Life Sciences Commons^™

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 23, No. 4. December 1991

The Prairie Naturalist

---

Paul B. Kannowski, Editor

Nikki R. Seabloom, Assistant Editor

Douglas H. Johnson, Book Review Editor

CONTENTS

KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS RESPONSE TO BURNING: INTERACTIONS BETWEEN FIRE AND SOIL MOISTURE ▪ G. W. Blankespoor and B. S. Bich

FORAGE PRODUCTION AND USE ON BIGHORN SHEEP WINTER RANGE

FOLLOWING SPRING BURNING IN GRASSLAND AND PONDEROSA PINE HABITATS ▪ T. G. Easterly and K. J. Jenkins

SHORT-TERM MORTALITY OF SMALLMOUTH BASS CAUGHT DURING A LIVE-RELEASE TOURNAMENT AT LAKE OAHE, SOUTH DAKOTA ▪ J. J. Jackson and D. W. Willis

CRAYFISH IN SAND LAKE NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE ▪ C. D. Dieter

PIPING PLOVERS NEST ON DRY …

---

Remote Estimation Of The Diffuse Attenuation Coefficient In A Moderately Turbid Estuary, Richard P. Stumpf, Jonathan Pennock

School of Marine Science and Ocean Engineering

---

Abstract

Solutions of the radiative transfer equation are used to derive relationships of water reflectance to the diffuse attenuation coefficient (K) in moderately turbid water (K > 0.5 m⁻¹). Data sets collected from the NOAA AVHRR and in situ observations from five different dates confirm the appropriateness of these relationships, in particular the logistic equation. Values of K calculated from the reflectance data agree to within 60% of the observed values, although the reflectance derived using a more comprehensive aerosol correction is sensitive to chlorophyll concentrations greater than 50 μg L⁻¹. Agreement between in situ and remote …

---

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 23, No. 3. September 1991

The Prairie Naturalist

---

Paul B. Kannowski, Editor

Nikki R. Seabloom, Assistant Editor

Douglas H. Johnson, Book Review Editor

CONTENTS

ANTIPREDATOR BEHAVIOR OF MOUNTAIN PLOVER CHICKS ▪ T A. Sordahl

USING AERIAL MARKING FOR ASSESSING POPULATION DYNAMICS OF LATE SUMMER ROOSTING RED-WINGED BLACKBIRDS ▪ C. M. Linz, C. E. Knittle, J. L. Cummings, J. E. Davis, Jr. , D. L. Otis, and D. L. Bergman

DISPERSAL OF THE MEADOW JUMPING MOUSE IN NORTHERN KANSAS ▪ J. R. Choate, D. W. Moore, and J. K. Frey

DIET, HOME RANGE, MOVEMENTS, AND ACTIVITY PERIODS OF SWIFT FOX IN NEBRASKA ▪ T D. Hines and R. M. …

---

Biodepuration Of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons From A Bivalve Mollusk, Mercenaria Mercenaria L, John T. Tanacredi Ph.D., Raul R. Cardenas

Faculty Works: CERCOM

---

Mercenaria mercenaria, exposed in vitro for 48 h to nine parent polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) found in waste crankcase oil (WCCO) and analysed by multiparametric analysis over a 45- day depuration period in an activated carbon filtration aquaria system, did not depurate PAHs, but rather maintained them at detectable levels. Uptake of PAHs was shown to be directly related to clam weight. A cluster analysis of empirical results reaffirmed a biostabilization in PAH groupings in clam tissue over a 45-day depuration period and exhibited no evidence of a decreasing trend in total PAHs when subjected to ANOVA. Due to the …

---

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 23, No. 2. June 1991

The Prairie Naturalist

---

Paul B. Kannowski, Editor

Nikki R. Sea bloom, Assistant Editor

Douglas H. Johnson, Book Review Editor

CONTENTS

SMALLMOUTH BASS SIZE STRUCTURE AND CATCH RATES IN FIVE SOUTH DAKOTA LAKES AS DETERMINED FROM TWO SAMPLING GEARS ▪ C. L. Milewski and D. W. Willis

REPRODUCTION BY FISHES IN A HEADWATER STREAM FLOWING INTO GRAYROCKS RESERVOIR, WYOMING ▪ W. A. Hubert and D. T O’Shea

ENVENOMATION AND ACQUISITION OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION BY PRAIRIE RATTLESNAKES ▪ D. Chiszar, C. Hobika, H. M. Smith, and J. Vidaurri

MOVEMENTS AND HABITAT USE BY WILD TURKEY HENS WITH BROODS IN A GRASSLAND-WOODLAND MOSAIC IN THE NORTHERN …

---

Appendix To The Final Report Of The Rfac. Statistical Summary Of Public Responses To Key Issues., Recreational Fishing Advisory Committee Western Australia.

