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Comparative Feeding Value Of Grain Sorghum And Corn In Beef Cattle Diets, G. Goldy, K. Bolsen, Jack G. Riley
Comparative Feeding Value Of Grain Sorghum And Corn In Beef Cattle Diets, G. Goldy, K. Bolsen, Jack G. Riley
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Homozygous yellow endosperm grain sorghum had no advantage in feeding value over heterozygous yellow endosperm hybrids (P>.05). A heterozygous yellow endosperm hybrid, Funk's 550, had larger kernels (P<.001) and when dry rolled, produced more fine particles (P<.01). This may explain its trend toward improved feed efficiency, higher DM digestibility, and greater in vitro VFA production compared with the other dry processed grain sorghum hybrids tested. Our results do not support the traditional 12 to 16% price discount for grain sorghum relative to corn.
Feeding Value Of Wheat And Sorghum Grain As Indicated By Absorbed Nutrients, K.L. Gross, D.L. Harmon, T.B. Avery
Feeding Value Of Wheat And Sorghum Grain As Indicated By Absorbed Nutrients, K.L. Gross, D.L. Harmon, T.B. Avery
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Steers fed diets based on dry-rolled wheat or sorghum grain alone or combined (50:50) showed no differences in net portal fluxes of glucose, L-lactate, ammonia, urea, or α-amino nitrogen. Portal blood flow was increased in steers fed the 50:50 diet. Total volatile fatty acid flux into the portal blood tended to be lower for steers fed the sorghum grain diet, which may partially explain the lower feeding value of sorghum grain compared to wheat or the two grains combined.
Detection Of Elastin, Collagen, And Cartilage Particles In Ground Beef By Enzyme Digestion And Sensory Analysis, G. Whipple, J.B. Axe, S. Goll, Curtis L. Kastner
Detection Of Elastin, Collagen, And Cartilage Particles In Ground Beef By Enzyme Digestion And Sensory Analysis, G. Whipple, J.B. Axe, S. Goll, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
An enzyme digestion technique was developed using a proteolytic enzyme concentrate to quantitate connective tissue particles in ground beef samples, which had been formulated to contain various amounts of connective tissue. Replicate samples were also evaluated by a taste panel to quantify detectable connective tissue particles. Results for the laboratory enzyme technique and the taste panel were highly correlated. Therefore, the enzyme digestion technique can be used to estimate total connective tissue in ground beef and those particles that are detected upon chewing.
Effect Of Sprouting And Weather Damage On Feeding Value Of Grain Sorghum (Summary Of Beef, Swine, And Poultry Trials), H. Turlington, G. Allee, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope
Effect Of Sprouting And Weather Damage On Feeding Value Of Grain Sorghum (Summary Of Beef, Swine, And Poultry Trials), H. Turlington, G. Allee, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Grain sorghum officially graded as 39% damaged (sprouted) with 10% broken kernels or foreign material was fed to beef steers, growing swine, and broilers to compare its feeding value to that of normal grain sorghum. Damaged grain constituted 0, 50, or 100% of the grain portion of the rations. Cattle performance during a 57-day finishing period was not reduced by feeding sprouted grain sorghum. However, the swine and broiler trials suggest that sprouted grain sorghum has a slightly lower energy value.
Color Formation And Retention In Fresh Beef, Donald H. Kropf, Melvin C. Hunt, D. Piske
Color Formation And Retention In Fresh Beef, Donald H. Kropf, Melvin C. Hunt, D. Piske
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We conducted two studies in response to a severe problem with ground beef color encountered by beef fabricators and retailers. We concluded that: (1) Loss of muscle chemical-reducing capability upon grinding, with subsequent color deterioration, results from both the mechanical effect of grinding and incorporation of oxygen into the beef. (2) Flat, thin, surface muscles from beef carcasses retain more ability to bloom (turn bright red) if they are removed by hot boning or after a relatively short chill period.
