. group, and also the I. group and III. group was found significant (p0.05) according …