Fisheries management papers

---

This paper has been published as a separate appendix to the final report of the Recreational Fishing Advisory Committee, and should be read in conjunction with it, and the Committee's discussion paper ("Final report of the Recreational Fishing Advisory Committee - Fisheries Management Paper No. 41 1991). The key issues that were identified in the discussion paper came up under the following headings: 5.1 Environment 5.2 Resource Sharing 5.3 Access for Fishing 5.4 Research 5.5 Management rules 5.6 Enforcement 5.7 Charter fishing 5.8 Funding and licensing 5.9 Community consultation 5.10 Public awareness and community education.

---

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 23, No. 1. March 1991

The Prairie Naturalist

---

Paul B. Kannowski, Editor

Nikki R. Seabloom, Assistant Editor

Douglas H. Johnson, Book Review Editor

CONTENTS

AGRICULTURAL LAND USE AND MOURNING DOVES IN EASTERN COLORADO: IMPLICATIONS FOR NESTING AND PRODUCTION IN THE GREAT PLAINS ▪ T E. Olson, C. E. Braun, and R. A. Ryder

DISTRIBUTION OF SANDHILL CRANES IN THE NORTH PLATTE RIVER VALLEY 1980 AND 1989 ▪ M. J. Folk and T. C. Tacha

NOCTURNAL BEHAVIOR OF SANDHILL CRANES ROOSTING IN THE PLATTE RIVER, NEBRASKA ▪ B. S. Norling, S. H. Anderson, and W A. Hubert

LEAD POISONING OF A MARBLED GODWIT ▪ L. N. Locke, M. R. …

---

Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 1990 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Eugene M. Burreson

Reports

---

No abstract provided.

---

Oyster Spatfall In Virginia Waters: 1990 Annual Summary, Bruce J. Barber

Reports

---

The Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) conducts surveys ofoyster spatfall (or "setting") in Virginia waters throughout the summer reproductive period. This survey provides an estimate of the potential of a particular area for receiving a "strike" or set of oysters on the bottom and helps define the timing of setting events. Information obtained from this effort is valuable to the Virginia Marine Resources Commission (VMRC) for its shell repletion program, and to private oyster growers, both of which are interested in maximizing the timing of shell planting. In addition, by maintaining a long-term data base, trends in spatfall throughout …

---

Littoral And Limnetic Zooplankton Communities In Lake Mead, Nevada-Arizona, Usa, Patrick J. Sollberger, Larry J. Paulson

Publications (WR)

---

Zooplankton were collected from adjacent littoral and limnetic sites in Lake Mead, Nevada-Arizona, USA. Limnetic species dominated both littoral and limnetic zooplankton communities; littoral species rarely exceeded 2% of monthly total zooplankton densities. Low species richness of littoral taxa and high similarity in species composition between littoral and limnetic habitats appeared to result from uniform horizontal physical and chemical environments, due to horizontal mixing, and from the absence aquatic macrophytes.

Significant differences in spatial distribution occurred in phytoplankton biomass, total zooplankton density, and fish "abundances; highest concentrations of these factors occurred nearest an inflow high in nutrients and progressively declined …

---

Assessment Of Organic And Metal Contaminants In Lower Back Bay And Upper Currituck Sound, Kate Benkert

V. Poster Abstracts

---

Studies were conducted at Mackay Island National Wildlife Refuge in 1988 and 1989 to provide baseline data for an assessment of organic chemicals and metal contaminants in the aquatic ecosystem. Longnose gar, gizzard shad, snapping turtles, common rangia clams and sediments were collected from sites in lower Back Bay and upper Currituck Sound for contaminant analyses.

Composite sediment samples were analyzed for the presence of metals, organochlorine pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Organochlorine pesticides were not detected in the sediments. Various PAH compounds were detected in the sediments, although at trace concentrations which just exceeded the analytical detection limit …

---

Environmental Education: A Chance For The Future, Ben Mathias

V. Poster Abstracts

---

The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is committed to providing environmental education opportunities for the Nation's student body. Local, regional and national educators are invited to investigate and utilize the resources of Back Bay National Wildlife Refuge with their colleagues and students. Teacher workshops at the Refuge provide orientation to Refuge lands, outdoor classroom sites, trails, interpretive facilities and equipment, and potential field activities. Refuge staff members are available to assist with: • Preliminary planning • Group scheduling • Library research • Workshop registration • Trip logistics and • On-site group orientation. Most classroom sites, associated trails/boardwalks, and Visitor Contact …

---

Predation Risk And The Importance Of Cover For Juvenile Rainbow Trout In Lentic Systems, R. A. Tabor, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

---

Juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss stocked in midelevation reservoirs in Utah inhabit shallow nearshore areas and are vulnerable to predation from piscivorous fish and birds. We determined the use and importance of nearshore habitats by (1) measuring habitat selection by, prey availability to, and feeding of juvenile rainbow trout in two reservoirs with populations of predators, and (2) measuring survival and growth rates in the presence and absence of cover in a pond experiment where adult brown trout Salmo trutta were predators. In the reservoirs juvenile rainbow trout (60–120 mm standard length) were abundant in complex inshore habitats but avoided …

---

Land Capability Study For Horticulture In The Swan Valley, J M. Campbell-Clause, Geoff Allan Moore