Measurement Of The Binding Properties Of Meat Used In Restructured Beef Products, S.J. Goll, Curtis L. Kastner
Measurement Of The Binding Properties Of Meat Used In Restructured Beef Products, S.J. Goll, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The dried weight of the material washed from meat surfaces by distilled water closely paralleled the binding strength between meat particles as measured by tensile strength testing. Sponges added to meat pieces during mixing were a poor estimation of protein extraction and binding strength.
Factors Predicting The Probability Of Estrus And Pregnancy, T. Goehring, L. Corah, James J. Higgins
Factors Predicting The Probability Of Estrus And Pregnancy, T. Goehring, L. Corah, James J. Higgins
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A statistical analysis was used to determine which live animal traits are useful in predicting reproductive performance in first-calf heifers. Heifer condition score at calving and change in condition score postcalving, calving difficulty score, and milk production were related to the probability of estrus and pregnancy. Condition score at calving had the greatest impact and, to a great extent, moderates the influence of the other traits.
Effects Of Energy Level And Lasalocid On Productivity Of Fall-Calving, First-Calf Heifers, T. Goehring, L. Corah, James J. Higgins
Effects Of Energy Level And Lasalocid On Productivity Of Fall-Calving, First-Calf Heifers, T. Goehring, L. Corah, James J. Higgins
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Fall-calving, first-calf heifers (136 head) were fed TDN levels approximating 85% or 100% of NRC recommendations, with or without 200 mg/hd/day lasalocid. Those fed the recommended diet gained more weight from 130 days prepartum to calving and showed more improvement in condition score before calving than those on the low-energy diet. After calving, the group fed the recommended energy level lost less weight and condition and had better reproductive performance than the low-energy group. The only effect of lasalocid was to improve calf performance in the low-energy group.
Relationship Of Age At Puberty And Postpartum Interval To Estrus In Angus X Hereford And Brahman X Hereford Females, D.J. Patterson, L.R. Corah, J.R. Brethour, W.R. Negus
Relationship Of Age At Puberty And Postpartum Interval To Estrus In Angus X Hereford And Brahman X Hereford Females, D.J. Patterson, L.R. Corah, J.R. Brethour, W.R. Negus
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Records of age at puberty (AAP) and postpartum interval to estrus (PPI) for heifers calving first at 2 years of age were used to determine the relationship between the two reproductive parameters. In Brahman x Hereford (BxH) females, there was no relationship between AAP and PPJ. In Angus x Hereford (AxH) females, PPI increased as AAP decreased. The data suggest that heifers heavier at weaning reach puberty younger, but PPJ may be longer following their first calving. Heifers larger at weaning may need to be managed differently to improve performance during the first postpartum period.
Whole-Plant Forage And Grain Sorghum Silages For Growing Cattle, B. Kirch, S. Hamma, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg, J. Hoover
Whole-Plant Forage And Grain Sorghum Silages For Growing Cattle, B. Kirch, S. Hamma, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg, J. Hoover
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Four trials were conducted to determine the feeding value of whole-plant forage and grain sorghum silages. In general, growing cattle fed grain sorghum hybrids (NK2778, Funk's 550, DeKalb 42Y, DeKalb E67) out performed those fed forage sorghum silages. Only moderate to high grain-content, forage sorghums (Buffalo Canex, Pioneer 947, Acco 351) gave performances that approached the grain sorghums. Low grain-content and nonheading forage sorghums (DeKalb 25E, Funk's G-1990) resulted in the poorest cattle performance. These studies indicate that grain content of a sorghum silage is the major determinant of cattle performance and that whole-plant grain sorghums should produce the fastest …
Additive-Treated Corn Silages For Growing Cattle, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg, B. Kirch, A. Laytimi, Lyle W. Lomas
Additive-Treated Corn Silages For Growing Cattle, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg, B. Kirch, A. Laytimi, Lyle W. Lomas
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Whole-plant corn silages were treated with USO3M or Silo-Best Soluble® in one trial and with Garst M-74® in a second trial. In Trial 1 all three silages were well preserved and moderately stable in the air. USO3M silage lost less dry matter during fermentation than control or Silo-Best silages. Cattle fed the USO3M silage made 7.6% faster gains and were 5.2% more efficient than those fed the control silage. Cattle performance with the Silo-Best Soluble and control silages was similar. In trial 2, heifer gains were nearly identical for both control and Garst M-74 silages.