Land resources series

---

The Swan Valley is an important agricultural, recreational, tourist and heritage area in which there are a number of competing land uses because of its location close to Perth. The traditional agricultural use, mainly centred around the viticulture industry, has to compete with tourist development, urban encroachment, hobby farms and clay extraction. The major objective of this report was to identify any areas of prime horticultural land which should be retained for that purpose. A land capability study was done using the existing soil series map of the Swan Valley (Pym 1955), which covers most of the Swan Valley Policy …

---

G91-1025 Two Crops In One Year: Doublecropping, Russell Moomaw, Gary Lesoing, Charles A. Francis

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

---

Choice of crops, weed control, and other cultural practices for successful doublecropping are discussed here. Multiple cropping refers to growing two crops on the same field during the same year. One method of multiple cropping is doublecropping, which is when one crop is grown after the first crop is harvested. Prime USA regions for doublecropping are the eastern cornbelt, and southeastern and south central states where relatively long growing seasons and abundant rainfall occur. By contrast, shorter growing seasons and less frequent rainfall limit the potential for doublecropping in Nebraska. Irrigation is essential for successful doublecropping in Nebraska. Without irrigation, …

---

Rx For Success At Back Bay National Wildlife Refuge: Take Two Committed Partners-Add Water, Janet Taylor, Julia Herrick, Ben Mathias

V. Poster Abstracts

---

As part of a major effort to improve habitats for waterfowl and other wetland-dependent wildlife, Ducks Unlimited, Inc. is contributing $187,500 in matching funds to help the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service rehabilitate wetland impoundments at Back Bay NWR.

The three-year project will increase Refuge management capabilities on existing wetland areas, create 300 acres of new marsh habitat and increase water management flexibility throughout the impoundment system. Components of the project include:

• Raising and re-sloping 8 miles of existing dikes
• Installing 13 new water control structures
• Constructing 6,000 feet of new dikes
• Creating two storage pools totalling 53 acres and …

---

Refuge Land Acquisition: Helping Preserve Back Bay's Wildlife Heritage, Julia Herrick, Ben Mathias, Janet Taylor

V. Poster Abstracts

---

The once-renowned waterfowl populations and bass fishery of Back Bay, Virginia have declined dramatically in recent years. Lands surrounding Back Bay are increasingly threatened by on-going and potential land development. These lands serve as an important filter for pollutant and sediment-laden runoff from adjacent areas. The boundary of the Back Bay National Wildlife Refuge was expanded in 1989 to include an additional 6,340 acres of brackish marsh, forested swamp, and "critical edge" upland habitat, important to a variety of wildlife species and for its natural filtering effect. Within the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's policy of working with willing sellers, …

---

Man Versus Mollusc: Studies Of Water Quality Problems, How They Affect Shellfish And Shellfish Harvesting, And How The Commonwealth Should Address These Problems. A Report To The Shellfish Enhancement Task Force, Bruce Neilson, Nancy C. Wilson, Carl Hershner

Reports

---

No abstract provided.

---

Procedure For Creating Digital Baylor Coverages In Arc/Info, Gary F. Anderson, J. Berchman Smithson, Anna K. Kenne

Reports

---

Baylor Grounds were defined by a survey of the natural oyster beds in Virginia conducted by Lt. J.B. Baylor, USN, and completed in 1894. The original purpose of the survey was to set aside naturally productive oyster beds for protection from private leasing, which was a controversial concept at the time. Hence the commonly used term 'Baylor Grounds' is synonymous with Virginia's public oystering grounds in the present day. Other surveys, conducted later, have added to the original Baylor acreage, resulting in an estimated 243, 000 acres of public oyster grounds in Virginia. For further information on the oyster industry …

---

Slope Effects On Shortwave Radiation Components And Net Radiation: Interim Report For Period April 1, 1991- December 31, 1991, E. A. Walter-Shea, B. L. Blad, C. J. Hays, M. A. Mesarch

School of Natural Resources: Documents and Reviews

---

No abstract provided.

---

El Papel De Las Mujeres En La Conservación De Los Bosques Del Nepal, Augusta Molnar

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

---

Este número de SEEDS pone de relieve las formas en que se ha hecho participar a las mujeres en un programa gubernamental de conservación y restauración de bosques en Nepal. Como en muchos proyectos de gran escala e impacto generalizado, las mujeres no tenían un papel específico en el diseño original del proyecto. Pero una vez que comenzaron las actividades, tanto el personal nepales como sus colegas extranjeros tuvieron que reconocer que para que la estrategía participative pudiera funcionar, era esencial contar con las mujeres. De ahí que durante los primeros cinco anos del proyecto (1980–85) se probaron varias maneras …

---

Seasonal Phytoplankton Assemblages Associated With The Chesapeake Bay Plume, Harold G. Marshall

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

---

Waters associated with the Chesapeake Bay plume were highly variable, unstable, and subject to the influence of flow patterns into and out of the Bay. Seasonal phytoplankton assemblages were identified for this region, with the phytoplankton development similar to the seasonal spring-fall growth maxima over the shelf, yet influenced by the multi-pulsed patterns often noted in the lower Bay. Major dominants included species common to both the shelf and lower Chesapeake Bay.

---