Implant Comparisons In Grazing And Finishing Spayed Heifers, S.B. Laudert, Gerry L. Kuhl, A.J. Edwards
Implant Comparisons In Grazing And Finishing Spayed Heifers, S.B. Laudert, Gerry L. Kuhl, A.J. Edwards
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Heifers that were flank-spayed plus rumen-ovarian autografted (FS+A) responded similarly to Ralgro®, Synovex-H®, and Synovex-S® implants on' pasture. Grazing heifers spayed by the Kimberling-Rupp technique also responded similarly to Synovex-H and Synovex-S implants. During the finishing phase, heifers implanted with Synovex-S gained 5.7% faster than heifers implanted with Ralgro, and those implanted with Synovex-H were intermediate in performance. There was no statistical interaction between spaying method and implant treatment during either the grazing or finishing phases.
Effect Of Several Spaying Methods On Grazing Heifer Gains, Gerry L. Kuhl, T. Goehring, B. Ritter, S. Laudert, W. Mccully
Effect Of Several Spaying Methods On Grazing Heifer Gains, Gerry L. Kuhl, T. Goehring, B. Ritter, S. Laudert, W. Mccully
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Several spaying and ovarian autografting methods were tested in three field trials with 658 grazing heifers. None of the techniques examined were found to have a beneficial effect on heifer gains compared to intact controls. Heifers' initial weight, frame size, and body condition score were associated with cattle performance; however, their relative impact on gains varied across the three trials.
Effect Of Stocker Receiving Diet On Subsequent Pasture Gains, F. Brazle, Gerry L. Kuhl, D. Harmon
Effect Of Stocker Receiving Diet On Subsequent Pasture Gains, F. Brazle, Gerry L. Kuhl, D. Harmon
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Seven diets were fed for 27 days to newly arrived heifers to evaluate their impact on stocker gains during the receiving and pasture periods. The diets were as follows: soybean hulls plus soybean meal; suncured alfalfa plus wheat middlings; dehydrated alfalfa plus grain sorghum; distillers dried grain plus cottonseed hulls; brome hay plus 2 lb protein supplement/day; prairie hay plus 2 lb protein supplement/day; and a commercial receiving ration. During the receiving period, diets of soybean hulls plus soybean meal, distillers dried grain plus cottonseed hulls, and the commercial receiving ration produced the highest cattle gains. The soybean hull plus …
Influence Of Sorghum Grain Supplementation On Forage Utilization By Beef Steers Consuming Immature Bluestem, E.S. Vanzant, A.A. Beharka, R.C. Cochran, T.B. Avery, K.A. Jacques
Influence Of Sorghum Grain Supplementation On Forage Utilization By Beef Steers Consuming Immature Bluestem, E.S. Vanzant, A.A. Beharka, R.C. Cochran, T.B. Avery, K.A. Jacques
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Supplementing beef steers consuming immature bluestem with 0, 1, 2, or 4 lbs of sorghum grain daily did not affect forage intake. Thus, total intake increased as level of grain increased. Total dry matter, cell wall, and starch digestibilities were mildly depressed with increasing grain. Rumen fill and rates of passage were similar for all treatments, and differences in rumen fermentation characteristics were minimal.
Effect Of Supplemental Protein:Energy Ratio On The Intake, Digestibility, Fill, And Turnover Of Dormant Bluestem Range-Grasses, T. Delcurto, R.C. Cochran, K.A. Jacques, D.L. Harmon, G. Towne, T.B. Avery, E.S. Vanzant
Effect Of Supplemental Protein:Energy Ratio On The Intake, Digestibility, Fill, And Turnover Of Dormant Bluestem Range-Grasses, T. Delcurto, R.C. Cochran, K.A. Jacques, D.L. Harmon, G. Towne, T.B. Avery, E.S. Vanzant
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Feeding a low crude protein (12%) supplement depressed dormant bluestem range-grass fiber digestibility, whereas moderate (27%) and high (41 %) protein supplementation maintained forage digestibility and encouraged intake. Increased intake for moderate and high protein groups appeared to be associated with increased rumen dry matter and indigestible fiber fill.
Effect Of Terramycin® And Bovatec® In Free-Choice Mineral Mixtures On Gains Of Heifers Grazing Native Grass, F. Brazle, Gerry L. Kuhl, D. Harmon, S. Laudert
Effect Of Terramycin® And Bovatec® In Free-Choice Mineral Mixtures On Gains Of Heifers Grazing Native Grass, F. Brazle, Gerry L. Kuhl, D. Harmon, S. Laudert
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Supplementing heifers in an intensive-early grazing program with Terramycin ® or Bovatec ® in free-choice, mineral-soybean meal mixtures resulted in Comparable cattle performance. Both feed additive mixtures increased heifer gains about .3 lb per day compared to controls supplemented with a simple mineral mixture.
Effect Of Limited-Creep Feeding Calves Of Spring-Calving Cows Grazing Native Grass, F. Brazle, Gerry L. Kuhl, L. Corah, K. Zoellner
Effect Of Limited-Creep Feeding Calves Of Spring-Calving Cows Grazing Native Grass, F. Brazle, Gerry L. Kuhl, L. Corah, K. Zoellner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two limited-creep feeding trials were conducted with spring-born, suckling calves on native grass. The high-energy creep rations containing an ionophore were fed during the last 63 or 85 days before weaning in the two trials. Creep intake was limited with salt to about 1.5 lb per calf daily. Calves consuming the limited-creep feeds gained .26 to .31 lb more per head daily and required 4.4 to 5.5 lb of creep per lb of extra weaning weight.
Effects Of Trenbolone Acetate And Zeranol Implants On Performance, Carcass, And Meat Traits Of Young Bulls And Steers, R.D. Johnson, Michael E. Dikeman
Effects Of Trenbolone Acetate And Zeranol Implants On Performance, Carcass, And Meat Traits Of Young Bulls And Steers, R.D. Johnson, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Implanting young bulls and steers with trenbolone acetate and zeranol (Ralgro ®) resulted in increased slaughter weights and carcasses that tended to have more marbling than those of control bulls. Furthermore, steaks from both implanted bulls and implanted steers tended to have less detectable connective tissue. Control bulls had larger scrotal circumferences and heavier testicle weights than implanted bulls. Other secondary sex characteristics were not affected, but in these bulls slaughtered at an average age of 13.6 months, sexual development was minimal. Implanting steers with trenbolone acetate and zeranol resulted in performance and carcass and meat quality slightly superior to …
Evaluating Serving Capacity Of Yearling Beef Bulls - A Field Trial, G. Boyd, L. Corah
Evaluating Serving Capacity Of Yearling Beef Bulls - A Field Trial, G. Boyd, L. Corah
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Results from two trials showed that serving capacity (SC) can be successfully evaluated in yearling beef bulls under field conditions and is influenced by sire line (P<.01). Also, providing sexual experience to low SC yearling bulls can improve SC and should be a standard part of the test. Scrotal circumference and breeding soundness examination scores, both traditional measures of bull fertility, were unrelated to SC.
Effects Of Pneumo-Guard H® And Vitamin E On Gain And Health Of Stockers Purchased As Steers And Bulls, F. Brazle
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Pneumo-Guard H® and injectable Vitamin E did not improve cattle gain or reduce treatments required per animal during a 29-day receiving trial. Stockers purchased as steers gained faster (P<.001) and required fewer (P<.001) treatments per animal than bulls castrated on arrival.
Efficacy Of Depo-Mga® In Feedlot Heifers, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope, L. O'Neill
Efficacy Of Depo-Mga® In Feedlot Heifers, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope, L. O'Neill
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Three levels of melengestrol acetate (30, 60, and 90 mg) injected subcutaneously as a liquid (DEPO-MGA ®) in the ear of heifers yielded high performance results comparable to feeding 0.5 mg of MGA per head daily. Heifers fed 0.5 mg MGA daily gained 6% faster and were 11% more efficient than heifers not receiving MGA. This study will be pooled with trials from 13 other locations in the U.S. to determine if further development and FDA clearance of DEPO-MGA ® will be pursued by the Upjohn Company.
Compudose® Compared With Synovex-H® For Finishing Yearling Heifers, S.B. Laudert
Compudose® Compared With Synovex-H® For Finishing Yearling Heifers, S.B. Laudert
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Feedlot heifers implanted once with either Compudose® or Synovex-H® performed similarly, with daily gains of 3.16 vs 3.27 lbs, respectively. Compudose retention in the ear was 97.5%. Implant site abscess rate was 2.5% for Compudose and 13.7% for Synovex-H.
Influence Of Rumen Bypass Fat Fed In A Range Supplement On The Performance Of Cows And Calves Grazing Bluestem Range, L. Corah, B. Cochran, D. Harmon, T. Goehring
Influence Of Rumen Bypass Fat Fed In A Range Supplement On The Performance Of Cows And Calves Grazing Bluestem Range, L. Corah, B. Cochran, D. Harmon, T. Goehring
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Adding rumen bypass fat to a range supplement reproductive characteristics, cow weight and condition performance during a 43-day postpartum feeding period.
Effects Of Preweaning And Postweaning Implants On Suckling, Growing, And Finishing Steer Performance - A Three Trial Summary, D.D. Simms, T.B. Goehring, R.W. Lee, Robert T. Brandt Jr., S.B. Laudert, Gerry L. Kuhl
Effects Of Preweaning And Postweaning Implants On Suckling, Growing, And Finishing Steer Performance - A Three Trial Summary, D.D. Simms, T.B. Goehring, R.W. Lee, Robert T. Brandt Jr., S.B. Laudert, Gerry L. Kuhl
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Over 500 crossbred steers were used in three trials to compare lifetime implant strategies and to study the effects of implanting during the suckling period on performance in the growing and finishing periods. Contrary to previous research, implanting in the suckling period did not increase suckling gain. Implanting in the growing period increased (P<.05) average daily gain, and the implant response in the growing period was not influenced by suckling implant treatment. Steers implanted twice during the finishing period had similar finishing gains regardless of prior implant treatment. Steers implanted only once during the finishing phase gained less (P<.05) than those implanted twice, and while their gains were higher than those of control steers, the difference was small (P>.05). Implanting steers in the finishing phase tended to improve feed conversion but again the difference was not statistically significant. All implant treatments increased (P<.05) lifetime average daily gains and total gain, and there was no difference among implant combinations. Implant treatments increased lifetime gains by 30 to 54 lbs. Because implanting in the suckling period did not reduce cattle performance during the growing and finishing periods, there appears to be no basis for discounting the price of previously implanted cattle. Additionally, this study emphasizes the importance of reimplanting cattle during long finishing periods
Influence Of Mixtures Of High Moisture Corn And Dry Rolled Wheat On Finishing Performance And Carcass Characteristics, B.J. Bock, Robert T. Brandt Jr., D.L. Harmon
Influence Of Mixtures Of High Moisture Corn And Dry Rolled Wheat On Finishing Performance And Carcass Characteristics, B.J. Bock, Robert T. Brandt Jr., D.L. Harmon
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Dry rolled wheat and high moisture corn were fed singly and in three combinations in a 132-day finishing trial. Daily gain, feed intake, and final live weight were greatest on the 75% corn:25% wheat diet. Feed efficiencies and carcass characteristics were not affected by grain combination. Daily gain and feed intake tended to decrease as percentage of wheat in the diet increased above 25%.
Raw Soybeans As A Protein Source For Growing Cattle, S. Anderson, Robert T. Brandt Jr.
Raw Soybeans As A Protein Source For Growing Cattle, S. Anderson, Robert T. Brandt Jr.
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A 60-day growth trial with 170 exotic crossbred steers (avg. wt. 626 lbs) was conducted to assess the value of raw soybeans in silage-based diets. Protein supplements were based on 1) urea, 2) urea plus soybean oil (SBO), 3) soybean meal (SBM), 4) SBM plus SBO, 5) rolled (RSB), and 6) whole (WSB) soybeans. Soybean oil was added to treatments 2 and 4 in amounts equivalent to that contributed from raw soybeans. Total diets were 11.5% crude protein. Steers fed SBM gained faster (P<.05) and consumed more feed than those fed RSB or WSB. However, SBO added back to the SBM diet resulted in performance similar to that of steers fed RSB or WSB (P=.47). This suggests that the protein value of SBM and raw soybeans was similar, but that small increments (less than 2% of diet dry matter) of soybean lipid inhibited ruminal diet digestion and(or} utilization. There was no advantage for rolling raw soybeans vs. feeding them whole (P=.45). Costs of gain were urea
Influence Of Ionophore Addition To A High-Concentrate Diet On Net Nutrient Absorption In Steers, D.L. Harmon, K.L. Gross, T.B. Avery
Influence Of Ionophore Addition To A High-Concentrate Diet On Net Nutrient Absorption In Steers, D.L. Harmon, K.L. Gross, T.B. Avery
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Feeding the ionophores monensin and lasalocid In a high-concentrate diet resulted in gut tissues utilizing less glucose. Monensin caused less urea to be recycled. The new, experimental ionophore (lCI 139603) resulted in an increased net absorption of acetate. Thus, ionophores may differ in how they execute their effects on feed efficiency.
Effects Of Rumensin® Ruminal Delivery Devices In Grazing Cattle On Subsequent Feedlot Performance, Jack G. Riley, B. Cochran, Ronald V. Pope
Effects Of Rumensin® Ruminal Delivery Devices In Grazing Cattle On Subsequent Feedlot Performance, Jack G. Riley, B. Cochran, Ronald V. Pope
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Rumensin® Ruminal Delivery Devices put in place 76 days prior to steers entering a feedlot resulted in an average reduction in daily dry matter intake of 3.6% and a small 1.8% increase in daily gain during a controlled 28-day feeding phase. All steers were fed an 85% concentrate feedlot diet fortified with 30g/ton of Rumensin® and 10 g/ton of tylan®.
Calving And Reproductive Performance Of Angus X Hereford And Brahman X Hereford Heifers Fed To Prebreeding Target Weights, D.J. Patterson, L.R. Corah, J.R. Brethour, W.R. Negus
Calving And Reproductive Performance Of Angus X Hereford And Brahman X Hereford Heifers Fed To Prebreeding Target Weights, D.J. Patterson, L.R. Corah, J.R. Brethour, W.R. Negus
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The effect of heifer development on first calving and subsequent reproductive performance was evaluated in Angus x Hereford (AxH) and Brahman x Hereford (BxH) females. Heifers were fed to reach either 55% or 65% of their projected mature body weight by the start of their first breeding season. After breeding, the heifers were managed as a typical commercial range beef cow herd. Angus x Hereford heifers developed to the higher prebreeding target weights: 1) were heavier (P<.05) at calving; 2) had larger (P<.05) total precalving pelvic areas; and 3) had higher (P<.05) average postcalving body condition scores. Precalving pelvic areas were also greater (P<.05) among BxH females developed to the higher prebreeding target weight. Angus x Hereford heifers fed to the low target weight experienced 23.5% more calving problems (52.3 vs 28.8%). Only 11.3% of the BxH heifers required assistance at calving, and calving difficulty was not related to nutritional level. Postpartum interval to estrus (PPJ) was longer among low target AxH heifers, but not in BxH heifers. Calf weaning weight was not affected by heifer development; however, weights were heavier for calves raised by the BxH heifers. These data suggest that differences in weight and condition prior to first breeding persist through to the heifer's first calving and postpartum period.